• 常用模块习题


    1、logging模块有几个日志级别?

    # answer
    # logging模块共5个级别,它们分别是:
    # DEBUG INFO WARNING ERROR CRITICAL

    2、请配置logging模块,使其在屏幕和文件里同时打印以下格式的日志

    2017-10-18 15:56:26,613 - access - ERROR - account [1234] too many login attempts
    import logging
    ch = logging.StreamHandler()
    fh = logging.FileHandler("access.log")
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s,- %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
    ch.setFormatter(formatter)
    fh.setFormatter(formatter)
    logger = logging.getLogger("access")
    logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
    logger.addHandler(fh)
    logger.addHandler(ch)
    logger.error("account [1234] too many login attempts")
    • 3、json、pickle、shelve三个区别是什么?

    # json跨语言,但适用范围小,仅限于简单的数据结构。
    # pickle支持python,适用所有的python数据类型。
    # shelve是可以多次dump、load
    # answer
    # 首先,这三个模块都是序列化工具。
    # 1. json是所有语言的序列化工具,优点跨语言、体积小.只能序列化一些基本的数据类型。intstrlist upledict
    # pickle是python语言特有序列化工具,所有数据都能序列化。只能在python中使用,存储数据占空间大.
    # shelve模块是一个简单的k,v将内存数据通过文件持久化的模块,可以持久化任何pickle可支持的python数据格式。
    # 2. 使用方式,json和pickle用法一样,shelve是f = shelve.open('shelve_test')

    4、json的作用是什么?

    # 将内容数据转成字符串
    # answer
    # 序列化是指把内存里的数据类型转变成字符串,以使其能存储到硬盘或通过网络传输到远程,因为硬盘或网络传输时只能接受bytes

    5、subprocess执行命令方法有几种?

    # 对系统命令或脚本的实现。run,call,popen
    # answer:
    # 有三种方法,分别是
    # run()方法
    # call()方法
    # Popen()方法

    6、为什么要设计好目录结构?

    #可读性高,可维护性高
    # answer
    # 1.可读性高: 不熟悉这个项目的代码的人,一眼就能看懂目录结构,知道程序启动脚本是哪个,
    # 测试目录在哪儿,配置文件在哪儿等等。从而非常快速的了解这个项目。
    # 2.可维护性高: 定义好组织规则后,维护者就能很明确地知道,新增的哪个文件和代码应该放在什么目录之下。
    # 这个好处是,随着时间的推移,代码/配置的规模增加,项目结构不会混乱,仍然能够组织良好。

    7、打印出命令行的第一个参数。例如:python argument.py luffy 打印出 luffy

    import sys
    print(sys.argv[1])

    8、代码如下:

    ''' Linux当前目录/usr/local/nginx/html/ 文件名:index.html '''

    import os

    BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(index.html)))

    print(BASE_DIR)

    打印的内容是什么?

    # answer
    # /usr/local/nginx

    9、os.path.dirname和os.path.abspath含义是什么?

    # answer
    # os.path.dirname:指定文件的目录
    # os.path.abspath:指定文件的绝对路径

    10、通过configparser模块完成以下功能

    文件名my.cnf

    [DEFAULT]

    [client]

    port = 3306

    socket = /data/mysql_3306/mysql.sock

    [mysqld]

    explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

    port = 3306

    socket = /data/mysql_3306/mysql.sock

    back_log = 80

    basedir = /usr/local/mysql

    tmpdir = /tmp

    datadir = /data/mysql_3306

    default-time-zone = '+8:00'

    修改时区 default-time-zone = '+8:00' 为 校准的全球时间 +00:00

    删除 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

    为DEFAULT增加一条 character-set-server = utf8

    # import configparser
    # config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    # config["DEFAULT"]={}
    # config["client"]={}
    # config["client"]["port"]="3306"
    # config["client"]["soket"]="/data/mysql_3306/mysql.sock"
    # config["mysqld"] = {}
    # config["mysqld"]["explicit_defaults_for_timestamp"]="true"
    # config["mysqld"]["port"]="3306"
    # config["mysqld"]["socket"]="/data/mysql_3306/mysql.sock"
    # config["mysqld"]["back_log"]="80"
    # config["mysqld"]["basedir"]="/usr/local/mysql"
    # config["mysqld"]["tmpdir"]="/tmp"
    # config["mysqld"]["datadir"]="/data/mysql_3306"
    # config["mysqld"]["default-time-zone"]="'+8:00'"
    # with open("my.cnf","w")as configfile:
    #     config.write(configfile)
    #
    # con = configparser.ConfigParser()
    # con.read("my.cnf")
    # con.set("mysqld","default-time-zone","+00:00")
    # con.remove_option("mysqld","explicit_defaults_for_timestamp")
    # con["DEFAULT"]["character-set-server"]="utf8"
    # con.write(open("my.cnf","w"))
    

