MIME：全称Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions，多功能Internet 邮件扩充服务。它是一种多用途网际邮件扩充协议，在1992年最早应用于电子邮件系统，但后来也应用到浏览器。MIME类型就是设定某种扩展名的文件用一种应用程序来打开的方式类型，当该扩展名文件被访问的时候，浏览器会自动使用指定应用程序来打开。多用于指定一些客户端自定义的文件名，以及一些媒体文件打开方式。
在Android中通过文件的MIME类型来判断有哪些应用程序可以处理这些文件，并使用其中的某一个应用程序（如果有多个可选的应用程序，则用户必须指定一个）处理之。
我在写android资源管理器（文件浏览器）的时候，希望能在资源管理器的中实现打开文件的操作，此时就需要用到文件的MIME类型。
实现方法：
private void openFile(File file){
//Uri uri = Uri.parse("file://" + file.getAbsolutePath());
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//设置intent的Action属性
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
//获取文件file的MIME类型
String type = getMIMEType(file);
//设置intent的data和Type属性。
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), type);
//跳转
startActivity(intent);
}
private String getMIMEType(File file){
String type="*
String end=fName.substring(dotIndex + 1,fName.length()).toLowerCase();
if(end=="")return type;
//在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。
for(int i=0;i<MIME_MapTable.length;i++){
if(end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0]))
type = MIME_MapTable[i][1];
}
return type;
}
现在就差一个MIME类型和文件类型的匹配表了。
"文件类型——MIME类型"的匹配表:
private static final String[][] MIME_MapTable = {
//{后缀名，MIME类型}
{"3gp", "video/3gpp"},
{"aab", "application/x-authoware-bin"},
{"aam", "application/x-authoware-map"},
{"aas", "application/x-authoware-seg"},
{"ai", "application/postscript"},
{"aif", "audio/x-aiff"},
{"aifc", "audio/x-aiff"},
{"aiff", "audio/x-aiff"},
{"als", "audio/X-Alpha5"},
{"amc", "application/x-mpeg"},
{"ani", "application/octet-stream"},
{"apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
{"asc", "text/plain"},
{"asd", "application/astound"},
{"asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
{"asn", "application/astound"},
{"asp", "application/x-asap"},
{"asx", "video/x-ms-asf"},
{"au", "audio/basic"},
{"avb", "application/octet-stream"},
{"avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
{"awb", "audio/amr-wb"},
{"bcpio", "application/x-bcpio"},
{"bin", "application/octet-stream"},
{"bld", "application/bld"},
{"bld2", "application/bld2"},
{"bmp", "image/bmp"},
{"bpk", "application/octet-stream"},
{"bz2", "application/x-bzip2"},
{"c", "text/plain"},
{"cal", "image/x-cals"},
{"ccn", "application/x-cnc"},
{"cco", "application/x-cocoa"},
{"cdf", "application/x-netcdf"},
{"cgi", "magnus-internal/cgi"},
{"chat", "application/x-chat"},
{"class", "application/octet-stream"},
{"clp", "application/x-msclip"},
{"cmx", "application/x-cmx"},
{"co", "application/x-cult3d-object"},
{"cod", "image/cis-cod"},
{"conf", "text/plain"},
{"cpio", "application/x-cpio"},
{"cpp", "text/plain"},
{"cpt", "application/mac-compactpro"},
{"crd", "application/x-mscardfile"},
{"csh", "application/x-csh"},
{"csm", "chemical/x-csml"},
{"csml", "chemical/x-csml"},
{"css", "text/css"},
{"cur", "application/octet-stream"},
{"dcm", "x-lml/x-evm"},
{"dcr", "application/x-director"},
{"dcx", "image/x-dcx"},
{"dhtml", "text/html"},
{"dir", "application/x-director"},
{"dll", "application/octet-stream"},
{"dmg", "application/octet-stream"},
{"dms", "application/octet-stream"},
{"doc", "application/msword"},
{"docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"},
{"dot", "application/x-dot"},
{"dvi", "application/x-dvi"},
{"dwf", "drawing/x-dwf"},
{"dwg", "application/x-autocad"},
{"dxf", "application/x-autocad"},
{"dxr", "application/x-director"},
{"ebk", "application/x-expandedbook"},
{"emb", "chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide"},
{"embl", "chemical/x-embl-dl-nucleotide"},
{"eps", "application/postscript"},
{"eri", "image/x-eri"},
{"es", "audio/echospeech"},
{"esl", "audio/echospeech"},
{"etc", "application/x-earthtime"},
{"etx", "text/x-setext"},
{"evm", "x-lml/x-evm"},
{"evy", "application/x-envoy"},
{"exe", "application/octet-stream"},
{"fh4", "image/x-freehand"},
{"fh5", "image/x-freehand"},
{"fhc", "image/x-freehand"},
{"fif", "image/fif"},
