感谢：http://blog.csdn.net/luck_apple/article/details/7064004
这篇文章讲的是如何定义fragment的样式，基本布局都是从源码中弄过来的。通过设置布局文件的属性，让我们可以自定义preference的界面。
先来看看xml文件中的内容
<PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <PreferenceCategory android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget" android:title="第一个模块的标题" > <!-- 设置单选模块 --> <CheckBoxPreference android:icon="@drawable/appstore" android:key="checkbox_preference" android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:summary="整个布局都是自定义的，包括图标、文字、点击效果和单选按钮" android:title="标题" android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget" /> <MultiSelectListPreference android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:entries="@array/floatColor" android:entryValues="@array/floatColor_value" android:key="multSelect_preference" android:summary="点击可以选择多个选项" android:title="多选列表" /> <RingtonePreference android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:key="ringtone_preference" android:summary="点击选择铃声" android:title="铃声选择列表" /> <SwitchPreference android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:key="switch_preference" android:summaryOff="已关闭" android:summaryOn="已开启" android:switchTextOff="close" android:switchTextOn="open" android:title="开关" /> </PreferenceCategory> <PreferenceCategory android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget" android:title="第二个模块的标题" > <!-- 设置输入框模块 --> <EditTextPreference android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:dialogIcon="@drawable/itunes" android:dialogTitle="dialog_title_edittext_preference" android:key="edittext_preference" android:negativeButtonText="cancel" android:positiveButtonText="ok" android:title="文本输入" /> <!-- 选择列表模块 --> <ListPreference android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:dialogTitle="dialog_title_list_preference" android:entries="@array/floatColor" android:entryValues="@array/floatColor_value" android:key="list_preference" android:summary="点击后会弹出一个单选列表来选择数据" android:title="列表选择框" /> </PreferenceCategory> <!-- 点击后又启动一个fragment --> <PreferenceCategory android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget"> <!-- This PreferenceScreen tag sends the user to a new fragment of preferences. If running in a large screen, they can be embedded inside of the overall preferences UI. --> <PreferenceScreen android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:fragment="com.kale.shared.MainActivity$Prefs1FragmentInner" android:summary="点击后跳到另一个fragment_preference" android:title="另一个fragment_preference" > <!-- Arbitrary key/value pairs can be included for fragment arguments --> <extra android:name="someKey" android:value="somePrefValue" /> </PreferenceScreen> <!-- This PreferenceScreen tag sends the user to a completely different activity, switching out of the current preferences UI. --> <PreferenceScreen android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:summary="点击后跳转到 http://www.android.com" android:title="点击触发intent动作" > <intent android:action="android.intent.action.VIEW" android:data="http://www.android.com" /> </PreferenceScreen> </PreferenceCategory> <PreferenceCategory android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget" android:title="第四个模块的标题" > <CheckBoxPreference android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:key="parent_checkbox_preference" android:summary="点击后才可以让子控件可操作" android:title="父选择控件" android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget" /> <!-- The visual style of a child is defined by this styled theme attribute. --> <!-- 子控件关联父控件，如果父控件选中后子控件才可用 --> <!-- android:layout="?android:attr/preferenceLayoutChild" --> <CheckBoxPreference android:dependency="parent_checkbox_preference" android:icon="@drawable/calculator" android:key="child_checkbox_preference" android:layout="@layout/preference_item" android:title="子控件（依托于父控件）" android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget" /> </PreferenceCategory> </PreferenceScreen>
这里面和传统的内容设置都是一样的，但是我通过
android:layout="@layout/prefs_category_widget"
android:layout="@layout/preference_item"
android:widgetLayout="@layout/checkbox_preference_widget"
这三个属性，让我们可以通过布局文件来定义视图
需要注意的是：这里面的id都是系统的，所以我们可以直接在原始的xml文件中设置属性，这对于我们之前的操作无影响。只是换了布局而已。
prefs_category_widget
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#ededed" android:orientation="vertical" > <!-- 这个id需要注意，要引用安卓源码中的 --> <ImageView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:src="#dadada" /> <ImageView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:layout_marginBottom="13dp" android:src="#e2e2e2" /> <TextView android:id="@android:id/title" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:paddingLeft="6dp" android:layout_marginBottom="2dp" android:textColor="#939393" android:textSize="14sp" /> <ImageView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="1dp" android:src="#e9e9e9" /> </LinearLayout>
preference_item
