• LeetCode:Permutation Sequence


    problems:

    The set [1,2,3,…,n] contains a total of n! unique permutations.

    By listing and labeling all of the permutations in order,
    We get the following sequence (ie, for n = 3):

    1. "123"
    2. "132"
    3. "213"
    4. "231"
    5. "312"
    6. "321"

    Given n and k, return the kth permutation sequence.

    Note: Given n will be between 1 and 9 inclusive.

    思路: 采用的是康托编码的逆向展开算法。

    由于我们是从0开始计数,k -= 1;(k-1)

    首先,初始化一个vecotr,nums中的元素依次为:1, 2, 3;

    获取第一位数字:k / 2! = 1,第一个数字就是 2,同时,从vector中删除已经使用的元素,剩余数字:1,3,并且k = k % 2! = 0;

    获取第二个数字:k / 1! = 0,第二个数字就是1,同时,从链表中删除已经使用的元素),vector剩余数字:3,

    由于达到最后一位,不需要操作k了。 获取第三个(最后)数字:剩余元素3

    最终三个数字为213。

    class Solution {
        
    public:
        string getPermutation(int n, int k) {
            vector<int> nums;
            vector<int> factors; //初始化为一个元素,初始化为1
            
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
            {
                nums.push_back(i+1);
                if(!i)
                    factors.push_back(1);
                else
                    factors.push_back(factors[i-1]*i);
            }
            
            string result;
            int position;
           for(int i=n-1;i>-1;i--)
           {
               position=(k-1)/factors[i];
               k = k - position * factors[i];
               result.push_back(nums[position]+48);  //其实最后一位可以不用操做k
               nums.erase(nums.begin()+position);
           }
            return result;
        }
    };
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoying1245970347/p/4571390.html
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