微信平台接入web页面功能接口
今年因工作需要，通过微信平台接入公司的Wap页面，回忆下，记录内容，方面以后使用。
1.成为开发者后，你才可以使用公众平台的开发功能。需要填写URL和ToKen,接口配置信息。
2.服务器端开发如下接口，等待微信服务器调用。
URL：
用来接收微信服务器数据的接口URL，
http://192.168.0.199/weixin/****.ashx（该地址不固定，可以由后台开发者根据实际情况自己拟定，但只支持80端口）
Token：
开发者可以任意拟定，已备用作生成签名（该Token会和接口URL中包含的Token进行比对，从而验证安全性）。
请求方式：
Get
接收参数：
|
参数 |
描述 |
|
signature |
微信加密签名，signature结合了开发者填写的token参数和请求中的timestamp参数、nonce参数。 |
|
timestamp |
时间戳 |
|
nonce |
随机数 |
|
echostr |
随机字符串 |
响应微信服务器：
开发者通过检验signature对请求进行校验（下面有校验方式）。若确认此次GET请求来自微信服务器，请原样返回echostr参数内容，则接入生效，否则接入失败。
加密/校验流程如下：
|
1. 将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典序排序 2. 将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密 3. 开发者获得加密后的字符串可与signature对比，标识该请求来源于微信 |
3. 在公众平台网站的高级功能 – 开发模式页，点击“成为开发者”按钮，填写URL和Token。提交信息后，微信服务器将发送GET请求到填写的URL上，进行接入验证。
4.C#代码
object signature = context.Request.QueryString["signature"]; object timestamp = context.Request.QueryString["timestamp"]; object nonce = context.Request.QueryString["nonce"]; object echoStr = context.Request.QueryString["echoStr"]; if (signature != null && signature.ToString() != "" && timestamp != null && timestamp.ToString() != "" && nonce != null && nonce.ToString() != "" && echoStr != null && echoStr.ToString() != "") { CheckSignature(signature.ToString(), timestamp.ToString(), nonce.ToString(), echoStr.ToString(), token); } /// <summary> /// 验证微信 字典排序后 返回随机数 /// </summary> /// 将token、timestamp、nonce三个参数进行字典排序 /// 将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串sha1加密 /// 获取加密后的字符串可与signature 对比 如果为true则返回随数 /// <returns></returns> private void CheckSignature(string signature, string timestamp, string nonce, string echoStr, string Token) { string[] ArrTmp = { Token, timestamp, nonce }; Array.Sort(ArrTmp); //首º¡Á先¨¨字Á?典Ì?排?序¨° string tmpStr = string.Join("", ArrTmp); tmpStr = FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(tmpStr, "SHA1"); //sha1 tmpStr = tmpStr.ToLower(); if (tmpStr == signature) { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(echoStr)) { System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(echoStr); System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); } } }
5.验证通过后，就可以得到appid 和secret参数了
6.创建菜单
（1）目前自定义菜单最多包括3个一级菜单，每个一级菜单最多包含5个二级菜单。一级菜单最多4个汉字，二级菜单最多7个汉字，多出来的部分将会以“...”代替。请注意，创建自定义菜单后，由于微信客户端缓存，需要24小时微信客户端才会展现出来。建议测试时可以尝试取消关注公众账号后再次关注，则可以看到创建后的效果。
目前自定义菜单接口可实现两种类型按钮，如下：
click：
用户点击click类型按钮后，微信服务器会通过消息接口推送消息类型为event 的结构给开发者（参考消息接口指南），并且带上按钮中开发者填写的key值，开发者可以通过自定义的key值与用户进行交互；
view：
用户点击view类型按钮后，微信客户端将会打开开发者在按钮中填写的url值 （即网页链接），达到打开网页的目的，建议与网页授权获取用户基本信息接口结合，获得用户的登入个人信息。
（2）示例：
接口调用请求说明
http请求方式：POST（请使用https协议）
https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN
请求示例
{
"button":[ {
"type":"click", "name":"今日歌曲", "key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC" }, {
"type":"click", "name":"歌手简介", "key":"V1001_TODAY_SINGER" }, {
"name":"菜单", "sub_button":[ {
"type":"view", "name":"搜索", "url":"http://www.soso.com/" }, {
"type":"view", "name":"视频", "url":"http://v.qq.com/" }, {
"type":"click", "name":"赞一下我们", "key":"V1001_GOOD" }] }] } |
参数说明
|
参数 |
是否必须 |
说明 |
|
button |
是 |
一级菜单数组，个数应为1~3个 |
|
sub_button |
否 |
二级菜单数组，个数应为1~5个 |
|
type |
是 |
菜单的响应动作类型，目前有click、view两种类型 |
|
name |
是 |
菜单标题，不超过16个字节，子菜单不超过40个字节 |
|
key |
click类型必须 |
菜单KEY值，用于消息接口推送，不超过128字节 |
|
url |
view类型必须 |
网页链接，用户点击菜单可打开链接，不超过256字节 |
返回结果
正确时的返回JSON数据包如下：
{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}
错误时的返回JSON数据包如下（示例为无效菜单名长度）：
{"errcode":40018,"errmsg":"invalid button name size"}
（3）代码
/// <summary> ///创建菜单 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> protected void btnCreateMenu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string postUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token={0}"; postUrl = string.Format(postUrl, GetAccessToken()); string menuInfo = getMenuInfo(); lblResult.Text = "结¨¢果?：êo" + PostWebRequest(postUrl, menuInfo); } /// <summary> /// 获取微信 access_token /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> protected string GetAccessToken() { string accessToken = string.Empty; string getUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={0}&secret={1}"; getUrl = string.Format(getUrl, "你的appid", "你的secret"); Uri uri = new Uri(getUrl); HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); webReq.Method = "POST"; //获取返回信息 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse(); StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); string returnJason = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer(); Dictionary<string, object> json = (Dictionary<string, object>)serializer.DeserializeObject(returnJason); object value; if (json.TryGetValue("access_token", out value)) { accessToken = value.ToString(); } return accessToken; } /// <summary> ///菜单内容 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private string getMenuInfo() { //现暂时写死 string menu = "{" + ""button":[" + "{" + ""name":"服务"," + ""sub_button":[" + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"更多服务"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid= appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=6&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=6#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"更多服务1"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=10&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=10#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":" 更多服务2"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=11&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=11#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"更多服务3"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=6&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=6#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"更多服务4 "," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=6&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=6#wechat_redirect"" + "}]}," + "{" + ""name":"业务"," + ""sub_button":[" + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"业务1"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=5&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=5#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"业务2"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=6&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=6#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"业务3"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=7&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=7#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"业务4"," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=8&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=8#wechat_redirect"" + "}]" + "}," + "{" + ""name":"办理"," + ""sub_button":[" + "{" + ""type":"view"," + ""name":"办理1 "," + ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=14&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=14#wechat_redirect"" + "}," + "{"+ ""type":"view","+ ""name":"办理2","+ ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=1&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=1#wechat_redirect"" + "},"+ "{"+ ""type":"view","+ ""name":"办理3","+ ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=2&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=2#wechat_redirect"" + "},"+ "{"+ ""type":"view","+ ""name":"办理4","+ ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=3&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=3#wechat_redirect"" + "},"+ "{"+ ""type":"view","+ ""name":"办理5","+ ""url":"https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=appid&redirect_uri=http://192.168.0.199/weixin/WeixinCommon.ashx?action=4&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=4#wechat_redirect"" + "}]}]}"; return menu; } /// <summary> /// 写入 /// </summary> /// <param name="postUrl"></param> /// <param name="menuInfo"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string PostWebRequest(string postUrl, string menuInfo) { string returnValue = string.Empty; try { byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(menuInfo); Uri uri = new Uri(postUrl); HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); webReq.Method = "POST"; webReq.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; webReq.ContentLength = byteData.Length; //定义Stream信息 Stream stream = webReq.GetRequestStream(); stream.Write(byteData, 0, byteData.Length); stream.Close(); //获取返回信息 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse(); StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); returnValue = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); //关闭 streamReader.Close(); response.Close(); stream.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { lblResult.Text = ex.ToString(); } return returnValue; } /// <summary> ///删除菜单 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> protected void btnDeleteMenu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string postUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/delete?access_token={0}"; postUrl = string.Format(postUrl, GetAccessToken()); string menuInfo = getMenuInfo(); lblResult.Text = "结¨¢果?：êo" + PostWebRequest(postUrl, menuInfo); } Aspx视图中 <asp:Button ID="btnCreateMenu" runat="server" Text="创ä¡ä建¡§菜?单Ì£¤" onclick="btnCreateMenu_Click" /> <asp:Button ID="btnDeleteMenu" runat="server" Text="删¦?除y菜?单Ì£¤" onclick="btnDeleteMenu_Click" /> <asp:Label ID="lblResult" runat="server" Text="结¨¢果?"></asp:Label> </form>
7.接口逻辑操作 统一接口
（1）菜单也可以为：
""type":"click"," +
""name":"快乐每一天"," +
""key":"yc_jbcg""+
以xml文本形式传递参数
（2）代码
/// <summary> /// 微信统一接口 /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> //string postStr = ""; HttpContext context; public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { string getStr = ""; //接收参数 this.context = context; Stream s = context.Request.InputStream; //获取传入的stream byte[] b = new byte[s.Length]; s.Read(b, 0, (int)s.Length); getStr = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(b); Common.Log.WriteLog("接口记录每次微信请求信?息:" + getStr); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(getStr)) { responseMsg(getStr,context); } } public void responseMsg(string postStr,HttpContext context) { try { System.Xml.XmlDocument postObj = new System.Xml.XmlDocument(); postObj.LoadXml(postStr); //Common.Log.WriteLog("responseMsg:-------" + postStr); var FromUserNameList = postObj.GetElementsByTagName("FromUserName"); string FromUserName = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < FromUserNameList.Count; i++) { if (FromUserNameList[i].ChildNodes[0].NodeType == System.Xml.XmlNodeType.CDATA) { FromUserName = FromUserNameList[i].ChildNodes[0].Value; //Common.Log.WriteLog("FromUserName:-------" + FromUserName); } } var toUsernameList = postObj.GetElementsByTagName("ToUserName"); string ToUserName = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < toUsernameList.Count; i++) { if (toUsernameList[i].ChildNodes[0].NodeType == System.Xml.XmlNodeType.CDATA) { ToUserName = toUsernameList[i].ChildNodes[0].Value; //Common.Log.WriteLog("ToUserName:-------" + ToUserName); } } var toMsgTypeList = postObj.GetElementsByTagName("MsgType"); string toMsgType = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < toMsgTypeList.Count; i++) { if (toMsgTypeList[i].ChildNodes[0].NodeType == System.Xml.XmlNodeType.CDATA) { toMsgType = toMsgTypeList[i].ChildNodes[0].Value; //Common.Log.WriteLog("toMsgType:-------" + toMsgType); } } var keywordList = postObj.GetElementsByTagName("Content"); string Content = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < keywordList.Count; i++) { if (keywordList[i].ChildNodes[0].NodeType == System.Xml.XmlNodeType.CDATA) { Content = keywordList[i].ChildNodes[0].Value; } } var textpl = ""; if (toMsgType == "text") { var time = DateTime.Now; textpl = "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[" + FromUserName + "]]></ToUserName>" + "<FromUserName><![CDATA[" + ToUserName + "]]></FromUserName>" + "<CreateTime>" + ConvertDateTimeInt(DateTime.Now) + "</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>" + "<Content><![CDATA[您好，欢迎观看]]></Content><FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag></xml>"; } else if (toMsgType == "event") { var toEventList = postObj.GetElementsByTagName("Event"); string toEvent = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < toEventList.Count; i++) { if (toEventList[i].ChildNodes[0].NodeType == System.Xml.XmlNodeType.CDATA) { toEvent = toEventList[i].ChildNodes[0].Value; //Common.Log.WriteLog("toEvent:-------" + toEvent); } } var toEventKeyList = postObj.GetElementsByTagName("EventKey"); string toEventKey = string.Empty; for (int i = 0; i < toEventKeyList.Count; i++) { if (toEventKeyList[i].ChildNodes[0].NodeType == System.Xml.XmlNodeType.CDATA) { toEventKey = toEventKeyList[i].ChildNodes[0].Value; //Common.Log.WriteLog("toEventKey:-------" + toEventKey); } } //只有两个 暂时写 if (toEvent.ToLower() == "click" && toEventKey.ToLower() == "yc_jbcg") { string ResultStr = JCBindCarownerId(FromUserName, context); var time = DateTime.Now; textpl = "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[" + FromUserName + "]]></ToUserName>" + "<FromUserName><![CDATA[" + ToUserName + "]]></FromUserName>" + "<CreateTime>" + ConvertDateTimeInt(DateTime.Now) + "</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>" + "<Content><![CDATA[" + ResultStr + "]]></Content><FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag></xml>"; } if (toEvent.ToLower() == "click" && toEventKey.ToLower() == "yc_pm") { string Scontent="欢迎光临，请登录MyTaobao查看"; textpl = "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[" + FromUserName + "]]></ToUserName>" + "<FromUserName><![CDATA[" + ToUserName + "]]></FromUserName>" + "<CreateTime>" + ConvertDateTimeInt(DateTime.Now) + "</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>" + "<Content><![CDATA[" + Scontent + "]]></Content><FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag></xml>"; } if (toEvent.ToLower() == "subscribe") { var time = DateTime.Now; textpl = "<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[" + FromUserName + "]]></ToUserName>" + "<FromUserName><![CDATA[" + ToUserName + "]]></FromUserName>" + "<CreateTime>" + ConvertDateTimeInt(DateTime.Now) + "</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>" + "<Content><![CDATA[您好?