• 【设计模式】—— 解释器模式Interpret


      前言:【模式总览】——————————by xingoo

      模式意图

      自定义某种语言后,给定一种文法标准,定义解释器,进行解析。

      做过搜索的朋友们可能更了解一些,平时我们搜索所需要的词库,通常就需要用这种方式来实现。

      应用场景

      1 有复杂的语法分析场景

      2 需要高效的解释,胜过快速的效率(即看中解释的结果,而放弃效率)

      模式结构

      Expression 语法解释器的抽线模型

    /**
     * 指定抽象表达式,具体表达式必须实现的方法
     * @author xingoo
     *
     */
    abstract class Expression{
        /**
         * 以上下文环境为准,解释指定的表达式
         * @param ctx
         * @return
         */
        public abstract boolean interpret(Context ctx);
        /**
         * 检验两个表达式,是否相同
         */
        public abstract boolean equals(Object o);
        /**
         * 返回表达式代表的hashCode
         */
        public abstract int hashCode();
        /**
         * 转换成字符串
         */
        public abstract String toString();
    }

      以下是具体的解释器实现过程,这里主要模仿JAVA模式中的例子

    /**
     * 常量表达式
     * @author xingoo
     *
     */
    class Constant extends Expression{
        private boolean value;
        public Constant(boolean value){
            this.value = value;
        }
        public boolean interpret(Context ctx){
            return value;
        }
        public boolean equals(Object o){
            if(o!=null && o instanceof Constant){
                return this.value == ((Constant)o).value;
            }
            return false;
        }
        public int hashCode() {
            return (this.toString()).hashCode();
        }
        public String toString() {
            return new Boolean(value).toString();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 变量表达式
     * @author xingoo
     *
     */
    class Variable extends Expression{
        private String name;
        
        public Variable(String name){
            this.name = name;
        }
        
        public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
            return ctx.lookup(this);
        }
        
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if(o!=null && o instanceof Variable){
                return this.name.equals(((Variable)o).name);
            }
            return false;
        }
    
        public int hashCode() {
            return (this.toString()).hashCode();
        }
        public String toString() {
            return name;
        }
        
    }
    /**
     * 与 表达式
     * @author xingoo
     *
     */
    class And extends Expression{
        private Expression left,right;
        
        public And(Expression left,Expression right){
            this.left = left;
            this.right = right;
        }
        
        public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
            return left.interpret(ctx) && right.interpret(ctx);
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if(o!=null && o instanceof And){
                return this.left.equals(((And)o).left) && this.right.equals(((And)o).right);
            }
            return false;
        }
    
        public int hashCode() {
            return (this.toString()).hashCode();
        }
    
        public String toString() {
            return "("+left.toString()+" AND "+right.toString()+")";
        }
    }
    /**
     * 或 表达式
     * @author xingoo
     *
     */
    class Or extends Expression{
        private Expression left,right;
        
        public Or(Expression left,Expression right){
            this.left = left;
            this.right = right;
        }
        
        public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
            return left.interpret(ctx) || right.interpret(ctx);
        }
    
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if(o!=null && o instanceof Or){
                return this.left.equals(((Or)o).left) && this.right.equals(((Or)o).right);
            }
            return false;
        }
    
        public int hashCode() {
            return (this.toString()).hashCode();
        }
    
        public String toString() {
            return "("+left.toString()+" Or "+right.toString()+")";
        }
    }
    /**
     * 非 表达式
     * @author xingoo
     *
     */
    class Not extends Expression{
        private Expression exp;
        
        public Not(Expression exp){
            this.exp = exp;
        }
        
        public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
            return !exp.interpret(ctx);
        }
    
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if(o!=null && o instanceof Not){
                return this.exp.equals(((Not)o).exp);
            }
            return false;
        }
    
        public int hashCode() {
            return (this.toString()).hashCode();
        }
    
        public String toString() {
            return "(Not "+exp.toString()+")";
        }
        
    }
    View Code

      Context 上下文环境,存储一些表达式的内容

    /**
     * 上下文环境
     * @author xingoo
     *
     */
    class Context{
        
        private HashMap map = new HashMap();
        
        public void assign(Variable var,boolean value){
            map.put(var, new Boolean(value));
        }
        
        public boolean lookup(Variable var) throws IllegalArgumentException{
            Boolean value = (Boolean)map.get(var);
            if(value == null){
                throw new IllegalArgumentException();
            }
            return value.booleanValue();
        }
    }