      

    # answer修改
    # import configparser
    # config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    # config.read('my.cnf')
    # config.set('mysqld','default-time-zone','+00:00')
    # config.write(open('my.cnf', "w"))
    # print(config['mysqld']['default-time-zone'] )
    # answer 删除
    # import configparser
    # config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    # config.read('my.cnf')
    # config.remove_option('mysqld','explicit_defaults_for_timestamp')
    # config.write(open('my.cnf', "w"))
    # answer 添加
    # import configparser
    # config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    # config.read('my.cnf')
    # config.set('DEFAULT','character-set-server','utf8')
    # config.write(open('my.cnf', "w"))
    

     

    11、写一个6位随机验证码程序(使用random模块),要求验证码中至少包含一个数字、一个小写字母、一个大写字母.

    # import random,string
    # msg = random.sample(string.ascii_letters+string.digits,6)
    # msg = ''.join(msg)
    # print(msg)
    
    # import random
    # import string
    # code_li = []
    # code_li.append(random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase))
    # code_li.append(random.choice(string.digits))
    # code_li.append(random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase))
    # while len(code_li) < 6:
    #     code_li.append(random.choice(string.digits+string.ascii_lowercase+string.ascii_uppercase))
    # q_code=''.join(code_li)
    # print(q_code)
    

      

    12、利用正则表达式提取到 luffycity.com ,内容如下

    <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>luffycity.com</title> </head> <body> </body> </html>

    # name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"html lang")
    # name.text = '"en"'
    # head = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"head")
    # meta = ET.SubElement(head,"meta charset")
    # meta.text = '"UTF-8"'
    # title = ET.SubElement(head,"title")
    # title.text = "luffycity.com"
    # body = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"body")
    # et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)
    # et.write("c",encoding="utf-8")
    # ET.dump(new_xml)
    # import re
    # f = open('text.xml','r',encoding='utf-8')
    # data = f.read()
    # print(re.search('luffycity.com',data).group())
    
    # answer
    # import re
    # f = open('index.html','r',encoding='utf-8')
    # data = f.read()
    # print(re.findall('luffycity.com',data))

    13、写一个用户登录验证程序,文件如下
    1234.json

    {"expire_date": "2021-01-01", "id": 1234, "status": 0, "pay_day": 22, "password": "abc"}

    用户名为json文件名,密码为 password。

    判断是否过期,与expire_date进行对比。

    登陆成功后,打印“登陆成功”,三次登陆失败,status值改为1,并且锁定账号。

    # import json,time,os
    # data = {"expire_date": "2021-01-01", "id": 1234, "status": 0, "pay_day": 22, "password": "abc"}
    # with open("1234.json","w")as fp:
    #     json.dump(data,fp)
    # fp = open("1234.json","r")
    # data = json.load(fp)
    # count = 0
    # while count < ATM与购物商城:
    #     name = input("username:")
    #     passwd = input("possword:")
    #     n = "1234.json".split(".")
    #     if name == n[0] and passwd == data["password"]:
    #         if data["status"] == 1:
    #             print("Locked!")
    #             exit()
    #         else:
    #             t= time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime())
    #             if t <= data["expire_date"]:
    #                 print("Welcome...")
    #                 exit()
    #             else:
    #                 print("过期")
    #                 exit()
    #     else:
    #         count += 1
    #         print("wrong")
    #
    # else:
    #     print("Fail")
    #     data["status"] = 1
    #     with open("1234.json", "w")as fp:
    #         json.dump(data,fp)

