Go 语言做的几个验证码

1、http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_173630_12006 ：

效果：

源代码：

package main

import (
    crand "crypto/rand"
    "fmt"
    "image"
    "image/color"
    "image/png"
    "io"
    "math/rand"
    "net/http"
    "strconv"
    "time"
)

const (
    stdWidth  = 100
    stdHeight = 40
    maxSkew   = 2
)

const (
    fontWidth  = 5
    fontHeight = 8
    blackChar  = 1
)

var font = [][]byte{
    { // 0
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0},
    { // 1
        0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
        0, 1, 1, 0, 0,
        1, 0, 1, 0, 0,
        0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
        0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
        0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
        0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1},
    { // 2
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
        0, 1, 1, 0, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1},
    { // 3
        1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 0},
    { // 4
        1, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
    { // 5
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 0},
    { // 6
        0, 0, 1, 1, 1,
        0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0},
    { // 7
        1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
        0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
        0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
        0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
        0, 1, 0, 0, 0},
    { // 8
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0},
    { // 9
        0, 1, 1, 1, 0,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 1, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
        1, 1, 1, 1, 0},
}

type Image struct {
    *image.NRGBA
    color   *color.NRGBA
    width   int //a digit width
    height  int //a digit height
    dotsize int
}

func init() {
    rand.Seed(int64(time.Second))

}

func NewImage(digits []byte, width, height int) *Image {
    img := new(Image)
    r := image.Rect(img.width, img.height, stdWidth, stdHeight)
    img.NRGBA = image.NewNRGBA(r)
    img.color = &color.NRGBA{
        uint8(rand.Intn(129)),
        uint8(rand.Intn(129)),
        uint8(rand.Intn(129)),
        0xFF}
    // Draw background (10 random circles of random brightness)
    img.calculateSizes(width, height, len(digits))
    img.fillWithCircles(10, img.dotsize)
    maxx := width - (img.width+img.dotsize)*len(digits) - img.dotsize
    maxy := height - img.height - img.dotsize*2
    x := rnd(img.dotsize*2, maxx)
    y := rnd(img.dotsize*2, maxy)
    // Draw digits.
    for _, n := range digits {
        img.drawDigit(font[n], x, y)
        x += img.width + img.dotsize
    }
    // Draw strike-through line.
    img.strikeThrough()
    return img

}

func (img *Image) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (int64, error) {
    return 0, png.Encode(w, img)

}

func (img *Image) calculateSizes(width, height, ncount int) {
    // Goal: fit all digits inside the image.
    var border int
    if width > height {
        border = height / 5
    } else {
        border = width / 5
    }
    // Convert everything to floats for calculations.
    w := float64(width - border*2)  //268
    h := float64(height - border*2) //48
    // fw takes into account 1-dot spacing between digits.
    fw := float64(fontWidth) + 1 //6
    fh := float64(fontHeight)    //8
    nc := float64(ncount)        //7
    // Calculate the width of a single digit taking into account only the
    // width of the image.
    nw := w / nc //38
    // Calculate the height of a digit from this width.
    nh := nw * fh / fw //51
    // Digit too high?
    if nh > h {
        // Fit digits based on height.
        nh = h //nh = 44
        nw = fw / fh * nh
    }
    // Calculate dot size.
    img.dotsize = int(nh / fh)
    // Save everything, making the actual width smaller by 1 dot to account
    // for spacing between digits.
    img.width = int(nw)
    img.height = int(nh) - img.dotsize

}

func (img *Image) fillWithCircles(n, maxradius int) {
    color := img.color
    maxx := img.Bounds().Max.X
    maxy := img.Bounds().Max.Y
    for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
        setRandomBrightness(color, 255)
        r := rnd(1, maxradius)
        img.drawCircle(color, rnd(r, maxx-r), rnd(r, maxy-r), r)
    }

}

func (img *Image) drawHorizLine(color color.Color, fromX, toX, y int) {
    for x := fromX; x <= toX; x++ {
        img.Set(x, y, color)
    }

}

func (img *Image) drawCircle(color color.Color, x, y, radius int) {
    f := 1 - radius
    dfx := 1
    dfy := -2 * radius
    xx := 0
    yy := radius
    img.Set(x, y+radius, color)
    img.Set(x, y-radius, color)
    img.drawHorizLine(color, x-radius, x+radius, y)
    for xx < yy {
        if f >= 0 {
            yy--
            dfy += 2
            f += dfy
        }
        xx++
        dfx += 2
        f += dfx
        img.drawHorizLine(color, x-xx, x+xx, y+yy)
        img.drawHorizLine(color, x-xx, x+xx, y-yy)
        img.drawHorizLine(color, x-yy, x+yy, y+xx)
        img.drawHorizLine(color, x-yy, x+yy, y-xx)
    }

