xjoi 2082: 小明的序列

维护一个序列，初始全为(1)

支持两种操作：

1.对于所有的位置(i)，将它的值乘上(i + a)

2.询问(a)处的值

(q=120000) 20s 512M

——————

如果把第一个操作看成乘上一个(x + a_i)，第二个操作看成询问(x = a_i)处多项式的值，那么这是一个裸的动态多点求值

首先暴力是可以AC的……恩，开个O2就行……

直接上CDQ＋静态多点求值的话是(O(n log ^3 n))的，只能跑过60分

#pragma GCC optimize(2)
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;


const int N = 500000;
const int MOD = 802160641;
const int G = 11;
int powi(int a, int b)
{
    int c = 1;
    for (; b; b >>= 1, a = 1ll * a * a % MOD)
        if (b & 1) c = 1ll * c * a % MOD;
    return c;
}
void NTT(int A[], int n, int f)
{
    for (int i = 1; i < n; ++ i)
    {
        int j = 0;
        for (int p = 1, q = n >> 1; p < n; p <<= 1, q >>= 1)
            if (i & p) j |= q;
        if (i < j) swap(A[i], A[j]);
    }
    for (int i = 2; i <= n; i <<= 1)
    {
        int w1 = powi(G, (MOD - 1) / i);
        if (f < 0) w1 = powi(w1, MOD - 2);
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j += i)
        {
            int w = 1;
            for (int k = j; k < j + (i >> 1); ++ k)
            {
                int u = A[k], v = 1ll * A[k + (i >> 1)] * w % MOD;
                A[k] = (u + v) % MOD;
                A[k + (i >> 1)] = (u - v + MOD) % MOD;
                w = 1ll * w * w1 % MOD;
            }
        }
    }

    int p = powi(n, MOD - 2);
    if (f < 0) for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) A[i] = 1ll * A[i] * p % MOD;
}


int Rev_tmp1[N], Rev_tmp2[N];
void Rev(int A[], int G[], int n)
{
    if (n == 1)
    {
        G[0] = powi(A[0], MOD - 2);
    }
    else
    {
        Rev(A, G, n / 2);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) Rev_tmp1[i] = A[i];
        for (int i = n; i < (n << 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp1[i] = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < (n >> 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp2[i] = G[i];
        for (int i = (n >> 1); i < (n << 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp2[i] = 0;
        NTT(Rev_tmp1, n << 1, 1);
        NTT(Rev_tmp2, n << 1, 1);
        for (int i = 0; i < (n << 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp1[i] = ((2 - 1ll * Rev_tmp1[i] * Rev_tmp2[i]) % MOD + MOD) * Rev_tmp2[i] % MOD;
        NTT(Rev_tmp1, n << 1, -1);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) G[i] = Rev_tmp1[i];
    }
}

int Mod_tmp1[N], Mod_tmp2[N], Mod_tmp3[N], Mod_tmp4[N];
void Mod(int A[], int B[], int D[], int n, int m)
{
    if (n < m)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) D[i] = A[i];
        return;
    }
    int nn = 1;
    while (nn < (n - m + 1)) nn <<= 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) Mod_tmp3[i] = A[i];
    for (int i = 0; i < m; ++ i) Mod_tmp4[i] = B[i];
    for (int i = 0, j = n - 1; i < j; ++ i, -- j) swap(Mod_tmp3[i], Mod_tmp3[j]);
    for (int i = 0, j = m - 1; i < j; ++ i, -- j) swap(Mod_tmp4[i], Mod_tmp4[j]);
    for (int i = m; i < nn; ++ i) Mod_tmp4[i] = 0;
    Rev(Mod_tmp4, Mod_tmp2, nn);

    for (int i = 0; i < n - m + 1; ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = Mod_tmp3[i];
    for (int i = n - m + 1; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 0;
    for (int i = n - m + 1; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp2[i] = 0;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, 1);
    NTT(Mod_tmp2, nn << 1, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 1ll * Mod_tmp1[i] * Mod_tmp2[i] % MOD;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, -1);