    14、把第13题三次验证的密码进行hashlib加密处理。即:json文件保存为md5的值,然后用md5的值进行验证。

    # import json,time,os,hashlib
    # # data = {"expire_date": "2021-01-01", "id": 1234, "status": 0, "pay_day": 22, "password": "abc"}
    # # m = hashlib.md5()
    # # m.update(data["password"].encode("utf-8"))
    # # data["password"] = m.hexdigest()
    # # with open("1234.json","w")as fp:
    # #     json.dump(data,fp)
    #
    # fp = open("1234.json","r")
    # data = json.load(fp)
    # count = 0
    # while count < ATM与购物商城:
    #     name = input("username:")
    #     passwd = input("possword:")
    #     m = hashlib.md5()
    #     m.update(passwd.encode("utf-8"))
    #     passwd = m.hexdigest()
    #     n = "1234.json".split(".")
    #     if name == n[0] and passwd == data["password"]:
    #         if data["status"] == 1:
    #             print("Locked!")
    #             exit()
    #         else:
    #             t= time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime())
    #             if t <= data["expire_date"]:
    #                 print("Welcome...")
    #                 exit()
    #             else:
    #                 print("过期")
    #                 exit()
    #     else:
    #         count += 1
    #         print("wrong")
    #
    # else:
    #     print("Fail")
    #     data["status"] = 1
    #     with open("1234.json", "w")as fp:
    #         json.dump(data,fp)

    15、最近luffy买了个tesla,通过转账的形式,并且支付了5%的手续费,tesla价格为75万。文件为json,请用程序实现该转账行为。
    需求如下:

    目录结构为

    ├── account │ ├── luffy.json │ └── tesla.json └── bin └── start.py

    当执行start.py时,出现交互窗口

    ------- Luffy Bank --------- 1. 账户信息 2. 转账

    选择1 账户信息 显示luffy的当前账户余额。

    选择2 转账 直接扣掉75万和利息费用并且tesla账户增加75万

    # import os,sys,json
    # from bin.start import deal
    # deal()
    
    account ->_init__:
    import json
    data = {"账户余额":"800000","信用额度":"1000000"}
    
    with open("luffy.json","w")as f:
        json.dump(data,f)
    
    with open("luffy.json","r")as f2:
        d = json.load(f2)
    print(d)
    
    bin -> start.py
    
    import os,json
    from core.withdraw import withdraw1
    
    base_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    base_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, "account")
    luffy_path = os.path.join(base_dir, "luffy.json")
    tsela_path = os.path.join(base_dir, "tsela.json")
    
    
    flag = False
    name, passwd = "alex", "123"
    def confirm(func):
        def conf(*args, **kwargs):
            global flag
            if not flag:
                username = input("name:")
                password = input("password:")
                if name == username and passwd == password:
                    print("Welcome")
                    flag = True
                else:
                    print("Fail")
            else:
                print("login in ")
            if flag:
                func()
        return conf
    
    
    @confirm
    def trans():
        price = 750000
        other = 0.05 * price
        price1 = price + other
        tesla_data = json.load(open(tsela_path, "r", encoding="utf_8"))
        num = int(tesla_data["账户余额"])
        luffy_data = json.load(open(luffy_path, "r", encoding="utf_8"))
        cost = int(luffy_data["账户余额"]) - price1
        num = num + price
        tesla_data["账户余额"] = num
        luffy_data["账户余额"] = cost
        json.dump(tesla_data, open(tsela_path, "w", encoding="utf_8"))
        json.dump(luffy_data, open(luffy_path, "w", encoding="utf_8"))
        print("done")
    
    
    
    def deal():
        info = """
    ------- Luffy Bank ---------
    1.  账户信息
    2.  转账
    ATM与购物商城.  提现
    """
        print(info)
        choice = input("choice num:>")
        if choice == "1":
            f1 = open(luffy_path, "r", encoding="utf-8")
            luffy_data = json.load(f1)
            for i in luffy_data:
                print(i, luffy_data[i])
    
        elif choice == "2":
           trans()
        elif choice == "ATM与购物商城":
            withdraw1()
    

      

    16、对上题增加一个需求:提现。
    目录结构如下

    . ├── account │ └── luffy.json ├── bin │ └── start.py └── core └── withdraw.py

    当执行start.py时,出现交互窗口

    ------- Luffy Bank --------- 1. 账户信息 2. 提现

    选择1 账户信息 显示luffy的当前账户余额和信用额度。

    选择2 提现 提现金额应小于等于信用额度,利息为5%,提现金额为用户自定义。

    尝试把上一章的验证用户登陆的装饰器添加到提现和转账的功能上。

    17、对第15题的用户转账、登录、提现操作均通过logging模块记录日志,日志文件位置如下

    . ├── account │ └── luffy.json ├── bin │ └── start.py └── core | └── withdraw.py └── logs └── bank.log

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fantsaymwq/p/9846848.html
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