二、Redis服务启动以及请求流程

上一次我们大概熟悉了一下redis的目录结构，里面提到了服务启动相关的源码主要包含如下两个文件：

 找到server.c文件中的main函数开始了解服务的启动过程：

源码解析：

1、主流程：

/* Global vars */ // 全局变量
struct redisServer server; /* Server global state */
volatile unsigned long lru_clock; /* Server global current LRU time. */
struct redisCommand redisCommandTable[] ={...} /* Our command table.*/

int main(int argc, char **argv) { // 主入口
    struct timeval tv;
    int j;

#ifdef REDIS_TEST // redis测试环境设置
    if (argc == 3 && !strcasecmp(argv[1], "test")) {
        ...return -1; /* test not found */
    }
#endif

    /* We need to initialize our libraries, and the server configuration. */ // 初始化库和服务器配置。  
#ifdef INIT_SETPROCTITLE_REPLACEMENT
    spt_init(argc, argv);
#endif
    // 设置相关默认值
　　 setlocale(LC_COLLATE,"");
    tzset(); /* Populates 'timezone' global. */
    zmalloc_set_oom_handler(redisOutOfMemoryHandler);
    srand(time(NULL)^getpid());
    gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);

    char hashseed[16];
    getRandomHexChars(hashseed,sizeof(hashseed));
    dictSetHashFunctionSeed((uint8_t*)hashseed);
    // 哨兵模式
    server.sentinel_mode = checkForSentinelMode(argc,argv);
    // 默认配置加载
    initServerConfig();
    moduleInitModulesSystem();

    /* Store the executable path and arguments in a safe place in order
     * to be able to restart the server later. */
    server.executable = getAbsolutePath(argv[0]);
    server.exec_argv = zmalloc(sizeof(char*)*(argc+1));
    server.exec_argv[argc] = NULL;
    for (j = 0; j < argc; j++) server.exec_argv[j] = zstrdup(argv[j]);

    /* We need to init sentinel right now as parsing the configuration file
     * in sentinel mode will have the effect of populating the sentinel
     * data structures with master nodes to monitor. */
    if (server.sentinel_mode) {
        initSentinelConfig();
        initSentinel();
    }

　　 // 加载配置文件
    /* Check if we need to start in redis-check-rdb/aof mode. We just execute
     * the program main. However the program is part of the Redis executable
     * so that we can easily execute an RDB check on loading errors. */
    if (strstr(argv[0],"redis-check-rdb") != NULL)
        redis_check_rdb_main(argc,argv,NULL);
    else if (strstr(argv[0],"redis-check-aof") != NULL)
        redis_check_aof_main(argc,argv);

    if (argc >= 2) {
        j = 1; /* First option to parse in argv[] */
        sds options = sdsempty();
        char *configfile = NULL;

        /* Handle special options --help and --version */
        if (strcmp(argv[1], "-v") == 0 ||
            strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0) version();
        if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 ||
            strcmp(argv[1], "-h") == 0) usage();
        if (strcmp(argv[1], "--test-memory") == 0) {
            if (argc == 3) {
                memtest(atoi(argv[2]),50);
                exit(0);
            } else {
                fprintf(stderr,"Please specify the amount of memory to test in megabytes.\n");
                fprintf(stderr,"Example: ./redis-server --test-memory 4096\n\n");
                exit(1);
            }
        }

        /* First argument is the config file name? */
        if (argv[j][0] != '-' || argv[j][1] != '-') {
            configfile = argv[j];
            server.configfile = getAbsolutePath(configfile);
            /* Replace the config file in server.exec_argv with
             * its absolute path. */
            zfree(server.exec_argv[j]);
            server.exec_argv[j] = zstrdup(server.configfile);
            j++;
        }

        /* All the other options are parsed and conceptually appended to the
         * configuration file. For instance --port 6380 will generate the
         * string "port 6380\n" to be parsed after the actual file name
         * is parsed, if any. */
        while(j != argc) {
            if (argv[j][0] == '-' && argv[j][1] == '-') {
                /* Option name */
                if (!strcmp(argv[j], "--check-rdb")) {
                    /* Argument has no options, need to skip for parsing. */
                    j++;
                    continue;
                }
                if (sdslen(options)) options = sdscat(options,"\n");
                options = sdscat(options,argv[j]+2);
                options = sdscat(options," ");
            } else {
                /* Option argument */
                options = sdscatrepr(options,argv[j],strlen(argv[j]));
                options = sdscat(options," ");
            }
            j++;
        }
        if (server.sentinel_mode && configfile && *configfile == '-') {
            serverLog(LL_WARNING,
                "Sentinel config from STDIN not allowed.");
            serverLog(LL_WARNING,
                "Sentinel needs config file on disk to save state.  Exiting...");
            exit(1);
        }
        resetServerSaveParams();
        // 加载配置文件
　　　　 loadServerConfig(configfile,options);
        sdsfree(options);
    }

