地址 https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/design-add-and-search-words-data-structure/
请你设计一个数据结构,支持 添加新单词 和 查找字符串是否与任何先前添加的字符串匹配 。
实现词典类 WordDictionary :
WordDictionary() 初始化词典对象
void addWord(word) 将 word 添加到数据结构中,之后可以对它进行匹配
bool search(word) 如果数据结构中存在字符串与 word 匹配,则返回 true ;
否则,返回 false 。word 中可能包含一些 '.' ,每个 . 都可以表示任何一个字母。
示例:
输入:
["WordDictionary","addWord","addWord","addWord","search","search","search","search"]
[[],["bad"],["dad"],["mad"],["pad"],["bad"],[".ad"],["b.."]]
输出:
[null,null,null,null,false,true,true,true]
解释:
WordDictionary wordDictionary = new WordDictionary();
wordDictionary.addWord("bad");
wordDictionary.addWord("dad");
wordDictionary.addWord("mad");
wordDictionary.search("pad"); // return False
wordDictionary.search("bad"); // return True
wordDictionary.search(".ad"); // return True
wordDictionary.search("b.."); // return True
提示:
1 <= word.length <= 500
addWord 中的 word 由小写英文字母组成
search 中的 word 由 '.' 或小写英文字母组成
最多调用 50000 次 addWord 和 search
解答
类似208,这题同样适用trie前缀树记录和搜索字符串
唯一不同的是,遇到'.'字符,需要遍历搜索该节点下所有可能的后继字符串
class WordDictionary {
public:
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
struct NODE {
char l;
bool wordFinish;
struct NODE* next[26];
};
struct NODE* root;
WordDictionary() {
root = new struct NODE();
}
void addWord(string word) {
struct NODE* curr = root;
for (int i = 0; i < word.size(); i++) {
char c = word[i];
if (curr->next[c - 'a'] == NULL) {
curr->next[c - 'a'] = new struct NODE();
}
curr = curr->next[c - 'a'];
curr->l = c;
if (i == word.size() - 1) {
curr->wordFinish = true;
}
}
}
bool searchInner(struct NODE* curr, string word, int idx) {
if (idx >= word.size()) { return false; }
char c = word[idx];
if (c == '.') {
for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
c = 'a' + i;
if (curr->next[c - 'a'] != NULL) {
struct NODE* old = curr;
curr = curr->next[c - 'a'];
if (idx == word.size() - 1 && curr->wordFinish == true) return true;
if (searchInner(curr, word, idx + 1)) return true;
curr = old;
}
}
return false;
}
else {
if (curr->next[c - 'a'] == NULL) return false;
else {
curr = curr->next[c - 'a'];
if (idx == word.size()-1 && curr->wordFinish == true) return true;
return searchInner(curr,word,idx+1);
}
}
return false;
}
bool search(string word) {
struct NODE* curr = root;
return searchInner(curr,word,0);
}
};