OCM_简化安装oracle10.2.0.1.0以及升级为10.2.0.2.0

一，这里主要使用oracle-validated包来简化安装oracle软件的一些配置。

二，安装10.2.0.1.0的oracle数据库软件。

三，升级10.2.0.2.0的oracle数据库软件。

一、配置本地yum环境

1.创建介质装载目录/media/disk:

[root@ocm1 ~]# mkdir /media/disk

2.插入OEL DVD光盘

3.装载目录:

[root@ocm1 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk/

mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only

[root@ocm1 ~]# 

4. 创建yum 配置文件：

[root@ocm1 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# ll

total 0

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# vi public-yum-el5.repo

[oel5]

name=Oracle Liunx server 5.4 i386 dvd

baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# cat public-yum-el5.repo 

[oel5]

name=Oracle Liunx server 5.4 i386 dvd

baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

二、安装oracle-validated软件包

5.正式安装oracle-validated软件包环境，使用yum install oracle-validated 命令:

使用oracle-validated包来配置oracle搭建所需的系统环境。
这个是oracle linux特有的包，减少大家在搭建oracle时安装各种系统包，调整系统参数，建用户和组等。

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# yum install oracle-validated

Loaded plugins: security

oel5                                                                    | 1.1 kB     00:00     

oel5/primary                                                            | 795 kB     00:00     

oel5                                                                                 2278/2278

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package oracle-validated.i386 0:1.0.0-18.el5 set to be updated

--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34 for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: libXp for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: gdb for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: compat-db for package: oracle-validated

--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34-c++ for package: oracle-validated

--> Running transaction check

---> Package compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 set to be updated

---> Package compat-gcc-34.i386 0:3.4.6-4 set to be updated

---> Package compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 0:3.4.6-4 set to be updated

---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated

--> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel-static-i386 = 0.137-3.el5 for package: elfutils-libelf-devel

---> Package gcc.i386 0:4.1.2-46.el5 set to be updated

--> Processing Dependency: libgomp >= 4.1.2-46.el5 for package: gcc

---> Package gcc-c++.i386 0:4.1.2-46.el5 set to be updated

---> Package gdb.i386 0:6.8-37.el5 set to be updated

---> Package glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-42 set to be updated

---> Package glibc-headers.i386 0:2.5-42 set to be updated

---> Package kernel-headers.i386 0:2.6.18-164.el5 set to be updated

---> Package libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 set to be updated

---> Package libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-3.2 set to be updated

---> Package libstdc++-devel.i386 0:4.1.2-46.el5 set to be updated

oel5/filelists                                                          | 2.3 MB     00:00     

---> Package sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-3.el5 set to be updated

---> Package unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated

---> Package unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated

--> Running transaction check

---> Package elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated

---> Package libgomp.i386 0:4.4.0-6.el5 set to be updated

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===============================================================================================

 Package                              Arch         Version                  Repository    Size

===============================================================================================

Installing:

 oracle-validated                     i386         1.0.0-18.el5             oel5          15 k

Installing for dependencies:

 compat-db                            i386         4.2.52-5.1               oel5         1.7 M

 compat-gcc-34                        i386         3.4.6-4                  oel5         4.1 M

 compat-gcc-34-c++                    i386         3.4.6-4                  oel5          11 M

 elfutils-libelf-devel                i386         0.137-3.el5              oel5          24 k

 elfutils-libelf-devel-static         i386         0.137-3.el5              oel5          66 k

 gcc                                  i386         4.1.2-46.el5             oel5         5.2 M

 gcc-c++                              i386         4.1.2-46.el5             oel5         3.4 M

 gdb                                  i386         6.8-37.el5               oel5         3.4 M

 glibc-devel                          i386         2.5-42                   oel5         2.0 M

 glibc-headers                        i386         2.5-42                   oel5         614 k

 kernel-headers                       i386         2.6.18-164.el5           oel5         1.0 M

 libXp                                i386         1.0.0-8.1.el5            oel5          22 k

 libaio-devel                         i386         0.3.106-3.2              oel5          11 k

 libgomp                              i386         4.4.0-6.el5              oel5          70 k

 libstdc++-devel                      i386         4.1.2-46.el5             oel5         2.9 M

 sysstat                              i386         7.0.2-3.el5              oel5         170 k

 unixODBC                             i386         2.2.11-7.1               oel5         830 k

 unixODBC-devel                       i386         2.2.11-7.1               oel5         743 k

Transaction Summary

===============================================================================================

Install     19 Package(s)         