    serverLog(LL_WARNING, "oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo");
    serverLog(LL_WARNING,
        "Redis version=%s, bits=%d, commit=%s, modified=%d, pid=%d, just started",
            REDIS_VERSION,
            (sizeof(long) == 8) ? 64 : 32,
            redisGitSHA1(),
            strtol(redisGitDirty(),NULL,10) > 0,
            (int)getpid());

    if (argc == 1) {
        serverLog(LL_WARNING, "Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use %s /path/to/%s.conf", argv[0], server.sentinel_mode ? "sentinel" : "redis");
    } else {
        serverLog(LL_WARNING, "Configuration loaded");
    }

    server.supervised = redisIsSupervised(server.supervised_mode);
    int background = server.daemonize && !server.supervised;
    if (background) daemonize();

    // 初始化服务器
　　 initServer();
    if (background || server.pidfile) createPidFile();
    redisSetProcTitle(argv[0]);
    redisAsciiArt();
    checkTcpBacklogSettings();

    if (!server.sentinel_mode) {
        /* Things not needed when running in Sentinel mode. */ // 非哨兵模式执行此逻辑
        serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Server initialized");
    #ifdef __linux__
        linuxMemoryWarnings();
    #if defined (__arm64__)
        int ret;
        if ((ret = linuxMadvFreeForkBugCheck())) {
            if (ret == 1)
                serverLog(LL_WARNING,"WARNING Your kernel has a bug that could lead to data corruption during background save. "
                                     "Please upgrade to the latest stable kernel.");
            else
                serverLog(LL_WARNING, "Failed to test the kernel for a bug that could lead to data corruption during background save. "
                                      "Your system could be affected, please report this error.");
            if (!checkIgnoreWarning("ARM64-COW-BUG")) {
                serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Redis will now exit to prevent data corruption. "
                                     "Note that it is possible to suppress this warning by setting the following config: ignore-warnings ARM64-COW-BUG");
                exit(1);
            }
        }
    #endif /* __arm64__ */
    #endif /* __linux__ */
        // 数据恢复
　　　　　moduleLoadFromQueue();
        InitServerLast(); // 服务初始化最后配置
        loadDataFromDisk();
        if (server.cluster_enabled) {
            if (verifyClusterConfigWithData() == C_ERR) {
                serverLog(LL_WARNING,
                    "You can't have keys in a DB different than DB 0 when in "
                    "Cluster mode. Exiting.");
                exit(1);
            }
        }
        if (server.ipfd_count > 0)
            serverLog(LL_NOTICE,"Ready to accept connections");
        if (server.sofd > 0)
            serverLog(LL_NOTICE,"The server is now ready to accept connections at %s", server.unixsocket);
    } else {
        InitServerLast(); // 哨兵模式执行
        sentinelIsRunning();
    }

    /* Warning the user about suspicious maxmemory setting. */
    if (server.maxmemory > 0 && server.maxmemory < 1024*1024) {
        serverLog(LL_WARNING,"WARNING: You specified a maxmemory value that is less than 1MB (current value is %llu bytes). Are you sure this is what you really want?", server.maxmemory);
    }

    aeSetBeforeSleepProc(server.el,beforeSleep);
    aeSetAfterSleepProc(server.el,afterSleep);
    aeMain(server.el); // src/ae.c 主循环服务

    // 关闭服务
　　 aeDeleteEventLoop(server.el);
    return 0;
}

2、配置参数

  // 默认配置加载
   initServerConfig(); 核心代码对象赋值（struct redisServer server;）

  // 加载配置文件
　 loadServerConfig(configfile,options) 》》》 void loadServerConfigFromString(char *config){ ... strcasecmp(argv[0],"port") ... } 配置文件加载数据

 3、初始化服务流程

 

void initServer(void) {
    int j;

    // 信号函数
    signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); // SIG_IGN表示忽略SIGHUP那个注册的信号 SIGHUP和控制台操作有关
    signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); // SIGPIPE 信号时就不会中止程序
    setupSignalHandlers();

    if (server.syslog_enabled) {
        openlog(server.syslog_ident, LOG_PID | LOG_NDELAY | LOG_NOWAIT,
            server.syslog_facility);
    }

