• Prometheus(三):Prometheus监控交换机(snmp)


    默认已安装Prometheus服务,服务地址:192.168.56.200

    一、获取交换机snmp信息

    snmp服务IP(交换机IP):172.20.2.83

    snmp community:dfetest

    二、部署 snmp_exporter

    2.1 下载snmp_exporter

    下载snmp_exporter安装包,下载地址:https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/releases 

    下载完成后,上传至机器的  /usr/local 目录下

     解压安装包

    #   tar -zvxf snmp_exporter-0.15.0.linux-arm64.tar.gz 
    #   mv snmp_exporter-0.15.0.linux-arm64/ snmp_exporter

    2.2 配置snmp_exporter

    snmp_exporter的配置文件需要自己通过SNMP Exporter Config Generator 项目编译生成,

    参考方法: https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/tree/master/generator#file-format  

    由于Prometheus使用go语言开发的,所以自己编译生成snmp_exporter的配置文件需要go环境,Linux中安装go环境可参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/guoxiangyue/p/11772717.html  中安装go环境章节

    go环境安装以后,构建snmp exporter  config Generator,执行以下操作:

    #  yum -y install git
    #  yum -y install gcc gcc-g++ make net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs net-snmp-devel
    #  go get github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/generator
    #  cd ${GOPATH-$HOME/go}/src/github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/generator
    #  go build
    #  make mibs

     编译完成后,修改当前目录下的generator.yml 文件,generator.yml文件的配置可以参考 https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/tree/master/generator#file-format ,generator.yml文件中只需要注入snmp的community即可,下面仅修改了modules.if_mib.auth字段,其余与 File Format 中一致。

    #  vim generator.yml

    generator.yml 中module.if_mib.auth字段:

    modules:
      # Default IF-MIB interfaces table with ifIndex.
      if_mib:
        walk: [sysUpTime, interfaces, ifXTable]
        version: 1
        auth:
          community: dfetest
        lookups:
          - source_indexes: [ifIndex]
            lookup: ifAlias
          - source_indexes: [ifIndex]
            lookup: ifDescr
          - source_indexes: [ifIndex]
            # Use OID to avoid conflict with Netscaler NS-ROOT-MIB.
            lookup: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1 # ifName
        overrides:
          ifAlias:
            ignore: true # Lookup metric
          ifDescr:
            ignore: true # Lookup metric
          ifName:
            ignore: true # Lookup metric
          ifType:
            type: EnumAsInfo

    修改完成后,保存退出,执行以下操作,生成新的 snmp.yml 文件

    #   export MIBDIRS=mibs
    #   ./generator generate

    将新生成的snmp.yml 替换掉原snmp_exporter中的snmp.yml

    #   cp snmp.yml /usr/local/snmp_exporter

     2.3 验证并设置snmp_exporter 服务开机启动

    #   cd /usr/local/snmp_exporter
    #   ./snmp_exporter

    开启服务端口在9116上,浏览器访问 http://192.168.56.200:9116 , 在 Target 输入框中填入交换机IP地址,点击 submit 按钮,出现数据,在snmp_exporter 配置成功。

     

     2.4 设置snmp_exporter 以服务方式,开机启动

    Ctrl+C 结束掉 snmp_exporter 进程,创建 snmp_exporter 服务,让 snmp_exporter 以服务的方式,开机自启。

    添加系统服务

    #   vim /etc/systemd/system/snmp_exporter.service

    将以下内容写入文件中

    [Unit]
    Description=node_exporter
    After=network.target 
    
    [Service]
    ExecStart=/usr/local/snmp_exporter/snmp_exporter
    Restart=on-failure
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target

    启动服务,设置开机自启

    #  systemctl daemon-reload
    #  systemctl enable snmp_exporter 
    #  systemctl start snmp_exporter

    三、修改Prometheus 配置

    进入Prometheus的安装文件夹,打开Prometheus配置文件

    #  cd /usr/local/prometheus
    #  vim prometheus.yml

    在scrape_configs标签下,添加以下内容,配置监控。params.module中可以配置需要抓取的模块,不配置表示全部抓取。

    - job_name: 'snmp'
        scrape_interval: 10s
        static_configs:
         - targets:
           - 172.20.2.83  # 交换机IP地址
        metrics_path: /snmp
        # params:
         # module: [if_mib]
        relabel_configs:
          - source_labels: [__address__]
            target_label: __param_target
          - source_labels: [__param_target]
            target_label: instance
          - target_label: __address__
            replacement: 192.168.56.200:9116 # snmp_exporter 服务IP地址

    以下是Prometheus.yml 文件全部内容

    # my global config
    global:
      scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
      evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
      # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).
    
    # Alertmanager configuration
    alerting:
      alertmanagers:
      - static_configs:
        - targets:
          # - alertmanager:9093
    
    # Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
    rule_files:
      # - "first_rules.yml"
      # - "second_rules.yml"
    
    # A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
    # Here it's Prometheus itself.
    scrape_configs:
      # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
      - job_name: 'prometheus'
    
        # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
        # scheme defaults to 'http'.
    
        static_configs:
        - targets: ['localhost:9090']
    
      - job_name: 'Linux'
        static_configs:
        - targets: ['192.168.56.201:9100']
          labels:
            instance: Linux
    
      - job_name: 'Windows'
        static_configs:
        - targets: ['192.168.56.1:9182']
          labels:
            instance: Windows
    
      - job_name: 'snmp'
        scrape_interval: 10s
        static_configs:
         - targets:
           - 172.20.2.83  # 交换机IP地址
        metrics_path: /snmp
        # params:
         # module: [if_mib]
        relabel_configs:
          - source_labels: [__address__]
            target_label: __param_target
          - source_labels: [__param_target]
            target_label: instance
          - target_label: __address__
            replacement: 192.168.56.200:9116 # snmp_exporter 服务IP地址

    保存退出,重启Prometheus服务

    #  systemctl restart prometheus

    浏览器访问 http://192.168.56.200:9090/targets  查看监控信息

    可以看到,snmp已经加入进来。

     四、配置Grafana

    添加dashboard

    Grafana官方为我们提供了很多dashboard页面,可直接下载使用。浏览器访问 https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards 下载所需要的dashboard页面

    此处我们使用  snmp 的监控dashboard,dashboard Id为:10523

    然后打开我们的Grafana监控页面,打开dashboard的管理页面

     点击【import】按钮

    然后将我们刚才的dashboard Id (10523) 复制进去

    Grafana会自动识别dashboard Id 。

    然后点击【change】按钮,生成一个随机的UID,然后点击下方输入框,选择我们之前创建的数据源Prometheus,最后点击【Import】按钮,即可完成导入。

     导入成功后,会自动打开该Dashboard,即可看到我们刚才设置好的snmp监控

    至此Prometheus监控交换机,配置完成。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/guoxiangyue/p/11778217.html
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