20G的磁盘还是不够用啊，正好复习下磁盘分区和逻辑卷。
关闭虚拟机，打开VMware，右键虚拟机点击设置，点下下方的添加，就可以添加磁盘了。
进入虚拟机，查看：
root@ubuntu:/# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0xe0f58c4a Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sda1 * 2048 39845887 39843840 19G 83 Linux /dev/sda2 39847934 41940991 2093058 1022M 5 Extended /dev/sda5 39847936 41940991 2093056 1022M 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
新的磁盘/dev/sdb已添加。
创建分区
创建一个5G分区：
root@ubuntu:/# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 3
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +5G
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux' and of size 5 GiB.
格式修改为8e(逻辑卷必须)：
Command (m for help): t Selected partition 3 Partition type (type L to list all types): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x1df1b6c7 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/sdb3 2048 10487807 10485760 5G 8e Linux LVM
保存：
Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
创建物理卷PV
root@ubuntu:/# pvcreate /dev/sdb3 Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created root@ubuntu:/# pvdisplay "/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "5.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb3 VG Name PV Size 5.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 2rydZg-wXnl-vBlo-EhZ7-T2YC-CRoc-Gw3NyP root@ubuntu:/# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sdb3 lvm2 --- 5.00g 5.00g
创建卷组VG
root@ubuntu:/# vgcreate vgvg /dev/sdb3 Volume group "vgvg" successfully created root@ubuntu:/# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vgvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 5.00 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1279 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 1279 / 5.00 GiB VG UUID t9Ehku-ALdl-FCjl-sakI-sqDe-vx4H-lLqmIz root@ubuntu:/# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree vgvg 1 0 0 wz--n- 5.00g 5.00g
创建逻辑卷LV
root@ubuntu:/# lvcreate -L 4G -n lvlv vgvg Logical volume "lvlv" created. root@ubuntu:/# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vgvg/lvlv LV Name lvlv VG Name vgvg LV UUID nP2sGc-KGyU-zJZ1-IFk7-aMjC-39tm-sdgkue LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time ubuntu, 2018-01-06 10:20:19 -0800 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 4.00 GiB Current LE 1024 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 root@ubuntu:/# lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert lvlv vgvg -wi-a----- 4.00g
格式化并且挂载
root@ubuntu:/# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vgvg/lvlv mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015) Creating filesystem with 1048576 4k blocks and 262144 inodes Filesystem UUID: fcffe231-a2b5-429c-b95c-1884cef6cfeb Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done root@ubuntu:/# mkdir /lvmdata root@ubuntu:/# mount /dev/vgvg/lvlv /lvmdata
快照卷命令：
lvcreate
-s ：指定快照卷；
-p r：限定快照卷为只读；
格式： lvcreate -L SIZE-s -p r -n LV_NAME /path/to/lv
创建快照卷：
lvcreate -L 100M -s -p r -n lvm-snap /dev/vgvg/lvlv
挂载：
mount -o ro /dev/vgvg/lvm-snap /media/
删除：
umount /media/ lvremove /dev/vgvg/lvm-snap
要恢复快照的话，首先卸载：
umount /lvmdata/
然后使用快照恢复：
root@ubuntu:~# lvconvert --merge /dev/vgvg/lvm-snap Merging of volume lvm-snap started. lvlv: Merged: 100.0% lvlv: Merged: 100.0%
再挂载即可：
root@ubuntu:~# mount /dev/vgvg/lvlv /lvmdata/
内容已恢复快照内容。