编程算法

两个链表的第一个公共结点 代码(C)

本文地址: http://blog.csdn.net/caroline_wendy

题目: 输入两个链表, 找出它们的第一个公共结点.

计算链表的长度, 然后移动较长链表的指针, 使其到同样结点的距离的同样, 再同一时候移动两个链表的指针, 找到同样元素.

时间复杂度: O(n)

代码:

/*
 * main.cpp
 *
 *  Created on: 2014.6.12
 *      Author: Spike
 */

/*eclipse cdt, gcc 4.8.1*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

struct ListNode {
	int m_nKey;
	ListNode* m_pNext;
};

size_t GetListLength (ListNode* pHead) {
	size_t nLength = 0;
	ListNode* pNode = pHead;
	while (pNode != NULL) {
		++nLength;
		pNode = pNode->m_pNext;
	}
	return nLength;
}

ListNode* FindFirstCommonNode(ListNode* pHead1, ListNode* pHead2) {
	size_t nLength1 = GetListLength(pHead1);
	size_t nLength2 = GetListLength(pHead2);
	int nLengthDif = nLength1 - nLength2;
	ListNode* pListHeadLong = pHead1;
	ListNode* pListHeadShort = pHead2;
	if (nLength2 > nLength1) {
		pListHeadLong = pHead2;
		pListHeadShort = pHead1;
		nLengthDif = nLength2 - nLength1;
	}

	for (int i=0; i<nLengthDif; ++i)
		pListHeadLong = pListHeadLong->m_pNext;

	while ((pListHeadLong != NULL) && (pListHeadShort != NULL)
			&& (pListHeadLong != pListHeadShort)) {
		pListHeadLong = pListHeadLong->m_pNext;
		pListHeadShort = pListHeadShort->m_pNext;
	}

	ListNode* pFirstCommonNode = pListHeadLong;
	return pFirstCommonNode;
}

int main(void)
{
	ListNode* pHead1 = new ListNode();
	ListNode* pHead1Node1 = new ListNode();
	ListNode* pHead1Node2 = new ListNode();
	ListNode* pHead1Node3 = new ListNode();
	ListNode* pHead1Node4 = new ListNode();
	pHead1->m_nKey = 1;
	pHead1Node1->m_nKey = 2;
	pHead1Node2->m_nKey = 3;
	pHead1Node3->m_nKey = 6;
	pHead1Node4->m_nKey = 7;
	pHead1->m_pNext = pHead1Node1;
	pHead1Node1->m_pNext = pHead1Node2;
	pHead1Node2->m_pNext = pHead1Node3;
	pHead1Node3->m_pNext = pHead1Node4;
	pHead1Node4->m_pNext = NULL;

	ListNode* pHead2 = new ListNode();
	ListNode* pHead2Node1 = new ListNode();
	pHead2->m_nKey = 4;
	pHead2Node1->m_nKey = 5;
	pHead2->m_pNext = pHead2Node1;
	pHead2Node1->m_pNext = pHead1Node3;

	ListNode* result = FindFirstCommonNode(pHead1, pHead2);
	printf("result = %d
", result->m_nKey);

    return 0;
}

输出:

result = 6