    // 客户端配置参数
　　 server.hz = server.config_hz;
    server.pid = getpid();
    server.current_client = NULL;
    server.fixed_time_expire = 0;
    server.clients = listCreate();
    server.clients_index = raxNew();
    server.clients_to_close = listCreate();
    server.slaves = listCreate();
    server.monitors = listCreate();
    server.clients_pending_write = listCreate();
    server.slaveseldb = -1; /* Force to emit the first SELECT command. */
    server.unblocked_clients = listCreate();
    server.ready_keys = listCreate();
    server.clients_waiting_acks = listCreate();
    server.get_ack_from_slaves = 0;
    server.clients_paused = 0;
    server.system_memory_size = zmalloc_get_memory_size();

    // 创建共享对象
　　 createSharedObjects();
    adjustOpenFilesLimit();
    // 创建事件对象 
　　 server.el = aeCreateEventLoop(server.maxclients+CONFIG_FDSET_INCR); // aeEventLoop 后续进行任务处理的重要数据结构

 if (server.el == NULL) {

        serverLog(LL_WARNING,
            "Failed creating the event loop. Error message: '%s'",
            strerror(errno));
        exit(1);
    }
    // 创建DB对象 默认值dbnum:16
　　 server.db = zmalloc(sizeof(redisDb)*server.dbnum);

    /* Open the TCP listening socket for the user commands. */
    
    // 监听客户端输入的请求指令
　　 if (server.port != 0 &&
        listenToPort(server.port,server.ipfd,&server.ipfd_count) == C_ERR)
        exit(1);

    /* Open the listening Unix domain socket. */
    if (server.unixsocket != NULL) {
        unlink(server.unixsocket); /* don't care if this fails */
        server.sofd = anetUnixServer(server.neterr,server.unixsocket,
            server.unixsocketperm, server.tcp_backlog);
        if (server.sofd == ANET_ERR) {
            serverLog(LL_WARNING, "Opening Unix socket: %s", server.neterr);
            exit(1);
        }
        anetNonBlock(NULL,server.sofd);
    }

    /* Abort if there are no listening sockets at all. */
    if (server.ipfd_count == 0 && server.sofd < 0) {
        serverLog(LL_WARNING, "Configured to not listen anywhere, exiting.");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Create the Redis databases, and initialize other internal state. */
    
　　// 创建数据库，初始化参数
　　for (j = 0; j < server.dbnum; j++) {
        server.db[j].dict = dictCreate(&dbDictType,NULL);
        server.db[j].expires = dictCreate(&keyptrDictType,NULL);
        server.db[j].blocking_keys = dictCreate(&keylistDictType,NULL);
        server.db[j].ready_keys = dictCreate(&objectKeyPointerValueDictType,NULL);
        server.db[j].watched_keys = dictCreate(&keylistDictType,NULL);
        server.db[j].id = j;
        server.db[j].avg_ttl = 0;
        server.db[j].defrag_later = listCreate();
    }
    evictionPoolAlloc(); /* Initialize the LRU keys pool. */
    // 发布/订阅配置 publish/subscribe 初始化参数
　　 server.pubsub_channels = dictCreate(&keylistDictType,NULL);
    server.pubsub_patterns = listCreate();
    listSetFreeMethod(server.pubsub_patterns,freePubsubPattern);
    listSetMatchMethod(server.pubsub_patterns,listMatchPubsubPattern);
    server.cronloops = 0;
    // rdb aof 初始化参数
　　 server.rdb_child_pid = -1;
    server.aof_child_pid = -1;
    server.rdb_child_type = RDB_CHILD_TYPE_NONE;
    server.rdb_bgsave_scheduled = 0;
    server.child_info_pipe[0] = -1;
    server.child_info_pipe[1] = -1;
    server.child_info_data.magic = 0;
    aofRewriteBufferReset();
    server.aof_buf = sdsempty();
    server.lastsave = time(NULL); /* At startup we consider the DB saved. */
    server.lastbgsave_try = 0;    /* At startup we never tried to BGSAVE. */
    server.rdb_save_time_last = -1;
    server.rdb_save_time_start = -1;
    server.dirty = 0;
    resetServerStats();
    /* A few stats we don't want to reset: server startup time, and peak mem. */
    server.stat_starttime = time(NULL);
    server.stat_peak_memory = 0;
    server.stat_rdb_cow_bytes = 0;
    server.stat_aof_cow_bytes = 0;
    server.cron_malloc_stats.zmalloc_used = 0;
    server.cron_malloc_stats.process_rss = 0;
    server.cron_malloc_stats.allocator_allocated = 0;
    server.cron_malloc_stats.allocator_active = 0;
    server.cron_malloc_stats.allocator_resident = 0;
    server.lastbgsave_status = C_OK;
    server.aof_last_write_status = C_OK;
    server.aof_last_write_errno = 0;
    server.repl_good_slaves_count = 0;