{"fm", "application/x-maker"},
{"fpx", "image/x-fpx"},
{"fvi", "video/isivideo"},
{"gau", "chemical/x-gaussian-input"},
{"gca", "application/x-gca-compressed"},
{"gdb", "x-lml/x-gdb"},
{"gif", "image/gif"},
{"gps", "application/x-gps"},
{"gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
{"gz", "application/x-gzip"},
{"h", "text/plain"},
{"hdf", "application/x-hdf"},
{"hdm", "text/x-hdml"},
{"hdml", "text/x-hdml"},
{"hlp", "application/winhlp"},
{"hqx", "application/mac-binhex40"},
{"htm", "text/html"},
{"html", "text/html"},
{"hts", "text/html"},
{"ice", "x-conference/x-cooltalk"},
{"ico", "application/octet-stream"},
{"ief", "image/ief"},
{"ifm", "image/gif"},
{"ifs", "image/ifs"},
{"imy", "audio/melody"},
{"ins", "application/x-NET-Install"},
{"ips", "application/x-ipscript"},
{"ipx", "application/x-ipix"},
{"it", "audio/x-mod"},
{"itz", "audio/x-mod"},
{"ivr", "i-world/i-vrml"},
{"j2k", "image/j2k"},
{"jad", "text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor"},
{"jam", "application/x-jam"},
{"jar", "application/java-archive"},
{"java", "text/plain"},
{"jnlp", "application/x-java-jnlp-file"},
{"jpe", "image/jpeg"},
{"jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
{"jpg", "image/jpeg"},
{"jpz", "image/jpeg"},
{"js", "application/x-javascript"},
{"jwc", "application/jwc"},
{"kjx", "application/x-kjx"},
{"lak", "x-lml/x-lak"},
{"latex", "application/x-latex"},
{"lcc", "application/fastman"},
{"lcl", "application/x-digitalloca"},
{"lcr", "application/x-digitalloca"},
{"lgh", "application/lgh"},
{"lha", "application/octet-stream"},
{"lml", "x-lml/x-lml"},
{"lmlpack", "x-lml/x-lmlpack"},
{"log", "text/plain"},
{"lsf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
{"lsx", "video/x-ms-asf"},
{"lzh", "application/x-lzh"},
{"m13", "application/x-msmediaview"},
{"m14", "application/x-msmediaview"},
{"m15", "audio/x-mod"},
{"m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
{"m3url", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
{"m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{"m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{"m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
{"m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
{"m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
{"ma1", "audio/ma1"},
{"ma2", "audio/ma2"},
{"ma3", "audio/ma3"},
{"ma5", "audio/ma5"},
{"man", "application/x-troff-man"},
{"map", "magnus-internal/imagemap"},
{"mbd", "application/mbedlet"},
{"mct", "application/x-mascot"},
{"mdb", "application/x-msaccess"},
{"mdz", "audio/x-mod"},
{"me", "application/x-troff-me"},
{"mel", "text/x-vmel"},
{"mi", "application/x-mif"},
{"mid", "audio/midi"},
{"midi", "audio/midi"},
{"mif", "application/x-mif"},
{"mil", "image/x-cals"},
{"mio", "audio/x-mio"},
{"mmf", "application/x-skt-lbs"},
{"mng", "video/x-mng"},
{"mny", "application/x-msmoney"},
{"moc", "application/x-mocha"},
{"mocha", "application/x-mocha"},
{"mod", "audio/x-mod"},
{"mof", "application/x-yumekara"},
{"mol", "chemical/x-mdl-molfile"},
{"mop", "chemical/x-mopac-input"},
{"mov", "video/quicktime"},
{"movie", "video/x-sgi-movie"},
{"mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{"mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
{"mp4", "video/mp4"},
{"mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
{"mpe", "video/mpeg"},
{"mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
{"mpg video/mpeg"},
{"mpg4", "video/mp4"},
{"mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
{"mpn", "application/vnd.mophun.application"},
{"mpp", "application/vnd.ms-project"},
{"mps", "application/x-mapserver"},
{"mrl", "text/x-mrml"},
{"mrm", "application/x-mrm"},
{"ms", "application/x-troff-ms"},
{"msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
{"mts", "application/metastream"},
{"mtx", "application/metastream"},
{"mtz", "application/metastream"},
{"mzv", "application/metastream"},
{"nar", "application/zip"},
{"nbmp", "image/nbmp"},
