一:ssh免密登录:
1)vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config去掉注释或添加
RSAAuthentcation yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
# Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m #PermitRootLogin yes #StrictModes yes #MaxAuthTries 6 #MaxSessions 10 RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes
2)生成密钥:
ssh-keygen -t rsa
3)复制到公钥中:
cp /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
4)将密钥复制到目标服务器:
ssh-copy-id 目标服务器ip
scp -p ./id_rsa.pub root@192.168.8.213:/root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.214
cat id_dsa.pub.214 >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
可以把目标机的id_dsa.pub添加到本机authorized_keys文件实现免密登陆
5)编辑hosts对应文件:
vim /etc/hosts
6)测试:
ssh 目标服务器hostname或者ip
二:安装JDK
2.1)卸载系统自带的OpenJDK及相关组件:
java -version
rpm -qa | grep java
包含noarch的不删
rpm -e --nodeps java.....
java -version (确认是否删除)
2.2)下载JDK
http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/10.0.1+10/fb4372174a714e6b8c52526dc134031e/jdk-10.0.1_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
2.3)解压JDK
tar -zxvf jdk...tar.gz -c /usr/local/java
2.4)配置JDK环境变量
vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
三:安装hadoop:
1)下载hadoop:
注意下载:binary
wget http://www-eu.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-3.0.3/hadoop-3.0.3.tar.gz
2)解压安装:
cp /root/hadoop-3.0.3-tar.gz /usr/local/hadoop/
cd /usr/local/hadoop
tar -zxvf hadoop-3.0.3-tar.gz
3)修改环境变量:
vim /etc/profile
在结尾加入:
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
保存后退出: :qw
重新加载: source /etc/profile
4)测试hadoop安装情况:
hadoop version
四:搭建伪分布:
特点:不具备HDFS,只能测试MapRaduce
进入hadoop目录:cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
修改hadoop-env.sh中 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
测试Ddemo:$JAVA_HOME/share/hadoop/mappreduce/
hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.0.3.jar 单词数量统计工具
mkdir -p /usr/local/data/input/
mkdir -p /usr/local/data/output/
vim /usr/local/data/input/data.txt
I LOVE BEIJING
I LOVE CHINA
BEIJING IS THE CAPITAL OF CHINA
cd /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce
执行:
hadoop jar hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.0.3.jar wordcount /usr/local/data/input/data.txt /usr/local/data/output/wc
hadoop jar /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.0.3.jar wordcount /usr/local/data/input/data.txt /usr/local/data/output/wc
输出日志:
2018-06-18 12:57:23,440 INFO mapreduce.Job: map 100% reduce 100%
cd /usr/local/data/output/wc/
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 55 6月 18 12:57 part-r-00000
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 6月 18 12:57 _SUCCESS
vim part-r-00000
BEIJING 2
CAPITAL 1
CHINA 2
I 2
IS 1
LOVE 2
OF 1
THE 1
mapreduce按字典顺序排序
五:伪分布模式:
具备hadoop的所有功能,在单机上可以模拟一个分布式环境:
HDFS:主:NameNode;数据节点:DataNode
Yarn:容器,运行MapReduce
主节点:ResourceManager
从节点:NodeManager
5.1)配置hdfs-site.xml
cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/
vim hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<!--namenode上存储hdfs名字空间元数据-->
<property>
<name>dfs.name.dir</name>
<value>/usr/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>
</property>
<!--datanode上数据块的物理存储位置-->
<property>
<name>dfs.data.dir</name>
<value>/usr/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>
</property>
<!--配置冗余度-->
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<!--配置是否有检查权限-->
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
</configuration>
5.2)配置core-site.xml 文件
vim core-site.xml
<configuration>
<!--配置HDFS的NameNode-->
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://192.168.8.214:9000</value>
</property>
<!--配置HDFS的DataNode保存数据的路径-->
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>
</configuration>
5.3)配置mapred-site.xml
vim mapred-site.xml
<configuration> <!--配置mapreduce运行的框架--> <property> <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name> <value>yarn</value> </property> </configuration>
5.4)配置yarn-site.xml
vim yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<!--配置ResourceManager运行的IP-->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>192.168.8.214</value>
</property>
<!--配置NodeManager执行任务的方式-->
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<!--配置mr管理界面的登录接口-->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
<value>192.168.8.214:8099</value>
</property>
</configuration>
5.5)格式化 NameNode
hdfs namenode -format
输出:
INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
为格式化成功!
5.6)增加用户定义:cd /usr/local/hadoop/sbin
vim start-dfs.sh
vim stop-dfs.sh
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=hdfs HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root
如以上报错
WARNING: HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER has been replaced by HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER. Using value of HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER.
则用:
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=hdfs
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root
不修改会报错:ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs namenode as root
5.7)增加用户定义:cd /usr/local/hadoop/sbin
vim start-yarn.sh
vim stop-yarn.sh
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root
不修改会报错:ERROR: Attempting to operate on yarn resourcemanager as root
5.8)启动:
start-all.sh
HDFS:存储数据
Yarn:执行计算
5.9)访问:
命令行
Java API
Web Console:
HDFS:http://192.168.8.214:50070
Yarn:http://192.168.8.214:8088
如果发现不能访问50070端口,可进行如下设置
vi /etc/selinux/config
修改: # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=enforcing 为: # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. #SELINUX=enforcing SELINUX=disabled
设置默认访问端口:
cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop
vim maperd-site.xml 添加:
<property> <name>mapred.job.tracker.http.address</name> <value>192.168.8.214:50030</value> </property> <property> <name>mapred.task.tracker.http.address</name> <value>192.168.8.214:50060</value> </property>
vim hdfs-site.xml 添加:
<property> <name>dfs.http.address</name> <value>192.168.8.214:50070</value> </property>
然后停止所有进程:
stop-all.sh
删除name、data文件夹下数据:
rm -rf /usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/data/*
rm -rf /usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name/*
重新格式化:
hdfs namenode -format
重新启动后访问正常:
start-all.sh
执行:jps 有如下输出为正常:
NodeManager
Jps
DataNode
NameNode
SecondaryNameNode
ResourceManager
浏览器访问:192.168.8.214:50070
参阅:
http://study.163.com/course/courseLearn.htm?courseId=1005536048#/learn/video?lessonId=1052769176&courseId=1005536048
https://blog.csdn.net/maiduiyizu/article/details/79605510
https://blog.csdn.net/coffeeandice/article/details/78879151
https://blog.csdn.net/u013725455/article/details/70147331