相信大家都玩过B站，B站在登陆的时候有个拼图滑动验证，今天就整合一下前端实现的滑动验证
拖动滑动验证（无背景图片）
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>拖动滑块验证</title> </head> <body> <meta charset="utf8"> <style> /* 滑动控件容器,灰色背景 */ #dragContainer { position: relative; display: inline-block; background: #e8e8e8; width: 300px; height: 33px; border: 2px solid #e8e8e8; } /* 滑块左边部分,绿色背景 */ #dragBg { position: absolute; background-color: #7ac23c; width: 0px; height: 100%; } /* 滑动验证容器文本 */ #dragText { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; /* 文字水平居中 */ text-align: center; /* 文字垂直居中,这里不能用百分比,因为百分比是相对原始line-height的,而非div高度 */ line-height: 33px; /* 文本不允许选中 */ user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; } /* 滑块 */ #dragHandler { position: absolute; width: 40px; height: 100%; cursor: move; } /* 滑块初始背景 */ .dragHandlerBg { background: #fff no-repeat center url("data:image/png;base64,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"); } /* 验证成功时的滑块背景 有√*/ .dragHandlerOkBg { background: #fff no-repeat center url("data:image/png;base64,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"); } </style> <script> //加载（事件会在页面加载完成后触发） window.onload = function() { //获取滑动控件容器,灰色背景 var dragContainer = document.getElementById("dragContainer"); //获取滑块左边部分,绿色背景 var dragBg = document.getElementById("dragBg"); //获取滑动验证容器文本 var dragText = document.getElementById("dragText"); //获取滑块 var dragHandler = document.getElementById("dragHandler"); //滑块的最大偏移量 = 滑动验证容器文本长度 - 滑块长度 var maxHandlerOffset = dragContainer.clientWidth - dragHandler.clientWidth; //是否验证成功的标记 var isVertifySucc = false; initDrag(); function initDrag() { //在滑动验证容器文本写入“拖动滑块验证” dragText.textContent = "拖动滑块验证"; //给滑块添加鼠标按下监听 dragHandler.addEventListener("mousedown", onDragHandlerMouseDown); } //选中滑块 function onDragHandlerMouseDown() { //鼠标移动监听 document.addEventListener("mousemove", onDragHandlerMouseMove); //鼠标松开监听 document.addEventListener("mouseup", onDragHandlerMouseUp); } //滑块移动 function onDragHandlerMouseMove() { /* html元素不存在width属性,只有clientWidth offsetX是相对当前元素的,clientX和pageX是相对其父元素的 */ //滑块移动量 var left = event.clientX - dragHandler.clientWidth / 2; // if(left < 0) { left = 0; //如果滑块移动量 > 滑块的最大偏移量 ，则调用验证成功函数 } else if(left > maxHandlerOffset) { left = maxHandlerOffset; verifySucc(); } //滑块移动量 dragHandler.style.left = left + "px"; //绿色背景的长度 dragBg.style.width = dragHandler.style.left; } //松开滑块函数 function onDragHandlerMouseUp() { //移除鼠标移动监听 document.removeEventListener("mousemove", onDragHandlerMouseMove); //移除鼠标松开监听 document.removeEventListener("mouseup", onDragHandlerMouseUp); //初始化滑块移动量 dragHandler.style.left = 0; //初始化绿色背景 dragBg.style.width = 0; } //验证成功 function verifySucc() { //成功标记，不可回弹 isVertifySucc = false; //容器文本的文字改为白色“验证通过”字体 dragText.textContent = "验证通过"; dragText.style.color = "white"; //验证通过的滑块背景 dragHandler.setAttribute("class", "dragHandlerOkBg"); //移除鼠标按下监听 dragHandler.removeEventListener("mousedown", onDragHandlerMouseDown); //移除 鼠标移动监听 document.removeEventListener("mousemove", onDragHandlerMouseMove); //移除鼠标松开监听 document.removeEventListener("mouseup", onDragHandlerMouseUp); // 匹配成功以后写入你要跳转的页面 window.location.href="成功页面.html"; }; } </script> </head> <body> <div id="dragContainer"><!-- 容器初始背景 --> <div id="dragBg"></div><!-- 绿色背景 --> <div id="dragText"></div><!-- 滑动容器文本 --> <div id="dragHandler" class="dragHandlerBg"></div> </div> <!-- 滑块 滑块初始背景 --> </body> </html>
效果图：
图片滑动验证
css
.block {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
}
.sliderContainer {
position: relative;
text-align: center;
310px;
height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
margin-top: 15px;
background: #f7f9fa;
color: #45494c;
border: 1px solid #e4e7eb;
}
.sliderContainer_active .slider {
height: 38px;
top: -1px;
border: 1px solid #1991FA;
}
.sliderContainer_active .sliderMask {
height: 38px;
border- 1px;
}
.sliderContainer_success .slider {
height: 38px;
top: -1px;
border: 1px solid #52CCBA;
background-color: #52CCBA !important;