    while (nn < n) nn <<= 1;
    for (int i = 0, j = n - m; i < j; ++ i, -- j) swap(Mod_tmp1[i], Mod_tmp1[j]);
    for (int i = n - m + 1; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < m; ++ i) Mod_tmp2[i] = B[i];
    for (int i = m; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp2[i] = 0;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, 1);
    NTT(Mod_tmp2, nn << 1, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 1ll * Mod_tmp1[i] * Mod_tmp2[i] % MOD;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, -1);

    for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; ++ i) D[i] = (A[i] - Mod_tmp1[i] + MOD) % MOD;
}

int AAA[N];
int Mul_tmp[20][N], Mul_tmp1[N], Mul_tmp2[N];
void Mul(int x, int l, int r)
{
    if (r - l == 1)
    {
        Mul_tmp[x][l * 2 + 1] = 1;
        Mul_tmp[x][l * 2] = AAA[l];
        return;
    }
    int m = (l + r) / 2;
    Mul(x + 1, l, m);
    Mul(x + 1, m, r);
    for (int i = 0; i < ((m - l) << 1); ++ i) Mul_tmp1[i] = Mul_tmp[x + 1][i + l * 2];
    for (int i = 0; i < ((r - m) << 1); ++ i) Mul_tmp2[i] = Mul_tmp[x + 1][i + m * 2];
    int nn = 1;
    while (nn < (r - l) * 2) nn <<= 1;
    for (int i = ((m - l) << 1); i < nn; ++ i) Mul_tmp1[i] = 0;
    for (int i = ((r - m) << 1); i < nn; ++ i) Mul_tmp2[i] = 0;
    NTT(Mul_tmp1, nn, 1);
    NTT(Mul_tmp2, nn, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < nn; ++ i) Mul_tmp1[i] = 1ll * Mul_tmp1[i] * Mul_tmp2[i] % MOD;
    NTT(Mul_tmp1, nn, -1);
    for (int i = 0; i < ((r - l) << 1); ++ i) Mul_tmp[x][i + l * 2] = Mul_tmp1[i];
}

int get_val_tmp[20][N];
void get_val(int fin[], int x, int l, int r)
{
    if (r - l == 1)
    {
        fin[l] = get_val_tmp[x][l * 2];
        return;
    }
    int m = (l + r) / 2;
    Mod(get_val_tmp[x] + l * 2, Mul_tmp[x + 1] + l * 2, get_val_tmp[x + 1] + l * 2, (r - l) * 2, (m - l) + 1);
    Mod(get_val_tmp[x] + l * 2, Mul_tmp[x + 1] + m * 2, get_val_tmp[x + 1] + m * 2, (r - l) * 2, (r - m) + 1);

    for (int i = m + l; i < m * 2; ++ i) get_val_tmp[x + 1][i] = 0;
    for (int i = r + m; i < r * 2; ++ i) get_val_tmp[x + 1][i] = 0;

    get_val(fin, x + 1, l, m);
    get_val(fin, x + 1, m, r);
}

void GGG(int A[], int B[], int D[], int n, int m)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < m * 2; ++ i) get_val_tmp[0][i] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < m; ++ i) AAA[i] = MOD - B[i];
    Mul(0, 0, m);
    Mod(A, Mul_tmp[0], get_val_tmp[0], n, m + 1);
    get_val(D, 0, 0, m);
}

int typ[N], val[N], ans[N];

