nfs挂载

操作步骤

yum   install  -y  nfs-utils rpcbind

vim /etc/exports
/home/ap/nas     192.168.1.0/24(rw,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,sync)


systemctl start  rpcbind
systemctl start  nfs-serve

systemctl enable  rpcbind
systemctl enable  nfs-server


 exportfs -r
 showmount -e localhost
 showmount -e   192.168.1.148

chmod   777   nas_a


更改同一的user  uid  gid groups 
groupmod  --help 
groupmod  -g 1001 xxxx
usermod 
usermod -u 1001 -g 1001  xxxx


挂载端启动

systemctl enable  nfs

mount -t nfs 192.168.1.58:/home/ap/nas_a   /home/ap/nas_a    -o proto=tcp -o nolock

自动挂载

格式
｀:</remote/export> </local/directory> nfs < options> 0 0｀

开机自动挂载：
如果服务端或客户端的服务器重启之后需要手动挂载，我们可以加入到开机自动挂载
在客户端/etc/fstab里添加
192.168.163.128：/nfsdir /nfsdir nfs defaults,_rnetdev 1 1
备注：第1个1表示备份文件系统，第2个1表示从/分区的顺序开始fsck磁盘检测，0表示不检测。
_rnetdev 表示主机无法挂载直接跳过，避免无法挂载主机无法启动

注意:开机自动挂载不生效,两种办法
1,

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
mount -a 
#或 
mount -t nfs 192.168.1.58:/home/ap/nas_a   /home/ap/nas_a    -o proto=tcp -o nolock

2,自动挂在autofs
1.在客户端安装软件autofs
2.修改主配置文件 vim /etc/auto.master
增加一条 /home/text-autonfs /etc/auto.nfs
/home/autofs-test不需要存在这个目录,挂载后自动创建。
3.编辑auto.nfs (原先不存在，编辑时会自动创建)
vi /etc/auto.nfs
增加一条： xxcc -rw 192.168.1.3:/home/xxcc

4.重启autofs服务
5.测试：卸载原来的挂载，仅输入命令：mount 就会自动挂载设置好的命令。
6.查看自动生成的挂载目录

问题

clnt_create: RPC: Port mapper failure - Unable to receive: errno 111 (Connection refused)
客户端挂载问题！需要关闭服务端和客户端防火墙以及selinux。

这种情况，重新停止防火墙，确定ｓｅｌｉnux关闭
showmount -e 192.168.1.12

[root@lsx03 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.1.12 //测试有没有挂载的权限
clnt_create: RPC: Port mapper failure - Unable to receive: errno 111 (Connection refused)
第一种：先启动rpc服务，在启动nfs服务
服务器端开启防火墙或者做了设置。出现这种情况。
排查方式：可以客户端telnet 服务端 111端口不通
服务端showmount自己通的话配置没问题

备注：

当在服务器运行df -h 卡死的时候，很有可能是nfs的原因。

1、在客户端找到挂载的服务器的ip及挂载目录

2、 showmount -e 服务端IP 来查看客户端挂载的目录。

3、重启nfs

4、现在客户端就可以操作了，先卸载之前的挂载

umount /opt/ａａ

5、重新挂载

mount -t nfs 服务器IP:/服务器目录 客户端挂载目录

nas服务器分享的目录挂掉

nas客户端因为服务器分享的文件导出失败,导致被挂载的目录 ll 时文件属性乱码,需umount后重新挂载恢复

NFS Stale File Handle error and solution

Sometime NFS can result in to weird problems. For example NFS mounted directories sometimes contain stale file handles. If you run command such as ls or vi you will see an error:
$ ls
.: Stale File Handle

First let us try to understand the concept of Stale File Handle. Managing NFS and NIS, 2nd Edition book defines filehandles as follows (a good book if you would like to master NFS and NIS):
A filehandle becomes stale whenever the file or directory referenced by the handle is removed by another host, while your client still holds an active reference to the object. A typical example occurs when the current directory of a process, running on your client, is removed on the server (either by a process running on the server or on another client).

So this can occur if the directory is modified on the NFS server, but the directories modification time is not updated.

a) The best solution is to remount directory from the NFS client using mount command:

umount -f /mnt/local

mount -t nfs nfsserver:/path/to/share /mnt/local

First command (umount) forcefully unmount a disk partition /mnt/local (NFS).

(b) Or try to mount NFS directory with the noac option. However I don’t recommend using noac option because of performance issue and Checking files on NFS filesystem referenced by file descriptors (i.e. the fcntl and ioctl families of functions) may lead to inconsistent result due to the lack of consistency check in kernel even if noac is used.