}
.sliderContainer_success .sliderMask {
height: 38px;
border: 1px solid #52CCBA;
background-color: #D2F4EF;
}
.sliderContainer_success .sliderIcon {
background-position: 0 0 !important;
}
.sliderContainer_fail .slider {
height: 38px;
top: -1px;
border: 1px solid #f57a7a;
background-color: #f57a7a !important;
}
.sliderContainer_fail .sliderMask {
height: 38px;
border: 1px solid #f57a7a;
background-color: #fce1e1;
}
.sliderContainer_fail .sliderIcon {
top: 14px;
background-position: 0 -82px !important;
}
.sliderContainer_active .sliderText, .sliderContainer_success .sliderText, .sliderContainer_fail .sliderText {
display: none;
}
.sliderMask {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
height: 40px;
border: 0 solid #1991FA;
background: #D1E9FE;
}
.slider {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
40px;
height: 40px;
background: #fff;
box-shadow: 0 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
cursor: pointer;
transition: background .2s linear;
}
.slider:hover {
background: #1991FA;
}
.slider:hover .sliderIcon {
background-position: 0 -13px;
}
.sliderIcon {
position: absolute;
top: 15px;
left: 13px;
14px;
height: 12px;
background: url(http://cstaticdun.126.net//2.6.3/images/icon_light.f13cff3.png) 0 -26px;
background-size: 34px 471px;
}
.refreshIcon {
position: absolute;
right: 0;
top: 0;
34px;
height: 34px;
cursor: pointer;
background: url(http://cstaticdun.126.net//2.6.3/images/icon_light.f13cff3.png) 0 -437px;
background-size: 34px 471px;
}
js
(function (window) { const l = 42, // 滑块边长 r = 9, // 滑块半径 w = 310, // canvas宽度 h = 155, // canvas高度 PI = Math.PI const L = l + r * 2 + 3 // 滑块实际边长 function getRandomNumberByRange (start, end) { return Math.round(Math.random() * (end - start) + start) } function createCanvas (width, height) { const canvas = createElement('canvas') canvas.width = width canvas.height = height return canvas } function createImg (onload) { const img = createElement('img') img.crossOrigin = "Anonymous" img.onload = onload img.onerror = () => { img.src = getRandomImg() } img.src = getRandomImg() return img } function createElement (tagName, className) { const elment = document.createElement(tagName) elment.className = className return elment } function addClass (tag, className) { tag.classList.add(className) } function removeClass (tag, className) { tag.classList.remove(className) } function getRandomImg () { return 'https://picsum.photos/300/150/?image=' + getRandomNumberByRange(0, 1084) } function draw (ctx, x, y, operation) { ctx.beginPath() ctx.moveTo(x, y) ctx.arc(x + l / 2, y - r + 2, r, 0.72 * PI, 2.26 * PI) ctx.lineTo(x + l, y) ctx.arc(x + l + r - 2, y + l / 2, r, 1.21 * PI, 2.78 * PI) ctx.lineTo(x + l, y + l) ctx.lineTo(x, y + l) ctx.arc(x + r - 2, y + l / 2, r + 0.4, 2.76 * PI, 1.24 * PI, true) ctx.lineTo(x, y) ctx.lineWidth = 2 ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7)' ctx.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7)' ctx.stroke() ctx[operation]() ctx.globalCompositeOperation = 'overlay' } function sum (x, y) { return x + y } function square (x) { return x * x } class jigsaw { constructor ({ el, onSuccess, onFail, onRefresh }) { el.style.position = el.style.position || 'relative' this.el = el this.onSuccess = onSuccess this.onFail = onFail this.onRefresh = onRefresh } init () { this.initDOM() this.initImg() this.bindEvents() } initDOM () { const canvas = createCanvas(w, h) // 画布 const block = canvas.cloneNode(true) // 滑块 const sliderContainer = createElement('div', 'sliderContainer') const refreshIcon = createElement('div', 'refreshIcon') const sliderMask = createElement('div', 'sliderMask') const slider = createElement('div', 'slider') const sliderIcon = createElement('span', 'sliderIcon') const text = createElement('span', 'sliderText') block.className = 'block' text.innerHTML = '向右滑动填充拼图' const el = this.el