• LeetCode之二叉树作题java


    100. Same Tree 

    Total Accepted: 127501 Total Submissions: 294584 Difficulty: Easy

    Given two binary trees, write a function to check if they are equal or not.

    Two binary trees are considered equal if they are structurally identical and the nodes have the same value.

    class TreeNode {
        int val;
        TreeNode left;
        TreeNode right;
        TreeNode(int x) {
            val = x; 
        }
    }
     //递归调用,首先判断是否都是空,如果是,则返回true,否则若都不为空,则分两步
    //走,如果根节点值相同,则看两者的左节点是否一样,再看右节点,若有不同,则返回false;
    //还有就是其他情况:两树中有一树为空的情况,直接返回false
    public class Solution { public boolean isSameTree(TreeNode root1, TreeNode root2){ if(root1==null&&root2==null) return true; while(root1!=null&&root2!=null){ if(root1.val==root2.val){ return isSameTree(root1.left, root2.left)&&isSameTree(root1.right, root2.right); }else{ return false; } } return false; } }

    101. Symmetric Tree

    Given a binary tree, check whether it is a mirror of itself (ie, symmetric around its center).

    For example, this binary tree is symmetric:

        1
       / 
      2   2
     /  / 
    3  4 4  3
    

    But the following is not:

        1
       / 
      2   2
          
       3    3
    

    Note:
    Bonus points if you could solve it both recursively and iteratively.

    minimum-depth-of-binary-tree

    题目描述

    Given a binary tree, find its minimum depth.The minimum depth is the number of nodes along the shortest path from the root node down to the nearest leaf node.

    思路:与求二叉树的深度类似,求二叉树的深度,主要是求二叉树的最长路径,此处求二叉树的最短路径,思路如下:

      1.当root=null时,直接return 0;

      2.当root.left=null且root.right=null时,直接return 1;

      3.当root.left=null或者root.right=null时,递归调用(返回右子树最小长度)run(root.right)+1或(返回左子树最小长度)run(root.left)+1;

      4.最后root.left!=null且root.right!=null时,返回左子树和右子树的最小路径长度;

    public class Solution {
        public int run(TreeNode root) {
            if(root==null)
                return 0;
            if(root.left==null&&root.right==null)
                return 1;
            if(root.left==null)
                return run(root.right)+1;
            if(root.right==null)
                return run(root.left)+1;
            return Math.min(run(root.left),run(root.right))+1;
        }
    }
    binary-tree-postorder-traversal

    Given a binary tree, return the postorder traversal of its nodes' values.

    For example:
    Given binary tree{1,#,2,3},

       1
        
         2
        /
       3
    

    return[3,2,1].

    Note: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?

     考察二叉树的后序遍历:

    非递归思路:使用栈来作为辅助

      思路一:stack作为缓冲,保存左右孩子节点,stack1作为最终保存结果;

        1.当root为空,直接返回空;

        2.当root不为空时,当root入栈stack,直接出栈stack,如果该节点没有左右孩子,直接将该节点入栈stack1,最后出栈;

        3.如果该节点有左右孩子,将其左右孩子依次入栈stack,保存访问过的节点,重复上面的过程,保证每次取栈顶的元素,左孩子在右孩子前面被访问,左孩子和右孩子都在根节点前面被访问。

    /**
     * Definition for binary tree
     * public class TreeNode {
     *     int val;
     *     TreeNode left;
     *     TreeNode right;
     *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
     * }
     */
    import java.util.*;
    public class Solution {
        public ArrayList<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
            ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
            if(root==null)
                return list;
            Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<TreeNode>();
            Stack<TreeNode> stack2 = new Stack<TreeNode>();
            stack.push(root);
            while(!stack.empty()){
                TreeNode curNode = stack.pop();
                if(curNode.left!=null){
                    stack.push(curNode.left);
                }
                if(curNode.right!=null){
                    stack.push(curNode.right);
                }
                stack2.push(curNode);
            }
            while(!stack2.empty()){
                list.add(stack2.pop().val);
            }
            return list;
        }
        
    }

      思路二:对于任一结点P,将其入栈,然后沿其左子树一直往下搜索,直到搜索到没有左孩子的结点,此时该结点出现在栈顶,但是此时不能将其出栈并访问,因此其右孩子还为被访问。所以接下来按照相同的规则对其右子树进行相同的处理,当访问完其右孩子时,该结点又出现在栈顶,此时可以将其出栈并访问。这样就保证了正确的访问顺序。可以看出,在这个过程中,每个结点都两次出现在栈顶,只有在第二次出现在栈顶时,才能访问它。因此需要多设置一个变量标识该结点是否是第一次出现在栈顶。

    递归思路:

      1.递归遍历左子树;

      2.递归遍历右子树;

      3.输出根节点;

    /**
     * Definition for binary tree
     * public class TreeNode {
     *     int val;
     *     TreeNode left;
     *     TreeNode right;
     *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
     * }
     */
    import java.util.*;
    public class Solution {
        public ArrayList<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
            ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
            postorderTraversalHelper(root,list);
            return list;
        }
        public void postorderTraversalHelper(TreeNode root, ArrayList<Integer> list){
            if(root==null)
                return;
            postorderTraversalHelper(root.left,list);
            postorderTraversalHelper(root.right,list);
            list.add(root.val);
        }
    }
    binary-tree-preorder-traversal

    Given a binary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes' values.

    For example:
    Given binary tree{1,#,2,3},

       1
        
         2
        /
       3
    

    return[1,2,3].

    Note: Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?

    /**
     * Definition for binary tree
     * public class TreeNode {
     *     int val;
     *     TreeNode left;
     *     TreeNode right;
     *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
     * }
     */
    import java.util.*;
    
    public class Solution {
        public ArrayList<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
            ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
            preorderTraversalHelper(root, list);
            return list;
        }
        public void preorderTraversalHelper(TreeNode root, ArrayList<Integer> list){
            if(root==null)
                return;
            list.add(root.val);
            preorderTraversalHelper(root.left,list);
            preorderTraversalHelper(root.right,list);
        }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/coffy/p/5475671.html
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