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@drawable/selector_item" android:gravity="center_vertical" android:minHeight="?android:listPreferredItemHeight" android:orientation="horizontal" > <ImageView android:id="@android:id/icon" android:layout_width="40dp" android:layout_height="40dp" android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:layout_marginLeft="3dp" android:scaleType="fitStart" android:src="@drawable/appstore" /> <RelativeLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginBottom="4dp" android:layout_marginTop="4dp" > <TextView android:id="@android:id/title" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:ellipsize="marquee" android:fadingEdge="horizontal" android:singleLine="true" android:text="title" android:textColor="#4d4d4d" android:textSize="18.0sp" /> <TextView android:id="@android:id/summary" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:layout_marginLeft="15dp" android:layout_toRightOf="@android:id/title" android:layout_toLeftOf="@android:id/widget_frame" android:maxLines="2" android:text="summary" android:textColor="#AAAAAA" android:textSize="14sp" /> <LinearLayout android:id="@android:id/widget_frame" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:layout_marginLeft="4dp" android:layout_centerVertical="true" android:gravity="center_vertical" android:orientation="vertical" > </LinearLayout> </RelativeLayout> </LinearLayout>
checkbox_preference_widget<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- 这里放上系统的id --> <CheckBox xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@android:id/checkbox" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_vertical" android:button="@drawable/selector_checkbox" android:clickable="false" android:focusable="false"
我的主代码用的是android推荐的activity和fragment结合的方式来实现的
package com.kale.shared; import java.util.List; import android.content.SharedPreferences; import android.os.Bundle; import android.preference.PreferenceActivity; import android.preference.PreferenceFragment; import android.preference.PreferenceManager; import android.util.Log; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; public class MainActivity extends PreferenceActivity { SharedPreferences sp; SharedPreferences.Editor editor; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); //设置背景图，给activity设置后。所有fragment的背景都会改了，十分方便！ getWindow().setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.bgColor)); //setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); 这里就不能设置布局了 sp = getSharedPreferences("kaleShared", MODE_PRIVATE); editor = sp.edit(); editor.putString("KEY", "value"); editor.commit(); if (sp.contains("KEY")) { System.out.println("have a key"); } ; } /** * Populate the activity with the top-level headers. */ @Override public void onBuildHeaders(List<Header> target) { //下面我们从源码的角度来自己搭建整个布局，所以我们设置布局。整个布局里面用一个list，id是默认的@android:id/list setContentView(R.layout.preference_hearders_frame); loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.preference_headers, target); } public static class Prefs0Fragment extends PreferenceFragment { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // Load the preferences from an XML resource addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.customer_preferences); } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.preference_hearders_frame, container, false); return v; } } /** * This fragment shows the preferences for the first header. */ public static class Prefs1Fragment extends PreferenceFragment { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // Make sure default values are applied. In a real app, you would // want this in a shared function that is used to retrieve the // SharedPreferences wherever they are needed. PreferenceManager.setDefaultValues(getActivity(),R.xml.fx_setting, false); // Load the preferences from an XML resource addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.fragmented_preferences); } } /** * This fragment contains a second-level set of preference that you * can get to by tapping an item in the first preferences fragment. */ /** * @author:Jack Tony * @tips :在第一个fragment中点击一个PreferenceScreen中的fragment对象启动的fragment * @date :2014-8-4 */ public static class Prefs1FragmentInner extends PreferenceFragment { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // Can retrieve arguments from preference XML. Log.i("args", "Arguments: " + getArguments()); // Load the preferences from an XML resource addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.fx_setting); } } /** * This fragment shows the preferences for the second header. */ public static class Prefs2Fragment extends PreferenceFragment { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // Can retrieve arguments from headers XML. Log.i("args", "Arguments: " + getArguments()); // Load the preferences from an XML resource addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.display_prefs); } } }