}

func (img *Image) strikeThrough() {
    r := 0
    maxx := img.Bounds().Max.X
    maxy := img.Bounds().Max.Y
    y := rnd(maxy/3, maxy-maxy/3)
    for x := 0; x < maxx; x += r {
        r = rnd(1, img.dotsize/3)
        y += rnd(-img.dotsize/2, img.dotsize/2)
        if y <= 0 || y >= maxy {
            y = rnd(maxy/3, maxy-maxy/3)
        }
        img.drawCircle(img.color, x, y, r)
    }

}

func (img *Image) drawDigit(digit []byte, x, y int) {
    skf := rand.Float64() * float64(rnd(-maxSkew, maxSkew))
    xs := float64(x)
    minr := img.dotsize / 2               // minumum radius
    maxr := img.dotsize/2 + img.dotsize/4 // maximum radius
    y += rnd(-minr, minr)
    for yy := 0; yy < fontHeight; yy++ {
        for xx := 0; xx < fontWidth; xx++ {
            if digit[yy*fontWidth+xx] != blackChar {
                continue
            }
            // Introduce random variations.
            or := rnd(minr, maxr)
            ox := x + (xx * img.dotsize) + rnd(0, or/2)
            oy := y + (yy * img.dotsize) + rnd(0, or/2)
            img.drawCircle(img.color, ox, oy, or)
        }
        xs += skf
        x = int(xs)
    }

}

func setRandomBrightness(c *color.NRGBA, max uint8) {
    minc := min3(c.R, c.G, c.B)
    maxc := max3(c.R, c.G, c.B)
    if maxc > max {
        return
    }
    n := rand.Intn(int(max-maxc)) - int(minc)
    c.R = uint8(int(c.R) + n)
    c.G = uint8(int(c.G) + n)
    c.B = uint8(int(c.B) + n)

}

func min3(x, y, z uint8) (o uint8) {
    o = x
    if y < o {
        o = y
    }
    if z < o {
        o = z
    }
    return

}

func max3(x, y, z uint8) (o uint8) {
    o = x
    if y > o {
        o = y
    }
    if z > o {
        o = z
    }
    return

}

// rnd returns a random number in range [from, to].

func rnd(from, to int) int {
    //println(to+1-from)
    return rand.Intn(to+1-from) + from

}

const (
    // Standard length of uniuri string to achive ~95 bits of entropy.
    StdLen = 16
    // Length of uniurl string to achive ~119 bits of entropy, closest
    // to what can be losslessly converted to UUIDv4 (122 bits).
    UUIDLen = 20
)

// Standard characters allowed in uniuri string.

var StdChars = []byte("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789")

// New returns a new random string of the standard length, consisting of
// standard characters.

func New() string {
    return NewLenChars(StdLen, StdChars)

}

// NewLen returns a new random string of the provided length, consisting of
// standard characters.

func NewLen(length int) string {
    return NewLenChars(length, StdChars)

}

// NewLenChars returns a new random string of the provided length, consisting
// of the provided byte slice of allowed characters (maximum 256).

func NewLenChars(length int, chars []byte) string {
    b := make([]byte, length)
    r := make([]byte, length+(length/4)) // storage for random bytes.
    clen := byte(len(chars))
    maxrb := byte(256 - (256 % len(chars)))
    i := 0
    for {
        if _, err := io.ReadFull(crand.Reader, r); err != nil {
            panic("error reading from random source: " + err.Error())
        }
        for _, c := range r {
            if c >= maxrb {
                // Skip this number to avoid modulo bias.
                continue
            }
            b[i] = chars[c%clen]
            i++
            if i == length {
                return string(b)
            }
        }
    }
    panic("unreachable")

}

func pic(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
    d := make([]byte, 4)
    s := NewLen(4)
    ss := ""
    d = []byte(s)
    for v := range d {
        d[v] %= 10
        ss += strconv.FormatInt(int64(d[v]), 32)
    }
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "image/png")
    NewImage(d, 100, 40).WriteTo(w)
    fmt.Println(ss)

}

func index(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
    str := "<meta charset="utf-8"><h3>golang 图片验证码例子</h3><img border="1" src="/pic" alt="图片验证码" onclick="this.src='/pic'" />"
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html")
    w.Write([]byte(str))

}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/pic", pic)
    http.HandleFunc("/", index)
    s := &http.Server{
        Addr:           ":8080",
        ReadTimeout:    30 * time.Second,
        WriteTimeout:   30 * time.Second,
        MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20}
    s.ListenAndServe()

}

 

2、https://github.com/dchest/captcha 

它比较强大，可以生成图片的验证码或者音频验证码。