前提准备：
pip安装allure-pytest、pytest和allure-python-commons包，安装过程如下图：
pip install allure-pytest pip install pytest pip install allure-python-commons
安装成功如下：
allure --version 2.12.1 pytest --version This is pytest version 5.1.2, ...
常见命令基本操作说明：
1、pytest -s -q --alluredir report：在当前目录下创建一个report文件夹
2、pytest xxxx.py --alluredir report：在当前目录下创建一个report文件夹，并生成json文件
3、pytest -s -q --alluredir 路径 result / py.test --alluredir 路径 result：在路径目录下创建一个result文件夹
4、allure generate report/ -o report/html：基于生成的json文件，产生HTML版本的测试结果报告
5、allure serve target/allure-results：自动打开浏览器显示测试结果报告
附录：
allure和pytest命令大全，命令比较多，所以再次记录了解下，后期有机会尝试并理解各个命令的作用：
allure命令：
Could not parse arguments: Expected a command, got -h
Usage: allure [options] [command] [command options]
Options:
--help
Print commandline help.
-q, --quiet
Switch on the quiet mode.
Default: false
-v, --verbose
Switch on the verbose mode.
Default: false
--version
Print commandline version.
Default: false
Commands:
generate Generate the report
Usage: generate [options] The directories with allure results
Options:
-c, --clean
Clean Allure report directory before generating a new one.
Default: false
--config
Allure commandline config path. If specified overrides values from
--profile and --configDirectory.
--configDirectory
Allure commandline configurations directory. By default uses
ALLURE_HOME directory.
--profile
Allure commandline configuration profile.
-o, --report-dir, --output
The directory to generate Allure report into.
Default: allure-report
serve Serve the report
Usage: serve [options] The directories with allure results
Options:
--config
Allure commandline config path. If specified overrides values from
--profile and --configDirectory.
--configDirectory
Allure commandline configurations directory. By default uses
ALLURE_HOME directory.
-h, --host
This host will be used to start web server for the report.
-p, --port
This port will be used to start web server for the report.
Default: 0
--profile
Allure commandline configuration profile.
open Open generated report
Usage: open [options] The report directory
Options:
-h, --host
This host will be used to start web server for the report.
-p, --port
This port will be used to start web server for the report.
Default: 0
plugin Generate the report
Usage: plugin [options]
Options:
--config
Allure commandline config path. If specified overrides values from
--profile and --configDirectory.
--configDirectory
Allure commandline configurations directory. By default uses
ALLURE_HOME directory.
--profile
Allure commandline configuration profile.
pytest命令：
usage: pytest [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...]
positional arguments:
file_or_dir
general:
-k EXPRESSION only run tests which match the given substring
expression. An expression is a python evaluatable
expression where all names are substring-matched
against test names and their parent classes. Example:
-k 'test_method or test_other' matches all test
functions and classes whose name contains
'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not
test_method' matches those that don't contain
'test_method' in their names. -k 'not test_method and
not test_other' will eliminate the matches.
Additionally keywords are matched to classes and
functions containing extra names in their
'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as functions
which have names assigned directly to them.
-m MARKEXPR only run tests matching given mark expression.
example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
--markers show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).
-x, --exitfirst exit instantly on first error or failed test.
--maxfail=num exit after first num failures or errors.
--strict-markers, --strict
markers not registered in the `markers` section of the
configuration file raise errors.
-c file load configuration from `file` instead of trying to
locate one of the implicit configuration files.
--continue-on-collection-errors
Force test execution even if collection errors occur.
--rootdir=ROOTDIR Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path:
'root_dir', './root_dir', 'root_dir/another_dir/';
absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with
variables: '$HOME/root_dir'.
--fixtures, --funcargs
show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance
(fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v')
--fixtures-per-test show fixtures per test
--import-mode={prepend,append}
prepend/append to sys.path when importing test
modules, default is to prepend.