Update       0 Package(s)         

Remove       0 Package(s)         

Total download size: 37 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                          2.2 GB/s |  37 MB     00:00     

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Finished Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Installing     : kernel-headers                                                                           1/19 

  Installing     : glibc-headers                                                                            2/19 

  Installing     : glibc-devel                                                                              3/19 

  Installing     : libstdc++-devel                                                                     4/19   

  Installing     : compat-gcc-34                                                                        5/19 

  Installing     : unixODBC                                                                                  6/19 

  Installing     : compat-gcc-34-c++                                                                         7/19 

  Installing     : libXp                                                                                     8/19 

  Installing     : compat-db                                                                                 9/19 

  Installing     : sysstat                                                                                  10/19 

  Installing     : libgomp                                                                                  11/19 

  Installing     : gcc                                                                                      12/19 

  Installing     : gcc-c++                                                                                  13/19 

  Installing     : gdb                                                                                      14/19 

  Installing     : unixODBC-devel                                                                           15/19 

  Installing     : libaio-devel                                                                             16/19 

  Installing     : elfutils-libelf-devel                                                                    17/19 

  Installing     : elfutils-libelf-devel-static                                                             18/19 

  Installing     : oracle-validated                                                                         19/19 

Installed:

  oracle-validated.i386 0:1.0.0-18.el5                                                                            

Dependency Installed:

  compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1                                 compat-gcc-34.i386 0:3.4.6-4                        

  compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 0:3.4.6-4                            elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5            

  elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5             gcc.i386 0:4.1.2-46.el5                             

  gcc-c++.i386 0:4.1.2-46.el5                                 gdb.i386 0:6.8-37.el5                               

  glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-42                                   glibc-headers.i386 0:2.5-42                         

  kernel-headers.i386 0:2.6.18-164.el5                        libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5                          

  libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-3.2                             libgomp.i386 0:4.4.0-6.el5                          

  libstdc++-devel.i386 0:4.1.2-46.el5                         sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-3.el5                          

  unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1                                  unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1                    

Complete!

6.查看/etc/sysctl.conf

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Enterprise Linux

#

# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and

# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.

# Controls IP packet forwarding

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

# Controls source route verification

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

# Do not accept source routing

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel

kernel.sysrq = 1

# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename

# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

# Controls the use of TCP syncookies

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue

kernel.msgmax = 8192

# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages

kernel.shmall = 1073741824

fs.file-max = 327679

kernel.msgmni = 2878

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142

kernel.shmmni = 4096

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

# For 11g recommended value for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

# For 10g uncomment the following line, comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p

# net.core.rmem_max=2097152

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# 

7.查看/etc/security/limits.conf

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]#  cat /etc/security/limits.conf

# /etc/security/limits.conf

#

#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:

#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>

#Where:

#<domain> can be:

#        - an user name

#        - a group name, with @group syntax

#        - the wildcard *, for default entry

#        - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,

#                 for maxlogin limit

#<type> can have the two values:

#        - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits

#        - "hard" for enforcing hard limits

#<item> can be one of the following:

#        - core - limits the core file size (KB)

#        - data - max data size (KB)

#        - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)

#        - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)

#        - nofile - max number of open files

#        - rss - max resident set size (KB)

#        - stack - max stack size (KB)

#        - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)

#        - nproc - max number of processes

#        - as - address space limit

#        - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user

#        - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system

#        - priority - the priority to run user process with

#        - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold

#        - sigpending - max number of pending signals

#        - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)

#        - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to

#        - rtprio - max realtime priority

#<domain>      <type>  <item>         <value>

#*               soft    core            0

#*               hard    rss             10000

#@student        hard    nproc           20

#@faculty        soft    nproc           20

#@faculty        hard    nproc           50

#ftp             hard    nproc           0

#@student        -       maxlogins       4

# End of file

oracle   soft   nofile    131072

oracle   hard   nofile    131072

oracle   soft   nproc    131072

oracle   hard   nproc    131072

oracle   soft   core    unlimited

oracle   hard   core    unlimited

oracle   soft   memlock    3500000

oracle   hard   memlock    3500000

# Recommended stack hard limit 32MB for oracle installations

# oracle   hard   stack    32768

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# 

8.查看环境变量，这里需要自己配置

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# 

三、安装数据库软件

9.建立/u01目录，并更改其目录的属组

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# mkdir /u01

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

10.更改oracle用户的密码

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# id oracle

uid=500(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),500(dba)

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password: 

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password: 

