一、django表单系统中,所有的表单类都作为django.forms.Form的之类创建,包括ModelForm
关于django的表单系统,主要分两种:
1.基于django.forms.Form:所有表单类的父类
2.基于django.forms.ModelForm:可以和模型类绑定的Form
案例:实现添加出版社信息的功能
二、不使用Django.Form的情况
add_publisher.html
<form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} 名称:<input type="text" name="name"><br> 地址:<input type="text" name="address"><br> 城市:<input type="text" name="city"><br> 省份:<input type="text" name="state_province"><br> 国家:<input type="text" name="country"><br> 网址:<input type="text" name="website"><br> 名称:<input type="submit" value="提交"><br> </form>
views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render from hello.models import Publisher def add_publisher(request): if request.method == 'POST': name = request.POST.get("name") address = request.POST.get("address") city = request.POST.get("city") state_province = request.POST.get("state_province") country = request.POST.get("country") website = request.POST.get("website") Publisher.objects.create( name=name, address=address, city=city, state_province=state_province, country=country, website=website, ) return HttpResponse("Add Publisher Succ!") else: return render(request, 'add_publisher.html', locals())
三、使用Form的情况
add_publisher.html
<form action="{% url 'add_publisher' %}" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} {{ publisher_form.as_p }} {# {{ publisher_form.as_table }}#} {# {{ publisher_form.as_ul }}#} <input type="submit" value="提交"> </form>
forms.py
from django import forms class PublisherForm(forms.Form): name = forms.CharField(label="名称") address = forms.CharField(label="地址") city = forms.CharField(label="城市") state_province = forms.CharField(label="省份") country = forms.CharField(label="国家") website = forms.URLField(label="网址")
views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render from hello.models import Publisher from hello.forms import PublisherForm def add_publisher(request): if request.method == 'POST': publisher_form = PublisherForm(request.POST) if publisher_form.is_valid(): Publisher.objects.create( name=publisher_form.cleaned_data.get("name"), address=publisher_form.cleaned_data.get("address"), city=publisher_form.cleaned_data.get("city"), state_province=publisher_form.cleaned_data.get("state_province"), country=publisher_form.cleaned_data.get("country"), website=publisher_form.cleaned_data.get("website"), ) return HttpResponse("Add Publisher Succ!") else: publisher_form = PublisherForm() return render(request, 'add_publisher.html', locals())
四、使用ModelForm的情况
add_publisher.html
<form action="{% url 'add_publisher' %}" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} {{ publisher_form.as_p }} <input type="submit" value="提交"> </form>
forms.py
from django import forms from hello.models import Publisher class PublisherForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = Publisher exclude = ('id',)
views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render from hello.forms import PublisherForm def add_publisher(request): if request.method == 'POST': publisher_form = PublisherForm(request.POST) if publisher_form.is_valid(): publisher_form.save() return HttpResponse("Add Publisher Succ!") else: publisher_form = PublisherForm() return render(request, 'add_publisher.html', locals())
总结:
使用Django中的Form可以大大简化代码,常用的表单功能特性都整合到了Form中,而ModelForm可以和Model进行绑定,更进一步简化操作。
更多详见:https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/forms/api/
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/forms/fields/
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