int solve_tmp1[N], solve_tmp2[N], solve_tmp3[N];
void solve(int l, int r)
{
    if (r - l == 1) return;
    int m = (l + r) / 2;
    solve(l, m);
    solve(m, r);
    int tot1 = 0, tot2 = 0, tot3 = 0;
    for (int i = l; i < m; ++ i) if (typ[i] == 2) AAA[tot1 ++] = val[i];
    for (int i = m; i < r; ++ i) if (typ[i] == 1) solve_tmp2[tot2 ++] = val[i];
    if (!tot1 || !tot2) return;
    Mul(0, 0, tot1);
    for (int i = 0; i < tot1 + 1; ++ i) solve_tmp1[i] = Mul_tmp[0][i];
    for (int i = tot1 + 1; i < tot1 * 3; ++ i) solve_tmp1[i] = 0;
    GGG(solve_tmp1, solve_tmp2, solve_tmp3, tot1 + 1, tot2);
    for (int i = m; i < r; ++ i) if (typ[i] == 1) ans[i] = 1ll * ans[i] * solve_tmp3[tot3 ++] % MOD;
}
int main()
{
    int a, b, c, n;
    scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c); n = b + c;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i)
    {
        scanf("%d%d", &typ[i], &val[i]); ans[i] = 1;

        val[i] = ((val[i]) % MOD + MOD) % MOD;
    }
    solve(0, n);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i)
        if (typ[i] == 1) printf("%d
", ans[i]);
}

令第(i-1)次询问到第(i)次询问之间的多项式之积为(A_i(x))

那么显然有 (ans_i = (prod_{p=1}^{i} A_p(x)) mod (x - a_i))

令(f_{l,r}=(prod_{p=1}^{l} A_p(x)) mod (prod_{p = l}^{r-1} (x - a_p)) )

于是(ans_i = f_{i,i+1})

注意到

(f_{l,mid} = f_{l,r} mod (prod_{p = l}^{mid-1} (x - a_p)) )

(f_{mid,r} =( f_{l,r} prod_{p=l+1}^{mid} A_p(x))  mod (prod_{p = mid}^{r-1} (x - a_p)) )

(f_{1,q}=A_1(x) )

预处理 需要用的 (x-a_i)的积 和 需要用的 (A_i(x) ) 的积（就是一个多项式分治乘法啦

一次递归只需要跑一次多项式乘法和两次多项式取膜，多项式的度数是(O(len))的，因此一次递归的复杂度是(O(len log len))的

(T(n) = 2 T(frac{n}{2})  + O(n log n)))

最终复杂度(O(n log ^2 n))

代码写的和上面的分析有些不同，所以有点萎（捂脸

#pragma GCC optimize(2)
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;


const int N = 1000000;
const int MOD = 802160641;
const int G = 11;
int powi(int a, int b)
{
    int c = 1;
    for (; b; b >>= 1, a = 1ll * a * a % MOD)
        if (b & 1) c = 1ll * c * a % MOD;
    return c;
}
void NTT(int A[], int n, int f)
{
    for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < n; ++ i)
    {
        if (i > j) swap(A[i], A[j]);
        for (int l = n >> 1; (j ^= l) < l; l >>= 1);
    }
    for (int i = 2; i <= n; i <<= 1)
    {
        int w1 = powi(G, (MOD - 1) / i);
        if (f < 0) w1 = powi(w1, MOD - 2);
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j += i)
        {
            int w = 1;
            for (int k = j; k < j + (i >> 1); ++ k)
            {
                int u = A[k], v = 1ll * A[k + (i >> 1)] * w % MOD;
                A[k] = (u + v >= MOD? u + v - MOD: u + v);
                A[k + (i >> 1)] = (u - v < 0? u - v + MOD: u - v);
                w = 1ll * w * w1 % MOD;
            }
        }
    }

    int p = powi(n, MOD - 2);
    if (f < 0) for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) A[i] = 1ll * A[i] * p % MOD;
}


int Rev_tmp1[N], Rev_tmp2[N];
void Rev(int A[], int G[], int n)
{
    if (n == 1)
    {
        G[0] = powi(A[0], MOD - 2);
    }
    else
    {
        Rev(A, G, n / 2);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) Rev_tmp1[i] = A[i];
        for (int i = n; i < (n << 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp1[i] = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < (n >> 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp2[i] = G[i];
        for (int i = (n >> 1); i < (n << 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp2[i] = 0;
        NTT(Rev_tmp1, n << 1, 1);
        NTT(Rev_tmp2, n << 1, 1);
        for (int i = 0; i < (n << 1); ++ i) Rev_tmp1[i] = ((2 - 1ll * Rev_tmp1[i] * Rev_tmp2[i]) % MOD + MOD) * Rev_tmp2[i] % MOD;
        NTT(Rev_tmp1, n << 1, -1);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) G[i] = Rev_tmp1[i];
    }
}