{"nc", "application/x-netcdf"},
{"ndb", "x-lml/x-ndb"},
{"ndwn", "application/ndwn"},
{"nif", "application/x-nif"},
{"nmz", "application/x-scream"},
{"nokia-op-logo", "image/vnd.nok-oplogo-color"},
{"npx", "application/x-netfpx"},
{"nsnd", "audio/nsnd"},
{"nva", "application/x-neva1"},
{"oda", "application/oda"},
{"ogg", "audio/ogg"},
{"oom", "application/x-AtlasMate-Plugin"},
{"pac", "audio/x-pac"},
{"pae", "audio/x-epac"},
{"pan", "application/x-pan"},
{"pbm", "image/x-portable-bitmap"},
{"pcx", "image/x-pcx"},
{"pda", "image/x-pda"},
{"pdb", "chemical/x-pdb"},
{"pdf", "application/pdf"},
{"pfr", "application/font-tdpfr"},
{"pgm", "image/x-portable-graymap"},
{"pict", "image/x-pict"},
{"pm", "application/x-perl"},
{"pmd", "application/x-pmd"},
{"png", "image/png"},
{"pnm", "image/x-portable-anymap"},
{"pnz", "image/png"},
{"pot", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{"ppm", "image/x-portable-pixmap"},
{"pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{"ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
{"pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"},
{"pqf", "application/x-cprplayer"},
{"pqi", "application/cprplayer"},
{"prc", "application/x-prc"},
{"prop", "text/plain"},
{"proxy", "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig"},
{"ps", "application/postscript"},
{"ptlk", "application/listenup"},
{"pub", "application/x-mspublisher"},
{"pvx", "video/x-pv-pvx"},
{"qcp", "audio/vnd.qcelp"},
{"qt", "video/quicktime"},
{"qti", "image/x-quicktime"},
{"qtif", "image/x-quicktime"},
{"r3t", "text/vnd.rn-realtext3d"},
{"ra", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{"ram", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{"rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"},
{"ras", "image/x-cmu-raster"},
{"rc", "text/plain"},
{"rdf", "application/rdf+xml"},
{"rf", "image/vnd.rn-realflash"},
{"rgb", "image/x-rgb"},
{"rlf", "application/x-richlink"},
{"rm", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{"rmf", "audio/x-rmf"},
{"rmm", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{"rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
{"rnx", "application/vnd.rn-realplayer"},
{"roff", "application/x-troff"},
{"rp", "image/vnd.rn-realpix"},
{"rpm", "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin"},
{"rt", "text/vnd.rn-realtext"},
{"rte", "x-lml/x-gps"},
{"rtf", "application/rtf"},
{"rtg", "application/metastream"},
{"rtx", "text/richtext"},
{"rv", "video/vnd.rn-realvideo"},
{"rwc", "application/x-rogerwilco"},
{"s3m", "audio/x-mod"},
{"s3z", "audio/x-mod"},
{"sca", "application/x-supercard"},
{"scd", "application/x-msschedule"},
{"sdf", "application/e-score"},
{"sea", "application/x-stuffit"},
{"sgm", "text/x-sgml"},
{"sgml", "text/x-sgml"},
{"sh", "application/x-sh"},
{"shar", "application/x-shar"},
{"shtml", "magnus-internal/parsed-html"},
{"shw", "application/presentations"},
{"si6", "image/si6"},
{"si7", "image/vnd.stiwap.sis"},
{"si9", "image/vnd.lgtwap.sis"},
{"sis", "application/vnd.symbian.install"},
{"sit", "application/x-stuffit"},
{"skd", "application/x-Koan"},
{"skm", "application/x-Koan"},
{"skp", "application/x-Koan"},
{"skt", "application/x-Koan"},
{"slc", "application/x-salsa"},
{"smd", "audio/x-smd"},
{"smi", "application/smil"},
{"smil", "application/smil"},
{"smp", "application/studiom"},
{"smz", "audio/x-smd"},
{"snd", "audio/basic"},
{"spc", "text/x-speech"},
{"spl", "application/futuresplash"},
{"spr", "application/x-sprite"},
{"sprite", "application/x-sprite"},
{"spt", "application/x-spt"},
{"src", "application/x-wais-source"},
{"stk", "application/hyperstudio"},
{"stm", "audio/x-mod"},
{"sv4cpio", "application/x-sv4cpio"},
{"sv4crc", "application/x-sv4crc"},
{"svf", "image/vnd"},
{"svg", "image/svg-xml"},
{"svh", "image/svh"},
{"svr", "x-world/x-svr"},
{"swf", "application/x-shockwave-flash"},
{"swfl", "application/x-shockwave-flash"},
{"t", "application/x-troff"},