--pdb start the interactive Python debugger on errors or
KeyboardInterrupt.
--pdbcls=modulename:classname
start a custom interactive Python debugger on errors.
For example:
--pdbcls=IPython.terminal.debugger:TerminalPdb
--trace Immediately break when running each test.
--capture=method per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no.
-s shortcut for --capture=no.
--runxfail report the results of xfail tests as if they were not
marked
--lf, --last-failed rerun only the tests that failed at the last run (or
all if none failed)
--ff, --failed-first run all tests but run the last failures first. This
may re-order tests and thus lead to repeated fixture
setup/teardown
--nf, --new-first run tests from new files first, then the rest of the
tests sorted by file mtime
--cache-show=[CACHESHOW]
show cache contents, don't perform collection or
tests. Optional argument: glob (default: '*').
--cache-clear remove all cache contents at start of test run.
--lfnf={all,none}, --last-failed-no-failures={all,none}
which tests to run with no previously (known)
failures.
--sw, --stepwise exit on test failure and continue from last failing
test next time
--stepwise-skip ignore the first failing test but stop on the next
failing test
--allure-severities=SEVERITIES_SET
Comma-separated list of severity names. Tests only
with these severities will be run. Possible values
are: blocker, critical, normal, minor, trivial.
--allure-epics=EPICS_SET
Comma-separated list of epic names. Run tests that
have at least one of the specified feature labels.
--allure-features=FEATURES_SET
Comma-separated list of feature names. Run tests that
have at least one of the specified feature labels.
--allure-stories=STORIES_SET
Comma-separated list of story names. Run tests that
have at least one of the specified story labels.
--allure-link-pattern=LINK_TYPE:LINK_PATTERN
Url pattern for link type. Allows short links in test,
like 'issue-1'. Text will be formatted to full url
with python str.format().
reporting:
--durations=N show N slowest setup/test durations (N=0 for all).
-v, --verbose increase verbosity.
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity.
--verbosity=VERBOSE set verbosity
-r chars show extra test summary info as specified by chars:
(f)ailed, (E)rror, (s)kipped, (x)failed, (X)passed,
(p)assed, (P)assed with output, (a)ll except passed
(p/P), or (A)ll. (w)arnings are enabled by default
(see --disable-warnings).
--disable-warnings, --disable-pytest-warnings
disable warnings summary
-l, --showlocals show locals in tracebacks (disabled by default).
--tb=style traceback print mode (auto/long/short/line/native/no).
--show-capture={no,stdout,stderr,log,all}
Controls how captured stdout/stderr/log is shown on
failed tests. Default is 'all'.
--full-trace don't cut any tracebacks (default is to cut).
--color=color color terminal output (yes/no/auto).
--pastebin=mode send failed|all info to bpaste.net pastebin service.
--junit-xml=path create junit-xml style report file at given path.
--junit-prefix=str prepend prefix to classnames in junit-xml output
--result-log=path DEPRECATED path for machine-readable result log.
--html=path create html report file at given path.
--self-contained-html
create a self-contained html file containing all
necessary styles, scripts, and images - this means
that the report may not render or function where CSP
restrictions are in place (see
https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/Security/CSP)
--css=path append given css file content to report style file.
collection:
--collect-only only collect tests, don't execute them.
--pyargs try to interpret all arguments as python packages.
--ignore=path ignore path during collection (multi-allowed).
--ignore-glob=path ignore path pattern during collection (multi-allowed).
--deselect=nodeid_prefix
deselect item during collection (multi-allowed).
--confcutdir=dir only load conftest.py's relative to specified dir.
--noconftest Don't load any conftest.py files.
--keep-duplicates Keep duplicate tests.
