摘自：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhuifeng-mayi/p/9270592.html
是什么
mysql官网定义
The SHOW PROFILE and SHOW PROFILES statements display profiling information that indicates resource usage for statements executed during the course of the current session.
profile是性能检测工具：简单的说，当前会话资源的消耗情况。
注意：show profile和show Profiles都是不建议使用的，在mysql后期的版本中可能会被删除；官网建议使用Performance Schema
怎么使用
profile默认关闭，生产环境中也建议关闭。
查看当前环境的profile设置
mysql> show variables like '%profiling%'; +------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------+-------+ | have_profiling | YES | | profiling | OFF | | profiling_history_size | 15 | +------------------------+-------+
profiling off表示profile关闭，profiling_history_size 15表示保存最近15条SQL的资源消耗情况。
开启profile功能，可以使用命令
set global profiling = 1;
然后就可以使用下面命令
show profiles;
查看最近15条SQL的情况；
如果要查看某一条的具体情况，SQL格式为：
SHOW PROFILE [type [, type] ... ] [FOR QUERY n] [LIMIT row_count [OFFSET offset]] type: { ALL | BLOCK IO | CONTEXT SWITCHES | CPU | IPC | MEMORY | PAGE FAULTS | SOURCE | SWAPS }
官网对type中各个字段的解释为：
ALL displays all information BLOCK IO displays counts for block input and output operations CONTEXT SWITCHES displays counts for voluntary and involuntary context switches CPU displays user and system CPU usage times IPC displays counts for messages sent and received MEMORY is not currently implemented PAGE FAULTS displays counts for major and minor page faults SOURCE displays the names of functions from the source code, together with the name and line number of the file in which the function occurs SWAPS displays swap counts
profiling 对每个会话有效，当会话结束后，当前的profiling信息就会丢失。
使用案例
mysql> show profiles; +----------+------------+----------------------------+ | Query_ID | Duration | Query | +----------+------------+----------------------------+ | 1 | 0.00060275 | select * from customers | | 2 | 0.00222450 | show tables | | 3 | 0.00567425 | select * from offices | | 4 | 0.00052050 | show tables | | 5 | 0.01123300 | select * from payments | | 6 | 0.00111675 | show tables | | 7 | 0.02049625 | select * from productlines | +----------+------------+----------------------------+
在排查SQL执行情况，或者是哪条SQL执行非常慢，慢在哪里；profile都是非常的辅助工具。
显示一条SQL的具体花销在哪里
mysql> show profile for query 7; +----------------------+----------+ | Status | Duration | +----------------------+----------+ | starting | 0.000043 | | checking permissions | 0.000005 | | Opening tables | 0.014552 | | init | 0.000025 | | System lock | 0.000009 | | optimizing | 0.000004 | | statistics | 0.000011 | | preparing | 0.000010 | | executing | 0.000003 | | Sending data | 0.005653 | | end | 0.000010 | | query end | 0.000009 | | closing tables | 0.000020 | | freeing items | 0.000121 | | cleaning up | 0.000023 | +----------------------+----------+
信息一目了然，这样我就能对SQL执行情况有个大概的了解。