1.问题描述
Oracle服务器断电重启以后无法数据库无法正常连接，使用sqlplus envision/envision连接报错。常见的错误有以下这些：
- ORA-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
- ORA-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
- ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
- ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
- ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
- ORA-00600:[4194]
2.基本处理
上述这些ORA报错，基本可以归类为一下几种：
- 环境变量ORACLE_SID是否为prjdb，如果不是就设置环境变量
- TNSListener服务是否启动，如果没有启动就重新启动一下。
- prjdb这个oracle服务是否启动，如果没有启动就启动一下
- 使用dba身份能否连接oralce。
3.查看日志确认问题
将上面的这些问题都过一遍，并且都操作一遍以后发现问题还是没有解决，此时我们可以查看oracle 的alert log。我的alert log的路径为：
D:apporaclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb racealert_prjdb.txt
打开alert log文件，找到日志的最后一行，发现行号是1003417，如下图所示：
接着尝试重启oracle服务，
重启完毕以后再次查看log文件，看看日志有什么错误。当我们找到ora-00600[4194]的时候，就定位到undo表空间文件损坏这个问题。最后解决方法就是重建undo表空间。
4.问题处理步骤：重建undo表空间
4.1思路：
在INITprjdb.ora这个配置文件中将undo表空间指向系统表空间system，然后删除undo表空间，最后在创建undo表空间，最后再在INITprjdb.ora这个配置文件中将undo表空间指向刚刚创建的undo表空间。
4.2查看表空间
select * from v$tablespace;
4.3查看undo表空间
show parameter undo
4.4管理员身份登陆：
sqlplus / as sysdba
4.5创建pfile
create pfile from spfile;
关闭实例
shutdown immediate
修改INITprjdb.ora参数
undo_management= MANUAL
undo_tablespace= SYSTEM
这个可以参考：http://www.xifenfei.com/2111.html
启动数据库
在修改INITprjdb.ora以后，以INITprjdb.ora这个参数文件中的配置启动oracle实例
$SQL> startup pfile=D:apporacleproduct11.2.0dbhome_1databaseINITprjdb.ora ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 857903104 bytes Fixed Size 1377952 bytes Variable Size 503318880 bytes Database Buffers 348127232 bytes Redo Buffers 5079040 bytes Database mounted. Database opened.
删除undo表空间
因为重新指定了undo表空间，所以我们可以将undotbs1这个表空间删除
SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1 including CONTENTS;
重建表空间
CREATE SMALLFILE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE 'D:apporacleoradataprjdbUNDOTBS01.DBF' SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 8G;
重新创建pfile
create pfile from spfile;
重启oracle数据库
PS:ORA-00600[4193]
Starting up: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options. Using parameter settings in server-side spfile D:ORACLEPRODUCT11.2.0DBHOME_1DATABASESPFILEPRJDB.ORA System parameters with non-default values: processes = 150 nls_language = "SIMPLIFIED CHINESE" nls_territory = "CHINA" memory_target = 1232M control_files = "D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBCONTROL01.CTL" control_files = "D:ORACLEFLASH_RECOVERY_AREAPRJDBCONTROL02.CTL" db_block_size = 8192 compatible = "11.2.0.0.0" db_recovery_file_dest = "d:oracleflash_recovery_area" db_recovery_file_dest_size= 3852M undo_tablespace = "UNDOTBS1" remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE" db_domain = "" dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=prjdbXDB)" audit_file_dest = "D:ORACLEADMINPRJDBADUMP" audit_trail = "DB" db_name = "prjdb" open_cursors = 300 deferred_segment_creation= FALSE diagnostic_dest = "D:ORACLE" Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 PMON started with pid=2, OS id=3868 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 VKTM started with pid=3, OS id=2484 at elevated priority VKTM running at (10)millisec precision with DBRM quantum (100)ms Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 GEN0 started with pid=4, OS id=2544 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 DIAG started with pid=5, OS id=2376 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 DBRM started with pid=6, OS id=3264 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 PSP0 started with pid=7, OS id=3936 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 DIA0 started with pid=8, OS id=3836 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 MMAN started with pid=9, OS id=2688 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 DBW0 started with pid=10, OS id=708 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 LGWR started with pid=11, OS id=3716 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 CKPT started with pid=12, OS id=492 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 SMON started with pid=13, OS id=1324 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 RECO started with pid=14, OS id=1828 Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 MMON started with pid=15, OS id=3672 starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'... Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 MMNL started with pid=16, OS id=3908 starting up 1 shared server(s) ... ORACLE_BASE from environment = d:oracle Wed Jun 11 10:43:02 2014 alter database mount exclusive Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 1302693302 Database mounted in Exclusive Mode Lost write protection disabled Completed: alter database mount exclusive alter database open Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads parallel recovery started with 2 processes Started redo scan Completed redo scan read 34 KB redo, 20 data blocks need recovery Started redo application at Thread 1: logseq 4145, block 3 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 4145 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO02.LOG Completed redo application of 0.02MB Completed crash recovery at Thread 1: logseq 4145, block 71, scn 176123270 20 data blocks read, 20 data blocks written, 34 redo k-bytes read Wed Jun 11 10:43:14 2014 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 4146 (thread open) Thread 1 opened at log sequence 4146 Current log# 3 seq# 4146 mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Successful open of redo thread 1 Wed Jun 11 10:43:15 2014 MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set Wed Jun 11 10:43:15 2014 SMON: enabling cache recovery Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2. Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption.. Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed SMON: enabling tx recovery Database Characterset is US7ASCII Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_smon_1324.trc (incident=69779): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4194], [], [ Incident details in: d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdbincidentincdir_69779prjdb_smon_1324_i69779.trc No Resource Manager plan active replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found) Wed Jun 11 10:43:19 2014 Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20140611104319] Doing block recovery for file 3 block 502 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 502 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 63 to scn 176123517 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery stopped at EOT rba 4146.73.16 Block recovery completed at rba 4146.73.16, scn 0.176123515 Doing block recovery for file 3 block 240 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 240 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 63 to scn 176123507 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.69.16, scn 0.176123509 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_smon_1324.trc: ORA-01595: ??? (2) ??? (8) ??? ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4194], [], [ Starting background process QMNC Wed Jun 11 10:43:22 2014 QMNC started with pid=22, OS id=2124 Wed Jun 11 10:43:23 2014 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69795): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Incident details in: d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdbincidentincdir_69795prjdb_mmon_3672_i69795.trc Completed: alter database open Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20140611104326] Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery stopped at EOT rba 4146.77.16 Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123527 Doing block recovery for file 3 block 272 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 272 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123520 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.73.16, scn 0.176123521 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69796): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [: ?? Incident details in: d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdbincidentincdir_69796prjdb_mmon_3672_i69796.trc Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69797): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Incident details in: d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdbincidentincdir_69797prjdb_mmon_3672_i69797.trc Wed Jun 11 10:43:33 2014 Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20140611104333] Wed Jun 11 10:43:34 2014 Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69798): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Incident details in: d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdbincidentincdir_69798prjdb_mmon_3672_i69798.trc Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20140611104335] Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20140611104337] Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69799): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Incident details in: d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdbincidentincdir_69799prjdb_mmon_3672_i69799.trc Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69800): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Trace dumping is performing id=[cdmp_20140611104339] Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69801): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=69802): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=70876): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=70877): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=70878): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_mmon_3672.trc (incident=70879): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Wed Jun 11 10:43:46 2014 Doing block recovery for file 3 block 5380 Resuming block recovery (PMON) for file 3 block 5380 Block recovery from logseq 4146, block 73 to scn 176123528 Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 3 Seq 4146 Reading mem 0 Mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAPRJDBREDO03.LOG Block recovery completed at rba 4146.77.16, scn 0.176123530 Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_pmon_3868.trc (incident=69691): ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ Errors in file d:oraclediag dbmsprjdbprjdb raceprjdb_pmon_3868.trc: ORA-00600: ??????, ??: [4193], [], [ PMON (ospid: 3868): terminating the instance due to error 472
从这里可以看到出现了ORA-600[4194]/[4193]，第一感觉就是undo出现问题。
4193：表示undo和redo不一致（Arg [a] Undo record seq number，Arg [b] Redo record seq number ）；
4194：表示也是undo和redo不一致（Arg [a] Maximum Undo record number in Undo block，Arg [b] Undo record number from Redo block）
所以出现4193错误，解决方法跟4194一样。