--collect-in-virtualenv
Don't ignore tests in a local virtualenv directory
--doctest-modules run doctests in all .py modules
--doctest-report={none,cdiff,ndiff,udiff,only_first_failure}
choose another output format for diffs on doctest
failure
--doctest-glob=pat doctests file matching pattern, default: test*.txt
--doctest-ignore-import-errors
ignore doctest ImportErrors
--doctest-continue-on-failure
for a given doctest, continue to run after the first
failure
test session debugging and configuration:
--basetemp=dir base temporary directory for this test run.(warning:
this directory is removed if it exists)
--version display pytest lib version and import information.
-h, --help show help message and configuration info
-p name early-load given plugin module name or entry point
(multi-allowed). To avoid loading of plugins, use the
`no:` prefix, e.g. `no:doctest`.
--trace-config trace considerations of conftest.py files.
--debug store internal tracing debug information in
'pytestdebug.log'.
-o OVERRIDE_INI, --override-ini=OVERRIDE_INI
override ini option with "option=value" style, e.g.
`-o xfail_strict=True -o cache_dir=cache`.
--assert=MODE Control assertion debugging tools. 'plain' performs no
assertion debugging. 'rewrite' (the default) rewrites
assert statements in test modules on import to provide
assert expression information.
--setup-only only setup fixtures, do not execute tests.
--setup-show show setup of fixtures while executing tests.
--setup-plan show what fixtures and tests would be executed but
don't execute anything.
--variables=path path to variables file.
pytest-warnings:
-W PYTHONWARNINGS, --pythonwarnings=PYTHONWARNINGS
set which warnings to report, see -W option of python
itself.
logging:
--no-print-logs disable printing caught logs on failed tests.
--log-level=LOG_LEVEL
logging level used by the logging module
--log-format=LOG_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-date-format=LOG_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-cli-level=LOG_CLI_LEVEL
cli logging level.
--log-cli-format=LOG_CLI_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-cli-date-format=LOG_CLI_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
--log-file=LOG_FILE path to a file when logging will be written to.
--log-file-level=LOG_FILE_LEVEL
log file logging level.
--log-file-format=LOG_FILE_FORMAT
log format as used by the logging module.
--log-file-date-format=LOG_FILE_DATE_FORMAT
log date format as used by the logging module.
reporting:
--alluredir=DIR Generate Allure report in the specified directory (may
not exist)
--clean-alluredir Clean alluredir folder if it exists
--allure-no-capture Do not attach pytest captured logging/stdout/stderr to
report
forked subprocess test execution:
--forked box each test run in a separate process (unix)
selenium:
--firefox-path=path path to the firefox binary.
--firefox-preference=name value
additional firefox preferences.
--firefox-profile=path
path to the firefox profile.
--firefox-extension=path
path to a firefox extension.
--driver=str webdriver implementation.
--driver-path=path path to the driver executable.
--capability=key value
additional capabilities.
--event-listener=str selenium eventlistener class, e.g.
package.module.EventListenerClassName.
--host=str host that the selenium server is listening on, which
will default to the cloud provider default or
localhost.
--port=num port that the selenium server is listening on, which
will default to the cloud provider default or
localhost.
safety:
--sensitive-url=SENSITIVE_URL
regular expression for identifying sensitive urls.
distributed and subprocess testing:
-n numprocesses, --numprocesses=numprocesses
shortcut for '--dist=load --tx=NUM*popen', you can use
'auto' here for auto detection CPUs number on host
system and it will be 0 when used with --pdb
--maxprocesses=maxprocesses
limit the maximum number of workers to process the
tests when using --numprocesses=auto
--max-worker-restart=MAXWORKERRESTART, --max-slave-restart=MAXWORKERRESTART
maximum number of workers that can be restarted when
crashed (set to zero to disable this feature) '--max-
slave-restart' option is deprecated and will be
removed in a future release
--dist=distmode set mode for distributing tests to exec environments.
each: send each test to all available environments.
load: load balance by sending any pending test to any
available environment. loadscope: load balance by
sending pending groups of tests in the same scope to
any available environment. loadfile: load balance by
sending test grouped by file to any available
environment. (default) no: run tests inprocess, don't
distribute.