{"tad", "application/octet-stream"},
{"talk", "text/x-speech"},
{"tar", "application/x-tar"},
{"taz", "application/x-tar"},
{"tbp", "application/x-timbuktu"},
{"tbt", "application/x-timbuktu"},
{"tcl", "application/x-tcl"},
{"tex", "application/x-tex"},
{"texi", "application/x-texinfo"},
{"texinfo", "application/x-texinfo"},
{"tgz", "application/x-tar"},
{"thm", "application/vnd.eri.thm"},
{"tif", "image/tiff"},
{"tiff", "image/tiff"},
{"tki", "application/x-tkined"},
{"tkined", "application/x-tkined"},
{"toc", "application/toc"},
{"toy", "image/toy"},
{"tr", "application/x-troff"},
{"trk", "x-lml/x-gps"},
{"trm", "application/x-msterminal"},
{"tsi", "audio/tsplayer"},
{"tsp", "application/dsptype"},
{"tsv", "text/tab-separated-values"},
{"tsv", "text/tab-separated-values"},
{"ttf", "application/octet-stream"},
{"ttz", "application/t-time"},
{"txt", "text/plain"},
{"ult", "audio/x-mod"},
{"ustar", "application/x-ustar"},
{"uu", "application/x-uuencode"},
{"uue", "application/x-uuencode"},
{"vcd", "application/x-cdlink"},
{"vcf", "text/x-vcard"},
{"vdo", "video/vdo"},
{"vib", "audio/vib"},
{"viv", "video/vivo"},
{"vivo", "video/vivo"},
{"vmd", "application/vocaltec-media-desc"},
{"vmf", "application/vocaltec-media-file"},
{"vmi", "application/x-dreamcast-vms-info"},
{"vms", "application/x-dreamcast-vms"},
{"vox", "audio/voxware"},
{"vqe", "audio/x-twinvq-plugin"},
{"vqf", "audio/x-twinvq"},
{"vql", "audio/x-twinvq"},
{"vre", "x-world/x-vream"},
{"vrml", "x-world/x-vrml"},
{"vrt", "x-world/x-vrt"},
{"vrw", "x-world/x-vream"},
{"vts", "workbook/formulaone"},
{"wav", "audio/x-wav"},
{"wax", "audio/x-ms-wax"},
{"wbmp", "image/vnd.wap.wbmp"},
{"web", "application/vnd.xara"},
{"wi", "image/wavelet"},
{"wis", "application/x-InstallShield"},
{"wm", "video/x-ms-wm"},
{"wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
{"wmd", "application/x-ms-wmd"},
{"wmf", "application/x-msmetafile"},
{"wml", "text/vnd.wap.wml"},
{"wmlc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlc"},
{"wmls", "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript"},
{"wmlsc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc"},
{"wmlscript", "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript"},
{"wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
{"wmx", "video/x-ms-wmx"},
{"wmz", "application/x-ms-wmz"},
{"wpng", "image/x-up-wpng"},
{"wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
{"wpt", "x-lml/x-gps"},
{"wri", "application/x-mswrite"},
{"wrl", "x-world/x-vrml"},
{"wrz", "x-world/x-vrml"},
{"ws", "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript"},
{"wsc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc"},
{"wv", "video/wavelet"},
{"wvx", "video/x-ms-wvx"},
{"wxl", "application/x-wxl"},
{"x-gzip", "application/x-gzip"},
{"xar", "application/vnd.xara"},
{"xbm", "image/x-xbitmap"},
{"xdm", "application/x-xdma"},
{"xdma", "application/x-xdma"},
{"xdw", "application/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks"},
{"xht", "application/xhtml+xml"},
{"xhtm", "application/xhtml+xml"},
{"xhtml", "application/xhtml+xml"},
{"xla", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{"xlc", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{"xll", "application/x-excel"},
{"xlm", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{"xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{"xlt", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{"xlw", "application/vnd.ms-excel"},
{"xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"},
{"xm", "audio/x-mod"},
{"xml", "text/xml"},
{"xmz", "audio/x-mod"},
{"xpi", "application/x-xpinstall"},
{"xpm", "image/x-xpixmap"},
{"xsit", "text/xml"},
{"xsl", "text/xml"},
{"xul", "text/xul"},
{"xwd", "image/x-xwindowdump"},
{"xyz", "chemical/x-pdb"},
{"yz1", "application/x-yz1"},
{"z", "application/x-compress"},
{"zac", "application/x-zaurus-zac"},
{"zip", "application/zip"},
{"", "*/*"}
};
如果有新的文件后缀，以及相应的MIME类型，只需要往表MIME_MapTable添加对应的条目即可。