Habse创建一张表:
1,创建一个命名空间NameSpace(命名空间NameSpace指的是一个表的逻辑分组 ,同一分组中的各个表有类似的用途,相当于关系型数据库中的DataBase)
admin.createNamespace(NamespaceDescriptor.create("MyNamespace").build());
NamespaceDescriptor类用于对NameSpace的描述
在Hbase中,命名空间、表、列族的创建,都需要先进行描述NamespaceDescriptor、HTableDescriptor、HColumnDescriptor,才能进行相应的操作。
2,创建一张表
//创建tablename对象,描述表的名称信息,命名空间在此处使用
TableName tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
//创建HTableDescriptor对象,描述表信息
HTableDescriptor tDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tname);
//创建HColumnDescriptor对象,描述列族信息
HColumnDescriptor famliy = new HColumnDescriptor("core");
//将列族的描述信息添加进表的描述信息
tDescriptor.addFamily(famliy);
//利用表的描述信息创建一张表
admin.createTable(tDescriptor);
HBase主要的四类操作,分别是:
Put :增加一行,修改一行
Delete :删除一行,删除指定列族,删除指定column的多个版本,删除指定column的制定版本等
Get :获取指定行的所有信息,获取指定行和指定列族的所有colunm,获取指定column,获取指定column的几个版本,获取指定column的指定版本等
Scan :获取所有行,获取指定行键范围的行,获取从某行开始的几行,获取满足过滤条件的行等
maven依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId> <artifactId>hbase-it</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency>
Java API操作:
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.text.DecimalFormat; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; /** * @Author:Xavier * @Data:2019-02-20 15:48 **/ public class OptionTest { private Admin admin = null; private Connection connection = null; private Configuration conf = null; private TableName tname = null; @Before public void init() throws IOException { conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "nn01,nn02,dn01,dn02,dn03,dn04"); conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181"); conf.set("hbase.master", "dn01:60000"); connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf); admin = connection.getAdmin(); } //创建一张表,指定表名,列族 @Test public void createTabl() throws IOException { try { admin.createNamespace(NamespaceDescriptor.create("MyNamespace").build()); } catch (NamespaceExistException e) { System.out.println("该命名空间已经存在"); } //创建tablename对象,描述表的名称信息 tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); //创建HTableDescriptor对象,描述表信息 HTableDescriptor tDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tname); if (admin.tableExists(tname)) { System.out.println("students" + "存在!"); System.exit(0); } else { HColumnDescriptor famliy = new HColumnDescriptor("core"); tDescriptor.addFamily(famliy); admin.createTable(tDescriptor); System.out.println("创建表成功!"); } } //获取所有的表 @Test public void getAllTable() { if (admin != null) { try { HTableDescriptor[] alltable = admin.listTables(); for (HTableDescriptor hTableDesc : alltable) { System.out.println(hTableDesc.getNameAsString()); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } //删除表 @Test public void deleteTab() throws IOException { tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); if (admin.tableExists(tname)) { admin.disableTable(tname);//先禁用表才能删除 admin.deleteTable(tname); System.out.println("删除表成功!"); } else { System.out.println("表不存在"); } } //插入一条数据 @Test public void addOneRecord() throws IOException { //通过连接查询tableName对象 tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); if(admin.tableExists(tname)) { Table table = connection.getTable(tname); Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("lisi")); put.add(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("math"), Bytes.toBytes("98")); table.put(put); System.out.println("插入数据成功!"); }else { System.out.println("插入数据失败"); } } //插入多条数据 @Test public void moreInsert() throws IOException { //测试在数据前补零 DecimalFormat format = new DecimalFormat(); format.applyPattern("0000"); tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); HTable htable = (HTable) connection.getTable(tname); //不要自动清理缓冲区 htable.setAutoFlush(false); // 一个put代表一行数据,再new一个put表示第二行数据,每行一个唯一的RowKey for (int i = 1; i < 10000; i++) { Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("leilei" + format.format(i))); //关闭写前日志 put.setWriteToWAL(false); put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("math"), Bytes.toBytes(format.format(i))); put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("english"), Bytes.toBytes(format.format(Math.random() * i))); put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("chinese"), Bytes.toBytes(format.format(Math.random() * i))); htable.put(put); if (i % 2000 == 0) { htable.flushCommits(); } } htable.flushCommits(); htable.close(); } //通过RowKey,faimly,colum获取cell数据 @Test public void getData() throws IOException { tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); Table table = connection.getTable(tname); //通过RowKey Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("lisi")); Result result = table.get(get); System.out.println(Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("math")))); } //扫描在rowkey范围内的cell数据 @Test public void deleteRangeRK() throws IOException { tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); Table table = connection.getTable(tname); Scan scan = new Scan(); scan.setStartRow(Bytes.toBytes("leilei1000")); scan.setStopRow(Bytes.toBytes("leilei9999")); ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan); Iterator<Result> iterator = resultScanner.iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { System.out.println(Bytes.toString((iterator.next()).getValue(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("english")))); // System.out.println((iterator.next()).toString()); } } //KeyValue形式查询一行的数据 @Test public void getValueFromKey() throws IOException { tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); Table table = connection.getTable(tname); Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("lisi")); Result result = table.get(get); if (result.raw().length == 0) { System.out.println("不存在该关键字的行!!"); } else { for (Cell kv : result.rawCells()) { System.out.println( "列:"+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(kv))+":"+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(kv)) +" 值:"+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(kv))); } } } //KeyValue形式查询所有的数据 @Test public void getAllData() throws Exception { tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); Table table = connection.getTable(tname); Scan scan = new Scan(); ResultScanner rs = table.getScanner(scan); for (Result r : rs) { for (KeyValue kv : r.raw()) { System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getKey()) + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue())); } } } // 删除一行Hbase表中记录信息的 @Test public void deleteRecord() throws IOException { tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students"); Table table = connection.getTable(tname); Delete de = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("leilei9997")); try { table.delete(de); System.out.println("删除记录成功!!!"); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("删除记录异常!!!"); } } @After public void destory() throws IOException { admin.close(); connection.close(); } }