el.appendChild(canvas) el.appendChild(refreshIcon) el.appendChild(block) slider.appendChild(sliderIcon) sliderMask.appendChild(slider) sliderContainer.appendChild(sliderMask) sliderContainer.appendChild(text) el.appendChild(sliderContainer) Object.assign(this, { canvas, block, sliderContainer, refreshIcon, slider, sliderMask, sliderIcon, text, canvasCtx: canvas.getContext('2d'), blockCtx: block.getContext('2d') }) } initImg () { const img = createImg(() => { this.draw() this.canvasCtx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, w, h) this.blockCtx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, w, h) const y = this.y - r * 2 - 1 const ImageData = this.blockCtx.getImageData(this.x - 3, y, L, L) this.block.width = L this.blockCtx.putImageData(ImageData, 0, y) }) this.img = img } draw () { // 随机创建滑块的位置 this.x = getRandomNumberByRange(L + 10, w - (L + 10)) this.y = getRandomNumberByRange(10 + r * 2, h - (L + 10)) draw(this.canvasCtx, this.x, this.y, 'fill') draw(this.blockCtx, this.x, this.y, 'clip') } clean () { this.canvasCtx.clearRect(0, 0, w, h) this.blockCtx.clearRect(0, 0, w, h) this.block.width = w } bindEvents () { this.el.onselectstart = () => false this.refreshIcon.onclick = () => { this.reset() typeof this.onRefresh === 'function' && this.onRefresh() } let originX, originY, trail = [], isMouseDown = false const handleDragStart = function (e) { originX = e.clientX || e.touches[0].clientX originY = e.clientY || e.touches[0].clientY isMouseDown = true } const handleDragMove = (e) => { if (!isMouseDown) return false const eventX = e.clientX || e.touches[0].clientX const eventY = e.clientY || e.touches[0].clientY const moveX = eventX - originX const moveY = eventY - originY if (moveX < 0 || moveX + 38 >= w) return false this.slider.style.left = moveX + 'px' const blockLeft = (w - 40 - 20) / (w - 40) * moveX this.block.style.left = blockLeft + 'px' addClass(this.sliderContainer, 'sliderContainer_active') this.sliderMask.style.width = moveX + 'px' trail.push(moveY) } const handleDragEnd = (e) => { if (!isMouseDown) return false isMouseDown = false const eventX = e.clientX || e.changedTouches[0].clientX if (eventX == originX) return false removeClass(this.sliderContainer, 'sliderContainer_active') this.trail = trail const { spliced, verified } = this.verify() if (spliced) { if (verified) { addClass(this.sliderContainer, 'sliderContainer_success') typeof this.onSuccess === 'function' && this.onSuccess() } else { addClass(this.sliderContainer, 'sliderContainer_fail') this.text.innerHTML = '再试一次' this.reset() } } else { addClass(this.sliderContainer, 'sliderContainer_fail') typeof this.onFail === 'function' && this.onFail() setTimeout(() => { this.reset() }, 1000) } } this.slider.addEventListener('mousedown', handleDragStart) this.slider.addEventListener('touchstart', handleDragStart) document.addEventListener('mousemove', handleDragMove) document.addEventListener('touchmove', handleDragMove) document.addEventListener('mouseup', handleDragEnd) document.addEventListener('touchend', handleDragEnd) } verify () { const arr = this.trail // 拖动时y轴的移动距离 const average = arr.reduce(sum) / arr.length const deviations = arr.map(x => x - average) const stddev = Math.sqrt(deviations.map(square).reduce(sum) / arr.length) const left = parseInt(this.block.style.left) return { spliced: Math.abs(left - this.x) < 10, verified: stddev !== 0, // 简单验证下拖动轨迹，为零时表示Y轴上下没有波动，可能非人为操作 } } reset () { this.sliderContainer.className = 'sliderContainer' this.slider.style.left = 0 this.block.style.left = 0 this.sliderMask.style.width = 0 this.clean() this.img.src = getRandomImg() } } window.jigsaw = { init: function (opts) { return new jigsaw(opts).init() } } }(window))
引用页面：
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/hdyz.css"> <script src="../js/myyz.js"></script> <div id="captcha"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> jigsaw.init({ el: document.getElementById('captcha'), }) </script>
效果图：
