http://openmaniak.com/quagga_case2.php
1. CASE PRINCIPLE
In this second case study, we will see an example where two Desktops are connected between each other through two routers, one Cisco 2651 router and one Quagga router.
The routers use the OSPF dynamic routing protocol to advertise the IP networks.
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Functionalities tested: (click on the web links to have more details about a protocol)  Interface settings
OSPF - backbone area
Telnet access |
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You must set your Linux system correctly to launch Quagga successfully. See the Quagga tutorial for assisstance. |
LINUX CONFIGURATIONSCheck that the zebra and ospfd daemons are activated:
| #vim /etc/quagga/daemons |
bgpd=no
ospfd=yes
ospf6d=no
ripd=no
ripngd=no
isisd=no
If you changed your daemons file, restart the quagga service:
| #/etc/init.d/quagga restart |
Removing all routes made by zebra.
Nothing to flush.
Loading capability module if not yet done.
Starting Quagga daemons (prio:10): zebra ospfd.
Set the router hostname in the /etc/quagga/vtysh.conf file:
| #vim /etc/quagga/vtysh.conf |
! Sample
!
! service integrated-vtysh-config
hostname quagga-router
username root nopassword
!
Don't forget to activate the ip forwarding on the Quagga router!
ROUTERS CONFIGURATIONS| CISCO ROUTER IOS: 122-23a | QUAGGA ROUTER 0.99.6 |
| interface FastEthernet0/0 description link to Vyatta router ip address 200.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 |
interface eth0 description link to Cisco router ip address 200.0.0.1/24 link-detect |
| interface FastEthernet0/1 description link to Desktop A ip address 10.1.0.2 255.255.255.0 |
interface eth1 description link to Desktop B ip address 10.2.0.1/24 link-detect |
| interface Loopback1 ip address 10.200.1.1 255.255.255.255 |
interface lo ip address 10.200.1.2/32 link-detect |
| router ospf 1 network 10.1.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 10.200.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 200.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 |
router ospf network 10.2.0.0/24 area 0 network 10.200.1.2/32 area 0 network 200.0.0.0/24 area 0 |
| hostname cisco | hostname quagga-router |
| line vty 0 4 no login |
line vty no login |
| enable secret password | enable password password |
| Desktop A | Desktop B | ||
| ip address: subnet mask: gateway: |
10.1.0.3 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.2 Screenshot |
ip address: subnet mask: gateway: |
10.2.0.3 255.255.255.0 10.2.0.2 Screenshot |
2651 Cisco router
Quagga router
You can use a Cisco 3750 L3 switch instead of the 2651 Cisco router:
3750 switch L3
4. SHOW COMMANDS ROUTING TABLE
quagga-router#show ip route
| Codes: | K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF, | |
| I - ISIS, B - BGP, > - selected route, * - FIB route | ||
| C>* | 200.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, eth0 | |
| C>* | 10.2.0.0/24 is directly connected, eth1 | |
| C>* | 127.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, lo | |
| C>* | 10.200.1.2/32 is directly connected, lo | |
| O | 10.2.0.0/24 [110/10] is directly connected, eth0, 05:45:59 | |
| O | 200.0.0.0/24 [110/10] is directly connected, eth0, 05:53:20 | |
| O | 10.200.1.2/32 [110/10] is directly connected, lo, 05:43:00 | |
| O>* | 10.1.0.0/24 [110/11] via 200.0.0.2, eth0, 00:16:27 | |
| O>* | 10.200.1.1/32 [110/11] via 200.0.0.2, eth0, 05:53:10 | |
| Destination | Gateway | Genmask | Flags | Metric | Ref | Use | Iface |
| 10.200.1.1 | 200.0.0.2 | 255.255.255.255 | UGH | 11 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| 10.2.0.0 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.0 | U | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth1 |
| 10.1.0.0 | 200.0.0.2 | 255.255.255.0 | UG | 11 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| 200.0.0.0 | 0.0.0.0 | 255.255.255.0 | U | 0 | 0 | 0 | eth0 |
| Codes: | C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP | |
| D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area | ||
| N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 | ||
| E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP | ||
| i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 | ||
| ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route | ||
| o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route | ||
| Gateway of last resort is not set | ||
| C | 200.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 | |
| 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks | ||
| O | 10.2.0.0/24 [110/11] via 200.0.0.1, 00:29:39, FastEthernet0/0 | |
| C | 10.1.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 | |
| O | 10.200.1.2/32 [110/11] via 200.0.0.1, 00:29:39, FastEthernet0/0 | |
| C | 10.200.1.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback1 | |
OSPF NEIGHBORSquagga-routershow ip opsf neighbor
| Neighbor ID | Pri | State | Dead Time | Address | Interface | RXmtL | RqstL | DBsmL |
| 10.200.1.1 | 1 | Full/DR | 36.591s | 200.0.0.2 | eth0:200.0.0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Neighbor ID | Pri | State | Dead Time | Address | Interface |
| 200.0.0.1 | 1 | FULL/BDR | 00:00:38 | 200.0.0.1 | FastEthernet0/0 |
OSPF DATABASEquagga-router#show ip ospf database
| OSPF Router with ID (10.200.1.1) (Process ID 1) | ||||||
| Router Link States (Area 0) | ||||||
| Link ID | ADV Router | Age | Seq# | Checksum | Link count | |
| 10.200.1.1 | 10.200.1.1 | 1821 | 0x80000017 | 0x009B40 | 3 | |
| 200.0.0.1 | 200.0.0.1 | 1615 | 0x80000010 | 0x00B349 | 3 | |
| Net Link States (Area 0) | ||||||
| Link ID | ADV Router | Age | Seq# | Checksum | ||
| 200.0.0.2 | 10.200.1.1 | 48 | 0x8000000C | 0x00E30D | ||
| OSPF Router with ID (10.200.1.2) | ||||||
| Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) | ||||||
| Link ID | ADV Router | Age | Seq# | CkSum | Link count | |
| 10.200.1.1 | 10.200.1.1 | 1328 | 0x80000006 | 0xbd2f | 3 | |
| 10.200.1.2 | 10.200.1.2 | 1119 | 0x80000007 | 0x9756 | 3 | |
| Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0) | ||||||
| Link ID | ADV Router | Age | Seq# | CkSum | Link count | |
| 200.0.0.2 | 10.200.1.1 | 1549 | 0x80000004 | 0x46a6 | ||
| ============ OSPF network routing table ============ | ||
| N | 10.1.0.0/24 | [11] area: 0.0.0.0 |
| via 200.0.0.2, eth0 | ||
| N | 10.2.0.0/24 | [10] area: 0.0.0.0 |
| directly attached to eth0 | ||
| N | 10.200.1.1/32 | [11] area: 0.0.0.0 |
| via 200.0.0.2, eth0 | ||
| N | 10.200.1.2/32 | [10] area: 0.0.0.0 |
| directly attached to lo | ||
| N | 200.0.0.0/24 | [10] area: 0.0.0.0 |
| directly attached to eth0 | ||
| ============ OSPF router routing table ============= | ||
| ============ OSPF external routing table =========== | ||
OSPF STATISTICSquagga-router#show ip ospf interface
| eth0 is up ifindex 2, MTU 1500 bytes, BW 0 Kbit Internet Address 200.0.0.1/24, Broadcast 200.0.0.255, Area 0.0.0.0 MTU mismatch detection:enabled Router ID 10.200.1.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State Backup, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) 10.200.1.1, Interface Address 200.0.0.2 Backup Designated Router (ID) 10.200.1.2, Interface Address 200.0.0.1 Multicast group memberships: OSPFAllRouters OSPFDesignatedRouters Timer intervals configured, Hello 10s, Dead 40s, Wait 40s, Retransmit 5 Hello due in 9.469s Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 eth1 is up ifindex 3, MTU 1500 bytes, BW 0 Kbit Internet Address 10.2.0.2/24, Broadcast 10.2.0.255, Area 0.0.0.0 MTU mismatch detection:enabled Router ID 10.200.1.2, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) 10.200.1.2, Interface Address 10.2.0.2 No backup designated router on this network Multicast group memberships: OSPFAllRouters OSPFDesignatedRouters Timer intervals configured, Hello 10s, Dead 40s, Wait 40s, Retransmit 5 Hello due in 0.051s Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 lo is up ifindex 1, MTU 16436 bytes, BW 0 Kbit Internet Address 10.200.1.2/32, Area 0.0.0.0 MTU mismatch detection:enabled Router ID 10.200.1.2, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 10 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State Loopback, Priority 1 No designated router on this network No backup designated router on this network Multicast group memberships: Timer intervals configured, Hello 10s, Dead 40s, Wait 40s, Retransmit 5 Hello due in inactive Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 |
| FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address 200.0.0.2/24, Area 0 Process ID 1, Router ID 10.200.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) 10.200.1.1, Interface address 200.0.0.2 Backup Designated router (ID) 200.0.0.1, Interface address 200.0.0.1 Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 Hello due in 00:00:05 Index 3/3, flood queue length 0 Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 2 Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor 200.0.0.1 (Backup Designated Router) Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) Loopback1 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address 10.200.1.1/32, Area 0 Process ID 1, Router ID 10.200.1.1, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1 Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host FastEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address 10.1.0.2/24, Area 0 Process ID 1, Router ID 10.200.1.1, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) 10.200.1.1, Interface address 10.1.0.2 No backup designated router on this network Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 Hello due in 00:00:05 Index 1/1, flood queue length 0 Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last flood scan length is 0, maximum is 0 Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0 Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s) |
INTERFACE STATISTICS (BRIEF)quagga-router#show interface description
| Interface | Status | Protocol | Description |
| eth0 | up | up | link to Cisco router |
| eth1 | up | up | link to Desktop B |
| lo | up | up |
| Interface | Interface IP-Address | OK? | Method | Status | Protocol |
| FastEthernet0/0 | 200.0.0.2 | YES | NVRAM | up | up |
| FastEthernet0/1 | 10.1.0.2 | YES | NVRAM | up | up |
| Loopback1 | 10.200.1.1 | YES | NVRAM | up | up |
INTERFACE STATISTICS (FULL)quagga-router#show interface eth0
| Interface eth0 is up, line protocol detection is disabled Description: link to Cisco router index 2 metric 1 mtu 1500 flags: HWaddr: 00:02:55:33:22:11 inet 200.0.0.1/24 broadcast 200.0.0.255 inet6 fe80::202:55ff:4433:2211/64 10477 input packets (0 multicast), 8758628 bytes, 0 dropped 0 input errors, 0 length, 0 overrun, 0 CRC, 0 frame 0 fifo, 0 missed 7848 output packets, 608483 bytes, 0 dropped 0 output errors, 0 aborted, 0 carrier, 0 fifo, 0 heartbeat 0 window, 0 collisions |
| FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is AmdFE, address is 0009.1122.3344 (bia 0009.1122.3344) Description: link to Quagga router Internet address is 200.0.0.2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set Keepalive set (10 sec) Full-duplex, 100Mb/s, 100BaseTX/FX ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Last input 00:00:00, output 00:00:01, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue: 0/40 (size/max) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 1847 packets input, 154310 bytes Received 1637 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored 0 watchdog 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 3755 packets output, 337765 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 5 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred 0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out |
END TO END CONNECTIVITY CHECKS:
From Desktop A
C:>tracert 10.2.0.3
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From Desktop B
C:>tracert 10.1.0.3
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