感D谢关注官方微信]]></Content><FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag></xml> "; } else if (toEvent.ToLower() == "unsubscribe") { } } //Common.Log.WriteLog("textpl:-------" + textpl); System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(textpl); } catch (Exception ex) { Common.Log.WriteLog("微信统一接口错误信息：" + ex.Message); } } private int ConvertDateTimeInt(System.DateTime time) { System.DateTime startTime = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToLocalTime(new System.DateTime(1970, 1, 1)); return (int)(time - startTime).TotalSeconds; }
8.Get请求
（1）接收信息 获取用户唯一openid
/// <summary> /// 微信统一接口 /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param> public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { #region 保存每次微信请求信息 Uri Url = context.Request.Url; //获取url连接 Common.Log.WriteLog("WeixinCommon接口记录每次微信请求具体信息:" + Url); #endregion object action = context.Request.QueryString["action"]; //action 区分用户点击的内容 object code = context.Request.QueryString["code"]; //code string appid = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["appid"]; //appid string secret = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["secret"]; //secret if (action != null && action.ToString() != "" && code != null && code.ToString() != "") { StringBuilder postUrl = new StringBuilder(); postUrl.AppendFormat("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid={0}&secret={1}&code={2}&grant_type=authorization_code", appid, secret, code); string openid = PostWebRequest(postUrl.ToString()); //Common.Log.WriteLog("openid Common页°3面?：êo" + openid); PostWebPageByopenId(Convert.ToInt32(action), openid, context); } else { action = action==null ? "null" : action; code = code == null ? "null" : code; Common.Log.WriteLog("action==" + (string.IsNullOrEmpty(action.ToString())? "null" : action) + "\code=" +( string.IsNullOrEmpty(code.ToString())? "null" : code)); } } /// <summary> /// 根据url请求openid /// </summary> /// <param name="postUrl"></param> /// <param name="menuInfo"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string PostWebRequest(string postUrl) { string returnValue = string.Empty; try { Uri uri = new Uri(postUrl); HttpWebRequest webReq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); webReq.Method = "POST"; webReq.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; //获取返回信息 HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)webReq.GetResponse(); StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); returnValue = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer(); Dictionary<string, object> json = (Dictionary<string, object>)serializer.DeserializeObject(returnValue); object value; if (json.TryGetValue("openid", out value)) { returnValue = value.ToString(); } if (returnValue.Contains("errcode")) returnValue = ""; return returnValue; } catch (Exception ex) { Common.Log.WriteLog("微信返回内容信息" + ex); } return returnValue; }
(2)业务处理
/// <summary> /// 根据条件，判断用户选择的页面 /// </summary> /// <param name="action">页面参数</param> private void PostWebPageByopenId(int action,string openid,HttpContext context) { string strwhere = " openid='" + openid + "'"; BLL.WeiXin wxbll = new BLL.WeiXin(); IList< Model.WeiXin> wxList = wxbll.GetModelList(strwhere); if (wxList.Count > 0) { try { context.Session["openid"] = wxList[0].OpenID; Model.TemUser Usermodel = new BLL.TemUser().GetUser(Convert.ToInt32(wxList[0].Userid)); context.Session["CarUser"] = Usermodel; context.Session["UserLogin"] = true; } catch (Exception ex) { Common.Log.WriteLog("微信接口错误信息" + ex.Message); } } else { context.Response.Redirect("/Login.aspx?openid=" + openid); return; } // } switch (action) { case 1: context.Response.Redirect("/myFuWu.aspx"); break; case 2: context.Response.Redirect("/myYeWu.aspx"); break; default: context.Response.Redirect("/Login.aspx?openid=" + openid); break; } }
(3)页面做相应功能处理 大概功能流程如下图