      全部代码

      1 package com.xingoo.interpreter;
      2 
      3 import java.util.HashMap;
      4 /**
      5  * 指定抽象表达式,具体表达式必须实现的方法
      6  * @author xingoo
      7  *
      8  */
      9 abstract class Expression{
     10     /**
     11      * 以上下文环境为准,解释指定的表达式
     12      * @param ctx
     13      * @return
     14      */
     15     public abstract boolean interpret(Context ctx);
     16     /**
     17      * 检验两个表达式,是否相同
     18      */
     19     public abstract boolean equals(Object o);
     20     /**
     21      * 返回表达式代表的hashCode
     22      */
     23     public abstract int hashCode();
     24     /**
     25      * 转换成字符串
     26      */
     27     public abstract String toString();
     28 }
     29 /**
     30  * 常量表达式
     31  * @author xingoo
     32  *
     33  */
     34 class Constant extends Expression{
     35     private boolean value;
     36     public Constant(boolean value){
     37         this.value = value;
     38     }
     39     public boolean interpret(Context ctx){
     40         return value;
     41     }
     42     public boolean equals(Object o){
     43         if(o!=null && o instanceof Constant){
     44             return this.value == ((Constant)o).value;
     45         }
     46         return false;
     47     }
     48     public int hashCode() {
     49         return (this.toString()).hashCode();
     50     }
     51     public String toString() {
     52         return new Boolean(value).toString();
     53     }
     54 }
     55 /**
     56  * 变量表达式
     57  * @author xingoo
     58  *
     59  */
     60 class Variable extends Expression{
     61     private String name;
     62     
     63     public Variable(String name){
     64         this.name = name;
     65     }
     66     
     67     public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
     68         return ctx.lookup(this);
     69     }
     70     
     71     public boolean equals(Object o) {
     72         if(o!=null && o instanceof Variable){
     73             return this.name.equals(((Variable)o).name);
     74         }
     75         return false;
     76     }
     77 
     78     public int hashCode() {
     79         return (this.toString()).hashCode();
     80     }
     81     public String toString() {
     82         return name;
     83     }
     84     
     85 }
     86 /**
     87  * 与 表达式
     88  * @author xingoo
     89  *
     90  */
     91 class And extends Expression{
     92     private Expression left,right;
     93     
     94     public And(Expression left,Expression right){
     95         this.left = left;
     96         this.right = right;
     97     }
     98     
     99     public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
    100         return left.interpret(ctx) && right.interpret(ctx);
    101     }
    102 
    103     @Override
    104     public boolean equals(Object o) {
    105         if(o!=null && o instanceof And){
    106             return this.left.equals(((And)o).left) && this.right.equals(((And)o).right);
    107         }
    108         return false;
    109     }
    110 
    111     public int hashCode() {
    112         return (this.toString()).hashCode();
    113     }
    114 
    115     public String toString() {
    116         return "("+left.toString()+" AND "+right.toString()+")";
    117     }
    118 }
    119 /**
    120  * 或 表达式
    121  * @author xingoo
    122  *
    123  */
    124 class Or extends Expression{
    125     private Expression left,right;
    126     
    127     public Or(Expression left,Expression right){
    128         this.left = left;
    129         this.right = right;
    130     }
    131     
    132     public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
    133         return left.interpret(ctx) || right.interpret(ctx);
    134     }
    135 
    136     public boolean equals(Object o) {
    137         if(o!=null && o instanceof Or){
    138             return this.left.equals(((Or)o).left) && this.right.equals(((Or)o).right);
    139         }
    140         return false;
    141     }
    142 
    143     public int hashCode() {
    144         return (this.toString()).hashCode();
    145     }
    146 
    147     public String toString() {
    148         return "("+left.toString()+" Or "+right.toString()+")";
    149     }
    150 }
    151 /**
    152  * 非 表达式
    153  * @author xingoo
    154  *
    155  */
    156 class Not extends Expression{
    157     private Expression exp;
    158     
    159     public Not(Expression exp){
    160         this.exp = exp;
    161     }
    162     
    163     public boolean interpret(Context ctx) {
    164         return !exp.interpret(ctx);
    165     }
    166 
    167     public boolean equals(Object o) {
    168         if(o!=null && o instanceof Not){
    169             return this.exp.equals(((Not)o).exp);
    170         }
    171         return false;
    172     }
    173 
    174     public int hashCode() {
    175         return (this.toString()).hashCode();
    176     }
    177 
    178     public String toString() {
    179         return "(Not "+exp.toString()+")";
    180     }
    181     
    182 }
    183 /**
    184  * 上下文环境
    185  * @author xingoo
    186  *
    187  */
    188 class Context{
    189     
    190     private HashMap map = new HashMap();
    191     
    192     public void assign(Variable var,boolean value){
    193         map.put(var, new Boolean(value));
    194     }
    195     
    196     public boolean lookup(Variable var) throws IllegalArgumentException{
    197         Boolean value = (Boolean)map.get(var);
    198         if(value == null){
    199             throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    200         }
    201         return value.booleanValue();
    202     }
    203 }
    204 public class Client {
    205     private static Context ctx;
    206     private static Expression exp;
    207     public static void main(String[] args) {
    208         ctx = new Context();
    209         Variable x = new Variable("x");
    210         Variable y = new Variable("y");
    211         
    212         Constant c = new Constant(true);
    213         
    214         //放入上下文中
    215         ctx.assign(x, false);
    216         ctx.assign(y, true);
    217         
    218         exp = new Or(new And(c,x),new And(y,new Not(x)));
    219         System.out.println("x = "+x.interpret(ctx));
    220         System.out.println("y = "+y.interpret(ctx));
    221         System.out.println(exp.toString() +" = "+exp.interpret(ctx));
    222     }
    223 }
    View Code

      运行结果

    x = false
    y = true
    ((true AND x) Or (y AND (Not x))) = true
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xing901022/p/4077232.html
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