一、单个 controller 范围的异常处理
package com.xxx.secondboot.web; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyExceptionResponse; import io.swagger.annotations.Api; @Api("测试controllerAdvice和全局异常处理") @RestController @RequestMapping("/advice1") public class AdviceController { @RequestMapping(value = "/test1", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String test1() { throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception1"); } @RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String test2() { throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception2"); } @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class) public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler() { MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse(); resp.setCode(300); resp.setMsg("exception-Handler"); return resp; } }
说明:
- 在 controller 中加入被 @ExceptionHandler 修饰的类即可(在该注解中指定该方法需要处理的那些异常类)
- 该异常处理方法只在当前的 controller 中起作用
二、全部 controller 范围内起作用的异常处理(全局异常处理)
1、全局异常处理类
package com.xxx.secondboot.web; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyExceptionResponse; import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyRuntimeException; //@ControllerAdvice(annotations=RestController.class) //@ControllerAdvice(basePackages={"com.xxx","com.ooo"}) @ControllerAdvice public class GlobalExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class) // @ExceptionHandler(value={RuntimeException.class,MyRuntimeException.class}) // @ExceptionHandler//处理所有异常 @ResponseBody //在返回自定义相应类的情况下必须有,这是@ControllerAdvice注解的规定 public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler(RuntimeException e, HttpServletResponse response) { MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse(); resp.setCode(300); resp.setMsg("exception-Handler"); // response.setStatus(600); return resp; } }
说明:
- @ControllerAdvice 是 controller 的一个辅助类,最常用的就是作为全局异常处理的切面类
- @ControllerAdvice 可以指定扫描范围
- @ControllerAdvice 约定了几种可行的返回值,如果是直接返回 model 类的话,需要使用 @ResponseBody 进行 json 转换
- 返回 String,表示跳到某个 view
- 返回 modelAndView
- 返回 model + @ResponseBody
2、controller
package com.xxx.secondboot.web; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import io.swagger.annotations.Api; @Api("测试controllerAdvice和全局异常处理") @RestController @RequestMapping("/advice1") public class AdviceController { @RequestMapping(value = "/test1", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String test1() { throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception1"); } @RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String test2() { throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception2"); } // @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class) // public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler() { // MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse(); // resp.setCode(300); // resp.setMsg("exception-Handler"); // return resp; // } }
注意:
- 同一个异常被局部范围异常处理器和全局范围异常处理器同时覆盖,会选择小范围的局部范围处理器
- 同一个异常被小范围的异常类和大范围的异常处理器同时覆盖,会选择小范围的异常处理器
参考自:
- http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/1866350 开涛的 @ControllerAdvice(三个作用)
- http://www.tuicool.com/articles/fA7nuii springboot 约定的异常处理体系
- https://spring.io/blog/2013/11/01/exception-handling-in-spring-mvc springMVC 异常处理体系
- http://www.baeldung.com/2013/01/31/exception-handling-for-rest-with-spring-3-2/ springMVC 异常处理体系