Linux中的yum的配置以及常见报错的处理

一. 今天登录服务器的时候，误把yum所在的cache文件夹中的文件删除掉了，导致yum不能够使用，解决的方法：

　　显示错误如下：

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors YumRepo Error:
All mirror URLs are not using ftp, http[s] or file. /Eg. removing
mirrorlist with no valid mirrors: /var/cache/yum/addons/mirrorlist.txt
Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: addons

　　不知道什么时候把mirrors.txt文件给去掉了。

　　后来查了一下有这么一串。

 1 1./var/cache/yum/base/mirrorlist.txt url:
 2 http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 3 http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 4 http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 5 http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
 6 http://ftp.nsysu.edu.tw/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 7 http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 8 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
 9 http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
10 http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
11 http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
12 http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
13 http://centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com/5.7/os/x86_64/
14 http://centos.tt.co.kr/5.7/os/x86_64/
15 http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/5.7/os/x86_64/
16 http://mirror.khlug.org/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
17 http://mirror.yongbok.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
18 http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
19 http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
20 http://mirror.averse.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
21 http://mirrors.sin1.sg.voxel.net/centos/5.7/os/x86_64/
22 2./var/cache/yum/updates/mirrorlist.txt url:
23 http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
24 http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
25 http://mirrors.stuhome.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
26 http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
27 http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
28 http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
29 http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
30 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
31 http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
32 http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
33 http://mirror.khlug.org/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
34 http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/5.7/updates/x86_64/
35 http://centos.tt.co.kr/5.7/updates/x86_64/
36 http://mirror.averse.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
37 ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/linux/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
38 http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
39 http://mirrors.sin1.sg.voxel.net/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
40 http://centos.vr-zone.com/5.7/updates/x86_64/
41 http://rsync.atworks.co.jp/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
42 http://ftp.nara.wide.ad.jp/pub/Linux/centos/5.7/updates/x86_64/
43 3./var/cache/yum/addons/mirrorlist.txt url:
44 http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/addons/x86_64/
45 4./var/cache/yum/extras/mirrorlist.txt url:
46 http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
47 http://mirrors.stuhome.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
48 http://mirror.neu.edu.cn/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
49 http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
50 http://ftp.cs.pu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
51 http://ftp.stu.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
52 http://ftp.tc.edu.tw/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
53 http://ftp.isu.edu.tw/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
54 http://mirror01.idc.hinet.net/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
55 http://data.nicehosting.co.kr/os/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
56 http://mirror.khlug.org/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
57 http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
58 http://centos.tt.co.kr/5.7/extras/x86_64/
59 http://centos.vr-zone.com/5.7/extras/x86_64/
60 http://mirror.averse.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
61 http://mirrors.sin1.sg.voxel.net/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
62 ftp://ftp.oss.eznetsols.org/linux/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
63 http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
64 http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/linux/centos/5.7/extras/x86_64/
65 http://ftp.jaist.ac.jp/pub/Linux/CentOS/5.7/extras/x86_64/
66 
67 对应的把这些url拷贝到mirrorlist.txt文件中去就ok啦。

二.Linux中yum的配置：

　　执行yum的时候，报如下的错误：

 Error Downloading Packages:
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686.rpm  base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686.rpm  base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686.rpm  base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
     openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686:failure: Packages/openssl-devel-1.0.1e-16.el6_5.14.i686.rpm  from base: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

　　解决的方法：

1 执行yum clean all 清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的headers；
2 接着执行 yum list 重新列出所有已经安装和可以安装的软件包；
3 重新执行上述命令，发现yum编译成功；
4 注意：如果执行 yum list 报错，那就检查一下yum仓库是否有问题；并清除/etc/yum.repos.d/下多余.repo文件！

三. Centos更改yum源与更新系统

 　　[1] 首先备份/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
          mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
    
     [2] 进入yum源配置文件所在文件夹
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
    
     [3] 下载163的yum源配置文件，放入/etc/yum.repos.d/(操作前请做好相应备份)
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
         [4] 运行yum makecache生成缓存
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
    
     [5] 更新系统
          [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y update