• mybatis_mybatis第一个程序


    mybatis简介

    mybatis是一个持久层框架,主要作用就是在java中操作数据库,其实就是在jdbc的基础上进行的封装。使用mybatis之后,开发者不用再花费精力去处理诸如注册驱动、创建Connection、配置Statement等繁琐过程。与之前学习的spring mvc要运行在web容器不同,mybatis不需要web容器,在c/s架构和b/s架构下均可运行。早期叫做iBatis,后来改名为myBati

    创建mybatis程序

    利用 mybatis 将i个Student对象中的数据存储到数据库中

    1:创建一个maven项目,在pom.xml文件中引入相关jar包

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
          <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
          <version>3.4.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>mysql</groupId>
          <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.46</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>log4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
          <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    # 为了调试方便,会使用到 junit ,在创建maven项目时已自动加入 junit 

            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.11</version>
                <scope>compile</scope>
            </dependency>

     2:在pom.xml配置文件中的 build 标签中添加如下数据

      <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    
    <!-- 因为在后面的步骤中,会在dao包下创建xml文件,如果未加入上面的内容,
      maven是不会将xml文件发布到编译后的classes目录下,这样就导致mybatis找不到该配置文件
    -->

    3:创建一个Student实体类

    package com.doaoao.bean;
    public class Student {
        private int id;
        private String name;
        private int age;
        private double score;
        public Student(String name, int age, double score) {
            this.name = name;
            this.age = age;
            this.score = score;
        }
            // 省略所创建的getter和setter
    }

    4:创建数据库,并创建数据库表

    -- 建表语句
    CREATE TABLE `learnmybatis`.`t_student` (
      `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
      `name` VARCHAR(20) NULL,
      `age` INT NULL,
      `score` DOUBLE NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`));

     5:创建接口 StudentDao

    package com.doaoao.dao;
    import com.doaoao.bean.Student;
    public interface StudentDao {
        void insertStudent(Student student);
    }

    6:添加映射文件

    主要在里面编写SQL语句

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE mapper
            PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
            "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
    <mapper namespace="doaoao">
        <!--parameterType可省略-->
        <insert id="insertStudent" parameterType="com.doaoao.bean.Student">
            INSERT INTO t_student(name,age,score) VALUES (#{name},#{age},#{score})
        </insert>
    </mapper>
    
    <!---->
    <!-- mybatis会检测到student对象,所以上方的属性paramterType一般不用指定  -->
    <!-- Value前面的 name age score指的是数据库中的属性名,Value后面的name age score指的是类Student中的属性名 -->

    7:添加mybatis的配置文件 mybatis.xml  (可随意命名,放于resources目录下)

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE configuration
            PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
            "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
    <configuration>
        <environments default="development">
            <environment id="development">
                <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                <dataSource type="POOLED">
                    <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/learnmybatis?useSSL=false"/>
                    <property name="username" value="root"/>
                    <property name="password" value="123456"/>
                </dataSource>
            </environment>
        </environments>
        <mappers>
            <!--注册映射文件-->
            <mapper resource="com/doaoao/dao/StudentMapper.xml"/>
        </mappers>
    </configuration>

    8:可添加日志

    在resources目录下创建 log4j.properties文件

    # 输出全部的操作日志(二选一)
    log4j.rootLogger=trace,console

    # 输出 namespac="doaoao"下的sql语句(在前面第六步添加映射文件时配置的)
    (二选一)
    log4j.logger.doaoao=debug,console
    #控制台附加器
    log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.console.Target = System.out
    log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern= [%-5p][%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}]%m%n

    9:创建接口类的实现,实现接口StudentDao

    package com.doaoao.dao.impl;
    
    
    import com.doaoao.bean.Student;
    import com.doaoao.dao.StudentDao;
    import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    
    public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
    
        private SqlSession sqlSession;
    
        @Override
        public void insertStudent(Student student) {
            try {
                //读取主配置文件
                InputStream input = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
                //创建SqlSessionFactory对象
                SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(input);
                //创建SqlSession对象
                sqlSession = sessionFactory.openSession();
                //新增数据操作
                sqlSession.insert("insertStudent", student);
                //提交SqlSession
                sqlSession.commit();
    
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                if (sqlSession != null) {
                    sqlSession.close();
                }
            }
        }
    

    10:创建测试类,使用 junit 运行该测试类(执行时选中类名,右键Run...)

    package com.doaoao.test;
    
    import com.doaoao.bean.Student;
    import com.doaoao.dao.StudentDao;
    import com.doaoao.dao.impl.StudentDaoImpl;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class StudentTest01 {
        @Test
        public void insertStudent(){
            StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDaoImpl();
            Student student = new Student("张三",18,80);
    
            studentDao.insertStudent(student);
        }
    }

     ...

    对上方程序进行代码重构

    重构第一部分:在StudentDaoImpl类中,获取SqlSession对象的操作比较复杂,可以将其封装成一个方法

    1:创建一个工具包,并创建一个工具类 MyBatiesUtil.java

    package com.doaoao.util;
    
    import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
    
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    
    public class MyBatisUtil {
        public static volatile SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    
        public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
            try{
                if(sqlSessionFactory == null){
                    // 读取配置文件
                    InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
                    synchronized (MyBatisUtil.class){
                        if(sqlSessionFactory == null){
                            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
                        }
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        }
    }

    2:修改类StudentDaoImpl中的内容

    package com.doaoao.dao.impl;
    import com.doaoao.bean.Student;
    import com.doaoao.dao.StudentDao;
    import com.doaoao.util.MyBatisUtil;
    import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
    public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
    
        private SqlSession sqlSession;
    
        @Override
        public void insertStudent(Student student) {
            // 写在 try括号中让其自动关闭
            // SqlSession继承了AutoCloseable接口,可以自动关闭
            try(SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession()){
                sqlSession.insert("insertStudent",student);     // 新增数据操作
                sqlSession.commit();                               // 提交Session
            }
        }
    }

    重构第二部分:为了便于管理,会将数据库的一些配置信息放到配置文件中,mybatis.xml配置文件会从该配置文件读取信息

    1:在resources目录下创建db.properties配置文件,配置文件内容如下

    jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/learnmybatis?useSSL=false
    jdbc.user=root
    jdbc.password=123456

    2:将所创建的数据库配置文件注册到mybatis.xml文件中,并修改部分内容

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE configuration
            PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
            "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
    <configuration>
    
        <!-- 注册配置文件 -->
        <properties resource="db.properties"></properties>
    
        <environments default="development">
            <environment id="development">
                <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
                <dataSource type="POOLED">
                    <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
                    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
                </dataSource>
            </environment>
        </environments>
        <mappers>
            <!--注册映射文件-->
            <mapper resource="com/doaoao/dao/StudentMapper.xml"/>
        </mappers>
    </configuration>

    ... 

    ...

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Doaoao/p/10701455.html
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