    /* Create the timer callback, this is our way to process many background
     * operations incrementally, like clients timeout, eviction of unaccessed
     * expired keys and so forth. */
    
 　　// 创建定时器 操作后台事务 key过期、客户端超时等问题
　　

   // 定时方法 long long aeCreateTimeEvent(aeEventLoop *eventLoop-循环事件, long long milliseconds-毫秒,
        aeTimeProc *proc-待处理的任务流程, void *clientData-客户端数据,
        aeEventFinalizerProc *finalizerProc-终止流程)

　　 if (aeCreateTimeEvent(server.el, 1, serverCron, NULL, NULL) == AE_ERR) {
        serverPanic("Can't create event loop timers.");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* Create an event handler for accepting new connections in TCP and Unix
     * domain sockets. */
    for (j = 0; j < server.ipfd_count; j++) {
        
　　　　　　// 创建文件事件监控
　　　　　　if (aeCreateFileEvent(server.el, server.ipfd[j], AE_READABLE,
            acceptTcpHandler,NULL) == AE_ERR)

            {
                serverPanic(
                    "Unrecoverable error creating server.ipfd file event.");
            }
    }
    if (server.sofd > 0 && aeCreateFileEvent(server.el,server.sofd,AE_READABLE,
        acceptUnixHandler,NULL) == AE_ERR) serverPanic("Unrecoverable error creating server.sofd file event.");


    /* Register a readable event for the pipe used to awake the event loop
     * when a blocked client in a module needs attention. */
    if (aeCreateFileEvent(server.el, server.module_blocked_pipe[0], AE_READABLE,
        moduleBlockedClientPipeReadable,NULL) == AE_ERR) {
            serverPanic(
                "Error registering the readable event for the module "
                "blocked clients subsystem.");
    }

    /* Open the AOF file if needed. */
    
　　　// AOF功能开启执行此逻辑
　　　if (server.aof_state == AOF_ON) {
        server.aof_fd = open(server.aof_filename,
                               O_WRONLY|O_APPEND|O_CREAT,0644);
        if (server.aof_fd == -1) {
            serverLog(LL_WARNING, "Can't open the append-only file: %s",
                strerror(errno));
            exit(1);
        }
    }

    /* 32 bit instances are limited to 4GB of address space, so if there is
     * no explicit limit in the user provided configuration we set a limit
     * at 3 GB using maxmemory with 'noeviction' policy'. This avoids
     * useless crashes of the Redis instance for out of memory. */
    if (server.arch_bits == 32 && server.maxmemory == 0) {
        serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Warning: 32 bit instance detected but no memory limit set. Setting 3 GB maxmemory limit with 'noeviction' policy now.");
        server.maxmemory = 3072LL*(1024*1024); /* 3 GB */
        server.maxmemory_policy = MAXMEMORY_NO_EVICTION;
    }

    
　　 // 集群初始化
　　 if (server.cluster_enabled) clusterInit();
    replicationScriptCacheInit();
    // lua脚本执行
　　 scriptingInit(1);
    // 开启运维功能
    slowlogInit();
    latencyMonitorInit();
}

void InitServerLast() {
    bioInit(); // 创建线程任务 Redis6.0版本此步骤后会多一步多IO处理函数initThreadedIO()
    server.initial_memory_usage = zmalloc_used_memory();
}

/* Initialize the background system, spawning the thread. */
void bioInit(void) {
    pthread_attr_t attr;
    pthread_t thread;
    size_t stacksize;
    int j;

    /* Initialization of state vars and objects */
    for (j = 0; j < BIO_NUM_OPS; j++) {
        pthread_mutex_init(&bio_mutex[j],NULL);
        pthread_cond_init(&bio_newjob_cond[j],NULL);
        pthread_cond_init(&bio_step_cond[j],NULL);
        bio_jobs[j] = listCreate();
        bio_pending[j] = 0;
    }

    /* Set the stack size as by default it may be small in some system */
    pthread_attr_init(&attr);
    pthread_attr_getstacksize(&attr,&stacksize);
    if (!stacksize) stacksize = 1; /* The world is full of Solaris Fixes */
    while (stacksize < REDIS_THREAD_STACK_SIZE) stacksize *= 2;
    pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr, stacksize);

    /* Ready to spawn our threads. We use the single argument the thread
     * function accepts in order to pass the job ID the thread is
     * responsible of. */
    for (j = 0; j < BIO_NUM_OPS; j++) {
        void *arg = (void*)(unsigned long) j;
        if (pthread_create(&thread,&attr,bioProcessBackgroundJobs,arg) != 0) {
            serverLog(LL_WARNING,"Fatal: Can't initialize Background Jobs.");
            exit(1);
        }
        bio_threads[j] = thread;
    }
}