--tx=xspec add a test execution environment. some examples: --tx
popen//python=python2.5 --tx socket=192.168.1.102:8888
--tx ssh=user@codespeak.net//chdir=testcache
-d load-balance tests. shortcut for '--dist=load'
--rsyncdir=DIR add directory for rsyncing to remote tx nodes.
--rsyncignore=GLOB add expression for ignores when rsyncing to remote tx
nodes.
--boxed backward compatibility alias for pytest-forked
--forked
-f, --looponfail run tests in subprocess, wait for modified files and
re-run failing test set until all pass.
custom options:
--base-url=url base url for the application under test.
--verify-base-url verify the base url.
--metadata=key value additional metadata.
[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found:
markers (linelist): markers for test functions
empty_parameter_set_mark (string):
default marker for empty parametersets
norecursedirs (args): directory patterns to avoid for recursion
testpaths (args): directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the command line.
usefixtures (args): list of default fixtures to be used with this project
python_files (args): glob-style file patterns for Python test module discovery
python_classes (args):
prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery
python_functions (args):
prefixes or glob names for Python test function and method discovery
disable_test_id_escaping_and_forfeit_all_rights_to_community_support (bool):
disable string escape non-ascii characters, might cause unwanted side effects(use at your own
risk)
console_output_style (string):
console output: "classic", or with additional progress information ("progress" (percentage) |
"count").
xfail_strict (bool): default for the strict parameter of xfail markers when not given explicitly (default: False)
enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool):
Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook.Make sure to delete any previously generated pyc cache
files.
junit_suite_name (string):
Test suite name for JUnit report
junit_logging (string):
Write captured log messages to JUnit report: one of no|system-out|system-err
junit_log_passing_tests (bool):
Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit report:
junit_duration_report (string):
Duration time to report: one of total|call
junit_family (string):
Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2
doctest_optionflags (args):
option flags for doctests
doctest_encoding (string):
encoding used for doctest files
cache_dir (string): cache directory path.
filterwarnings (linelist):
Each line specifies a pattern for warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after -W and
--pythonwarnings.
log_print (bool): default value for --no-print-logs
log_level (string): default value for --log-level
log_format (string): default value for --log-format
log_date_format (string):
default value for --log-date-format
log_cli (bool): enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging").
log_cli_level (string):
default value for --log-cli-level
log_cli_format (string):
default value for --log-cli-format
log_cli_date_format (string):
default value for --log-cli-date-format
log_file (string): default value for --log-file
log_file_level (string):
default value for --log-file-level
log_file_format (string):
default value for --log-file-format
log_file_date_format (string):
default value for --log-file-date-format
faulthandler_timeout (string):
Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes more than TIMEOUT seconds to finish. Not
available on Windows.
addopts (args): extra command line options
minversion (string): minimally required pytest version
base_url (string): base url for the application under test.
selenium_capture_debug (string):
when debug is captured ('never', 'failure', 'always')
selenium_exclude_debug (string):
debug to exclude from capture
saucelabs_job_auth (string):
Authorization options for the Sauce Labs job: ('none', 'token', 'hour', 'day')
sensitive_url (string):
regular expression for identifying sensitive urls.
rsyncdirs (pathlist): list of (relative) paths to be rsynced for remote distributed testing.
rsyncignore (pathlist):
list of (relative) glob-style paths to be ignored for rsyncing.
looponfailroots (pathlist):
directories to check for changes
environment variables:
PYTEST_ADDOPTS extra command line options
PYTEST_PLUGINS comma-separated plugins to load during startup
PYTEST_DISABLE_PLUGIN_AUTOLOAD set to disable plugin auto-loading
PYTEST_DEBUG set to enable debug tracing of pytest's internals
to see available markers type: pytest --markers
to see available fixtures type: pytest --fixtures
(shown according to specified file_or_dir or current dir if not specified; fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with the '-v' option