int Mod_tmp1[N], Mod_tmp2[N], Mod_tmp3[N], Mod_tmp4[N];
void Mod(int A[], int B[], int D[], int n, int m)
{
    while (B[m - 1] == 0) m --;
    if (n < m)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) D[i] = A[i];
        return;
    }
    int nn = 1;
    while (nn < (n - m + 1)) nn <<= 1;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) Mod_tmp3[i] = A[i];
    for (int i = 0; i < m; ++ i) Mod_tmp4[i] = B[i];
    for (int i = 0, j = n - 1; i < j; ++ i, -- j) swap(Mod_tmp3[i], Mod_tmp3[j]);
    for (int i = 0, j = m - 1; i < j; ++ i, -- j) swap(Mod_tmp4[i], Mod_tmp4[j]);
    for (int i = m; i < nn; ++ i) Mod_tmp4[i] = 0;
    Rev(Mod_tmp4, Mod_tmp2, nn);

    for (int i = 0; i < n - m + 1; ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = Mod_tmp3[i];
    for (int i = n - m + 1; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 0;
    for (int i = n - m + 1; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp2[i] = 0;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, 1);
    NTT(Mod_tmp2, nn << 1, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 1ll * Mod_tmp1[i] * Mod_tmp2[i] % MOD;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, -1);

    while (nn < n) nn <<= 1;
    for (int i = 0, j = n - m; i < j; ++ i, -- j) swap(Mod_tmp1[i], Mod_tmp1[j]);
    for (int i = n - m + 1; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < m; ++ i) Mod_tmp2[i] = B[i];
    for (int i = m; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp2[i] = 0;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, 1);
    NTT(Mod_tmp2, nn << 1, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < (nn << 1); ++ i) Mod_tmp1[i] = 1ll * Mod_tmp1[i] * Mod_tmp2[i] % MOD;
    NTT(Mod_tmp1, nn << 1, -1);

    for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; ++ i) D[i] = (A[i] - Mod_tmp1[i] + MOD) % MOD;
}

int AAA[N], BBB[N];
int Mul1[20][N], Mul2[20][N], Mul_tmp1[N], Mul_tmp2[N];
void Mul(int Mul_tmp[][N], int x, int l, int r)
{
    if (r - l == 1)
    {
        if (!BBB[l])
        {
            Mul_tmp[x][l * 2 + 1] = 1;
            Mul_tmp[x][l * 2] = AAA[l];
        }
        else
        {
            Mul_tmp[x][l * 2 + 1] = 0;
            Mul_tmp[x][l * 2] = 1;
        }
        return;
    }
    int m = (l + r) / 2;
    Mul(Mul_tmp, x + 1, l, m);
    Mul(Mul_tmp, x + 1, m, r);
    for (int i = 0; i < ((m - l) << 1); ++ i) Mul_tmp1[i] = Mul_tmp[x + 1][i + l * 2];
    for (int i = 0; i < ((r - m) << 1); ++ i) Mul_tmp2[i] = Mul_tmp[x + 1][i + m * 2];
    int nn = 1;
    while (nn < (r - l) * 2) nn <<= 1;
    for (int i = ((m - l) << 1); i < nn; ++ i) Mul_tmp1[i] = 0;
    for (int i = ((r - m) << 1); i < nn; ++ i) Mul_tmp2[i] = 0;
    NTT(Mul_tmp1, nn, 1);
    NTT(Mul_tmp2, nn, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < nn; ++ i) Mul_tmp1[i] = 1ll * Mul_tmp1[i] * Mul_tmp2[i] % MOD;
    NTT(Mul_tmp1, nn, -1);
    for (int i = 0; i < ((r - l) << 1); ++ i) Mul_tmp[x][i + l * 2] = Mul_tmp1[i];
}


