Overview
This book follows a "Problem-Design-Solution" approach in each chapter: The Problem section explains the business requirements for the module designed in that chapter, the Design section is used to develop our roadmap for meeting those requirements, and the Solution section is where we write the code to implement our design.
全书遵循“问题-设计-解决”的方法逐章展开：“问题”部分解释业务需求；“设计”部分根据需求进行构思，确定解决方案；“解决”部分写代码实现设计。
Problem
In Bologna (the city where I live in Italy) almost half the population consists of students, including many foreigners. With all these young people around here, it goes without saying that there are a lot of pubs and places to spend the evenings and weekends with friends. Concerts, parties, shows, and other special events are commonplace. However, with all this competition, every pub must find something that the others don't have, something that's somehow appealing to their potential customers. Marketing plays a significant role, and our pub owner wants to be stronger in that area. She has always used traditional, printed marketing ads for her pub TheBeerHouse (a fictitious name), but she wants to expand into new media possibilities, starting with having her own exciting web site. She thinks that this would be useful, because once customers become familiar with the site they can go there to read about new specials and events, and possibly receive a newsletter right in their e-mail inbox, as well as browse photos of past events, rate them, and share messages with other web site visitors, creating virtual relationships that they can later continue face-to-face right in the pub! The general idea is appealing, especially considering that the target audience is well accustomed to using computers and browsing the web to find out information about news and events. A pub is typically a fun place full of life, and it's perhaps more appropriate for this type of project, rather than, say, a classic restaurant. However, even classic restaurants may like to consider this type of web site, also.
首先必须明确要解决的问题是什么，别稀里糊涂得瞎忙活，无的放矢，不如不放。
ok.废话到此为止.
某酒吧老板想要在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出，他想到了市场营销。既然顾客多为熟悉网络的青年学生，那就不如建立自己的网站。
Design
A list of business requirements and desired features to implement, as well as the design of the necessary database objects for the data storage, and the structure of the classes to retrieve, manipulate, and present the data to the user. At the beginning of a project you start out by thinking about your client's needs, and how you might meet those needs, and possibly even expand on them to give your client more functionality than the minimum needed, while still staying within your time limits and budgetary guidelines. As stated in the problem section, your client in this scenario is a pub owner who wants to have a web site to promote her pub, providing online information about upcoming events, reports about past events, and more. This initial idea can be expanded in many ways, to create a site that has a lot more interesting things, good for its users (who are also potential customers for the physical pub) and for the store owner. We can begin by writing down a list of features that a modern content-based site should have, and a few reasons why they are useful:
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An appealing user interface. Appearance is important, since it's the first thing users will notice — well before appreciating the site's functionality and services. But the graphics are not all that matters regarding the UI. The information on the site must be well organized and easily reachable. The site must be usable and provide a good (and possibly great) user experience, which means that users must find it easy to browse and interact with. Some attention should also be given to cross-browser compatibility, i.e., ensuring that the site looks and behaves fine from different platforms and browsers. This is especially true for sites like this one, where you can't know in advance which browser your customers will use, as you might know in the case of an intranet site for a corporation, for example.