UTC时间:协调世界时,又称为世界统一时间、世界标准时间、国际协调时间,不属于任意时区
time模块
time模块提供一些与时间有关的操作,时间有三种表示方式:
- 时间戳:1970年1月1日之后的秒,即time.time()
- 格式化的字符串:2014-11-11 11:11,即:time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
- 结构化时间:元组包含了:年、日、星期等... time.struct_time 即:time.localtime()
import time print time.time() print time.mktime(time.localtime()) print time.gmtime() #utc时间的struct_time对象格式 print time.localtime() #本地时间的struct_time对象格式
print(time.altzone)#本地时间与utc时间的时间差,以秒计算 print time.strptime('2014-11-11', '%Y-%m-%d') print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') #默认当前时间 print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime()) #默认当前时间 print time.asctime() print time.asctime(time.localtime()) print time.ctime(time.time())
time.sleep(5) #程序终止5秒
datatime模块
import datetime ''' datetime.date:表示日期的类。常用的属性有year, month, day datetime.time:表示时间的类。常用的属性有hour, minute, second, microsecond datetime.datetime:表示日期时间 datetime.timedelta:表示时间间隔,即两个时间点之间的长度 timedelta([days[, seconds[, microseconds[, milliseconds[, minutes[, hours[, weeks]]]]]]]) strftime("%Y-%m-%d") '''print datetime.datetime.now() print datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=5)
格式化占位符
%Y Year with century as a decimal number. %m Month as a decimal number [01,12]. %d Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31]. %H Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23]. %M Minute as a decimal number [00,59]. %S Second as a decimal number [00,61]. %z Time zone offset from UTC. %a Locale's abbreviated weekday name. %A Locale's full weekday name. %b Locale's abbreviated month name. %B Locale's full month name. %c Locale's appropriate date and time representation. %I Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12]. %p Locale's equivalent of either AM or PM.
例程
#程序终止5秒
import time print('start to sleep...') time.sleep(5)#程序终止5秒 print('wake up!')
print(time.time())
输出结果为:1523504246.5461433,输出时间戳
print(time.ctime())
返回系统当前时间,也可以把时间戳转换成字符串格式
输出结果为:Thu Apr 12 11:38:46 2018
print(time.ctime(time.time())) print(time.gmtime(time.time()))#返回struct_time格式时间 t = time.gmtime(time.time()) print(t)
print('%s-%s-%s'%(t.tm_year,t.tm_mon,t.tm_mday))
输出结果为:
Thu Apr 12 11:40:32 2018
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=4, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=3, tm_min=40, tm_sec=32, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=102, tm_isdst=0)
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=4, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=3, tm_min=40, tm_sec=32, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=102, tm_isdst=0)
2018-4-12
print(time.localtime()) print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime()))#将struct_time格式转换为指定格式 print(time.strptime('2018-3-26','%Y-%m-%d')) #time.strptime()将字符串格式转换为struct_time格式
输出结果为:
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=4, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=11, tm_min=42, tm_sec=37, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=102, tm_isdst=0)
2018-04-12 11:42:37
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=26, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=85, tm_isdst=-1)