int cnt1[N], cnt2[N];
int ans[N], typ[N], val[N];
int solve_tmp[20][N], solve_tmp1[N], solve_tmp2[N];
void solve(int x, int l, int r)
{
    if (r - l == 1)
    {
        ans[l] = solve_tmp[x][l * 2];
        return;
    }
    if (cnt1[r] - cnt1[l] == 0) return;
    int m = (l + r) / 2;
    Mod(solve_tmp[x] + l * 2, Mul1[x + 1] + l * 2, solve_tmp[x + 1] + l * 2, (r - l) * 2, (m - l) * 2);

    int nn = 1;
    while (nn < (r - l) * 2) nn *= 2;

    for (int i = 0; i < (r - l) * 2; ++ i) solve_tmp1[i] = solve_tmp[x][i + l * 2];
    for (int i = (r - l) * 2; i < nn; ++ i) solve_tmp1[i] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < (m - l) * 2; ++ i) solve_tmp2[i] = Mul2[x + 1][i + l * 2];
    for (int i = (m - l) * 2; i < nn; ++ i) solve_tmp2[i] = 0;
    NTT(solve_tmp1, nn, 1);
    NTT(solve_tmp2, nn, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < nn; ++ i) solve_tmp1[i] = 1ll * solve_tmp1[i] * solve_tmp2[i] % MOD;
    NTT(solve_tmp1, nn, -1);
    Mod(solve_tmp1, Mul1[x + 1] + m * 2, solve_tmp[x + 1] + m * 2, (r - l) * 2, (r - m) * 2);

    solve(x + 1, l, m);
    solve(x + 1, m, r);

}

namespace IO {
    const int SIZE=(int)(1e6);
    char buf[SIZE];

    FILE *in,*out;
    int cur;

    inline void init() {
        cur=SIZE;in=stdin;out=stdout;
    }

    inline char nextChar() {
        if(cur==SIZE) {
            fread(buf,SIZE,1,in);cur=0;
        } return buf[cur++];
    }

    inline int nextInt() {
        bool st=0,neg=0;
        char c;int num=0;
        while((c=nextChar())!=EOF) {
            if(c=='-') st=neg=1;
            else if(c>='0' && c<='9') {
                st=1;num=num*10+c-'0';
            } else if(st) break;
        } if(neg) num=-num;
        return num;
    }

    inline void printChar(char c) {
        buf[cur++]=c;
        if(cur==SIZE) {
            fwrite(buf,SIZE,1,out);cur=0;
        }
    }

    inline void printInt(int x) {
        if(x<0) {
            printChar('-');printInt(-x);
            return;
        }
        if(x>=10) printInt(x/10);printChar('0'+x%10);
    }

    inline void close() {
        if(cur>0) fwrite(buf,cur,1,out);cur=0;
    }
}

int main()
{
    using namespace IO;
    int a, b, c, n;
    init();
    a = nextInt();
    b = nextInt();
    c = nextInt();
    n = b + c;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i)
    {
        typ[i] = nextInt();
        val[i] = nextInt();
        ans[i] = 1;
        cnt1[i + 1] = cnt1[i] + (typ[i] == 1);
        cnt2[i + 1] = cnt2[i] + (typ[i] == 2);
        val[i] = ((val[i]) % MOD + MOD) % MOD;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) if (typ[i] == 2) BBB[i] = 0, AAA[i] = val[i]; else BBB[i] = 1;
    Mul(Mul2, 0, 0, n);

    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i) if (typ[i] == 1) BBB[i] = 0, AAA[i] = MOD - val[i]; else BBB[i] = 1;
    Mul(Mul1, 0, 0, n);

    solve_tmp[0][0] = 1;
    solve(0, 0, n);

    cur = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++ i)
        if (typ[i] == 1) printInt(ans[i]), printChar('
');
    close();
}

换了一个NTT板子，终于跑的比暴力快了QAQ

学会了多项式技巧（划去