• 二进制包安装MySQL数据库


    1.1二进制包安装MySQL数据库

    1.1.1 安装前准备(规范)

     1 [root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir -p /home/zhurui/tools  ##创建指定工具包存放路径
     2 [root@Mysql_server ~]# wget http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/pub/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz  ##下载二进制包
     3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz   ##解压Mysql包
     4 [root@Mysql_server tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql  ##创建mysql用户
     5 [root@Mysql_server tools]# id mysql
     6 uid=501(mysql) gid=501(mysql) groups=501(mysql)
     7 [root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir /application/
     8 [root@Mysql_server home]# mv /home/zhurui/tools/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.32  
     9 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
    10 total 4
    11 drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.32
    12 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql  ##设置软链接
    13 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
    14 total 4
    15 lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root   26 Dec 13 14:39 mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.32/
    16 drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.32
    17 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/
    18 total 76
    19 drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 bin
    20 -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel 17987 Jun 19  2013 COPYING
    21 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 data
    22 drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:30 docs
    23 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 include
    24 -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  7470 Jun 19  2013 INSTALL-BINARY
    25 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 lib
    26 drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 man
    27 drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-test
    28 -rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  2496 Jun 19  2013 README
    29 drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 scripts
    30 drwxr-xr-x. 27 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 share
    31 drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 sql-bench
    32 drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 support-files

    1.1.2 初始化数据库

     1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql  ##初始化数据库
     2 Installing MySQL system tables...
     3 OK
     4 Filling help tables...
     5 OK
     6 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/data/  ##查看初始化结果
     7 total 12
     8 drwx------. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:45 mysql
     9 drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 13 14:45 performance_schema
    10 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 test

    1.1.3 授权Mysql管理数据库文件

    1 [root@Mysql_server ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
    2 [root@Mysql_server ~]# ll /application/mysql
    3 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 26 Dec 13 14:39 /application/mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.32/

    1.1.4 生成Mysql配置文件

    1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

    1.1.5 配置启动Mysql

    1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server 
    2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  ##将生成的启动脚本拷贝到init.d目录下
    3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 

    1.1.6 启动Mysql

    1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306  ##查询Mysql服务是否开启
    2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# 
    3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start  ##启动Mysql服务
    4 Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS! 
    5 [root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306
    6 COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
    7 mysqld  2235 mysql   10u  IPv4  22761      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
    8 [root@Mysql_server tools]# 

    1.1.7 配置环境变量

    方法1:

    1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/ ##方法1

    方法2:

    1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# tail -1 /etc/profile
    2 PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"   ##尾部添加如下行
    3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# source /etc/profile    ##使得配置生效

    1.1.8 设置及更改密码

    1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot password 123456   
    2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password zhurui

    2.1 数据库管理

     1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysql -uroot -p
     2 Enter password: 
     3 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
     4 Your MySQL connection id is 8
     5 Server version: 5.5.32 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
     6 
     7 Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
     8 
     9 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    10 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    11 owners.
    12 
    13 Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
    14 
    15 mysql> show databases;   ##查看数据库;
    16 +--------------------+
    17 | Database           |
    18 +--------------------+
    19 | information_schema |
    20 | mysql              |
    21 | performance_schema |
    22 | test               |
    23 +--------------------+
    24 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    25 
    26 mysql> drop database test;  ##删除test库;
    27 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    28 
    29 mysql> show databases;    
    30 +--------------------+
    31 | Database           |
    32 +--------------------+
    33 | information_schema |
    34 | mysql              |
    35 | performance_schema |
    36 +--------------------+
    37 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    38 
    39 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##查看用户列表;
    40 +------+---------------+
    41 | user | host          |
    42 +------+---------------+
    43 | root | 127.0.0.1     |
    44 | root | ::1           |
    45 |      | Mysql\_server |
    46 | root | Mysql\_server |
    47 |      | localhost     |
    48 | root | localhost     |
    49 +------+---------------+
    50 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    51 
    52 mysql> drop user root@'::1';  ##删除无用用户
    53 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    54 
    55 mysql> drop user ''@'Mysql\_server';      ##对于大写、特殊字符删除不了,下面有介绍
    56 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    57 
    58 mysql> drop user ''@'localhost';    
    59 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    60 
    61 mysql> drop user 'root'@'Mysql\_server';  对于大写、特殊字符删除不了,下面有介绍
    62 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    63 
    64 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
    65 +------+---------------+
    66 | user | host          |
    67 +------+---------------+
    68 | root | 127.0.0.1     |
    69 |      | Mysql\_server |
    70 | root | Mysql\_server |
    71 | root | localhost     |
    72 +------+---------------+
    73 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    74 对于大写、特殊字符删除不了解决办法:
    75 mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="" and host="Mysql\_server";
    76 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
    77 
    78 mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="root" and host="Mysql\_server";
    79 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    80 
    81 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##将无用用户删除以后,查看用户列表                               
    82 +------+-----------+
    83 | user | host      |
    84 +------+-----------+
    85 | root | 127.0.0.1 |
    86 | root | localhost |
    87 +------+-----------+
    88 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    89 mysql> flush privileges;  ##最后使得权限生效
    90 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    创建用户sql语句:

    1 mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456' with grant option;flush privileges;
     1 mysql> update mysql.user set host='httpd' where host='localhost' and user='root';  ##变更用户信息
     2 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.47 sec)
     3 Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
     4 
     5 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;                                         
     6 +------+-----------+
     7 | user | host      |
     8 +------+-----------+
     9 | root | 127.0.0.1 |
    10 | root | httpd     |
    11 +------+-----------+
    12 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    13 
    14 mysql> update mysql.user set host='localhost' where host='httpd' and user='root';         ##修改主机htttpd为localhost 
    15 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    16 Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
    17 
    18 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;                                         
    19 +------+-----------+
    20 | user | host      |
    21 +------+-----------+
    22 | root | 127.0.0.1 |
    23 | root | localhost |
    24 +------+-----------+
    25 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hackerer/p/5294092.html
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