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@ocm1 yum.repos.d]# 

11.上传oracle安装包，解压，移动到/u01目录。（我这里使用Xmanager4的Xftp来上传的）

[root@ocm1 media]# unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip

[root@ocm1 media]# mv database/ /u01

[root@ocm1 media]# cd /u01/

[root@ocm1 u01]# ll

total 4

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul  3  2005 database

[root@ocm1 u01]# chown -R oracle:oinstall database/

[root@ocm1 u01]# ll

total 4

drwxr-xr-x 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  3  2005 database

12.配置oracle用户的环境变量

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

13.启动Xmanager4-Passive，以便在本机以图形界面安装oracle

本机ip地址是192.168.1.104

[root@ocm1 ~]# xhost+

-bash: xhost+: command not found

[root@ocm1 ~]# export DISPLAY=192.168.1.104:0.0

[root@ocm1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd /u01/database/

[oracle@ocm1 database]$ ll

total 28

drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  3  2005 doc

drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  3  2005 install

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  3  2005 response

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1327 Jul  3  2005 runInstaller

drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  3  2005 stage

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 5213 Jul  3  2005 welcome.html

[oracle@ocm1 database]$ ./runInstaller 

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking installer requirements...

Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2

                                      Passed

All installer requirements met.

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2014-04-12_04-16-52PM. Please wait ...[oracle@ocm1 database]$ 

1.安装的第一个界面，选择“Advanced Installation”。

2.之前配置环境变量后，这里默认，点击“Next”。

3.选择企业版，“Enterprise Edition”。

4.自动带出设置的环境变量，默认，“Next”。

5.先决条件检查，全通过，点击“Next”。

6.这里选择只安装数据库软件，“Install database Software only”。因为之后要手动创建一个PROD的数据库。

7.显示的摘要信息，默认，点击“Install”。

8.安装过程中，会弹出如下，在root用户下运行以下两个脚本。

[root@ocm1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete

[root@ocm1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 

   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[root@ocm1 ~]# 

9.oracle软件安装完毕。

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 12 20:52:05 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> 

四、升级数据库软件

14. 这里安装是10.2.0.1.0的oracle软件，而考试的环境是10.2.0.2.0，所有这里我升级了下。

打补丁，升级为10.2.0.2

[root@ocm1 media]# unzip p4547817_10202_LINUX.zip 

[root@ocm1 media]# mv Disk1/ /u01/

[root@ocm1 media]# cd /u01/

[root@ocm1 u01]# ll

total 12

drwxrwx--- 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 12 16:17 app

drwxr-xr-x 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  3  2005 database

drwxr-xr-x 5 root   root     4096 Feb 25  2006 Disk1

[root@ocm1 u01]# chown -R oracle:oinstall Disk1/

[root@ocm1 u01]# ll

total 12

drwxrwx--- 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 12 16:17 app

drwxr-xr-x 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul  3  2005 database

drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4096 Feb 25  2006 Disk1

[root@ocm1 u01]# 

[root@ocm1 u01]# su - oracle

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd /u01/Disk1/

[oracle@ocm1 Disk1]$ ll

total 472

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 343141 Feb 25  2006 10202_buglist.htm

drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle oinstall   4096 Feb  6  2006 install

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 110645 Feb 25  2006 patchnote.htm

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall   4096 Feb  6  2006 response

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall   1430 Feb  6  2006 runInstaller

drwxr-xr-x 9 oracle oinstall   4096 Feb 25  2006 stage

[oracle@ocm1 Disk1]$ ./runInstaller 

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking installer requirements...

Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2

                                      Passed

All installer requirements met.

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2014-04-12_08-57-24PM. Please wait ...[oracle@ocm1 Disk1]$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 10.2.0.2.0 Production

Copyright (C) 1999, 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.

1. 欢迎界面，默认，点击“Next”。

2.默认，注意，Name和Path和安装10.2.0.1.0一致。

3.摘要，默认，点击“Install”。

4.开始安装。

#############################################################################################################

安装过程中，出现以下错误是因为我在一个窗口中使用sqlplus连接了oracle数据库，"exit"退出后，点击“Retry”即可。

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Apr 12 20:52:05 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> exit

Bus error

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ 

#################################################################################################################

5.弹出需要运行的脚本，在root用户下执行脚本。

[root@ocm1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 

The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 

[n]: 

The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 

[n]: 

The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 

[n]: 

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[root@ocm1 ~]# 

6.安装成功，再次使用sqlplus登录，即会看见是10.2.0.2.0的oracle的版本。

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.2.0 - Production on Sat Apr 12 21:38:52 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL>