LVM

参考 中文站    中原     51 

http://dreamfire.blog.51cto.com/418026/1084729/

http://os.51cto.com/art/201409/450584.htm

system-storage-manager 

对硬盘分区

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

m      帮助

l         有8e可选

n     新建

p     主分区

回车  默认开始   n之后直接回车默认从1开始

+5G      设置大小为5G   last  

t        #改变格式  

1       选择为sdb1

8e         #    LVM格式

p   #打印查看

w  #保存

 到这里/dev/就会多出几个sdbX  如果找不到就运行partprobe进行不关机重新读取分区表

 上面操作是对sdb1和sdb2进行lvm格式操作

pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2}   #创建物理卷

vgcreate zzxvg /dev/sdb{1,2}    #创建卷组    把两个物理卷组成一个卷组

lvcreate -L +1G -n zzxlv1 zzxvg    ＃把卷组 zzxvg 中  创建 一个大小为1G的 逻辑卷 zzxlv1   剩下的空间还可以接着创建逻辑卷  之后这些逻辑卷的大小可以互相增减

mkfs.ext2 /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv1       #格式化逻辑卷

增加空间

 

增加到9G （原来9G的话会提示nothing to do） （ lvextend -L +10G /dev/mapper/mVG-appdata）

lvextend -L 9G /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv

resize2fs /dev/mapper/mVG-appdata(否则df -h还是不变)

 

 

 

 减少一定要umount后再操作！！！！！！！！！

减少（lvreduce -L -30G -f -r /dev/mapper/mVG-appdata）

 

lvreduce -L 3G -f -r /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv（一般不用e2fsck，e2fsck -f /dev/zzxvg/zzxlv    #先umount然后运行此命令        强制umount   出错就需要重启电脑）

 

 partprobe   #将内核的  分区表  更新

 

 

 

LVM扩容

vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/hda6    #扩展卷组VolGroup00    添加dha6这个划分好的pv到卷组VolGroup00 

lvdisplay #查看已经存在的LV信息，以存在LV：LogVol01为例

lvextend –L 1G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 #扩展LV（加-r 就不用下面那一句了）

resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 #执行该重设大小，对于当前正在使用的LogVol01有效

df –h #查看挂载情况，已经扩容

vgextent  datavg  /dev/sdb2    # 扩容vg 

lvextent  -L  +38G  -f  -r  /dev/mapper/datavg-lv_appdata 

                                       /dev/datavg/lv_appdata 

df-h

xfs不能动态减小lvreduce 加了-r会提示无法减小如果不加-r就会减小不过还是报错，就要卸载再强制格式化   mkfs.xfs -f  /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata  后再挂载

所以xfs可以把磁盘数据拷贝出来，然后lvreduce 不加-r 

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 11G 33M 11G 1% /appdata
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# lvreduce -L -3G -f -r /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
fsadm: Xfs filesystem shrinking is unsupported.
/usr/sbin/fsadm failed: 1
Filesystem resize failed.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# lvreduce -L -3G -f /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 8.00 GiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Size of logical volume myvg/appdata changed from 11.00 GiB (2816 extents) to 8.00 GiB (2048 extents).
Logical volume myvg/appdata successfully resized.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 11G 33M 11G 1% /appdata
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# cd /appdata/
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# ll
total 0
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 11G 33M 11G 1% /appdata
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# umount /appdata/
umount: /appdata: target is busy.
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# umount -f /appdata/
umount: /appdata: target is busy.
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# fuser -uv /appdata/
USER PID ACCESS COMMAND
/appdata: root kernel mount (root)/appdata
root 2384 ..c.. (root)bash
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# ps -ef|grep 2384
root 2384 2362 0 22:43 pts/0 00:00:03 -bash
root 3529 2384 0 23:11 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
root 3530 2384 0 23:11 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 2384
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# kill -15 2384
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# ps -ef|grep 2384
root 2384 2362 0 22:43 pts/0 00:00:03 -bash
root 3531 2384 0 23:12 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
root 3532 2384 0 23:12 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 2384
[root@nmserver-7 appdata]# kill -9 2384

Connection closed by foreign host.

Disconnected from remote host(192.168.67.135:22) at 14:12:20.

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:~]$ ssh root@192.168.67.135

Connecting to 192.168.67.135:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Last login: Sat Mar 31 22:43:52 2018 from 192.168.67.1
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# umount /appdata/
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# xfs_repair /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
Phase 1 - find and verify superblock...
error reading superblock 3 -- seek to offset 8858370048 failed
couldn't verify primary superblock - attempted to perform I/O beyond EOF !!!

attempting to find secondary superblock...
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................found candidate secondary superblock...
verified secondary superblock...
writing modified primary superblock
xfs_repair: error - read only 0 of 512 bytes

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata /appdata/
mount: /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata: can't read superblock
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
mkfs.xfs: /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata appears to contain an existing filesystem (xfs).
mkfs.xfs: Use the -f option to force overwrite.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata
meta-data=/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=524288 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=2097152, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg-appdata /appdata/
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 48G 5.8G 42G 12% /
devtmpfs 474M 0 474M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 7.2M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 98M 32K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sda1 297M 141M 156M 48% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/myvg-appdata 8.0G 33M 8.0G 1% /appdata