• Hbase的基本操作(CDH组件可用)


    Habse创建一张表:
        1,创建一个命名空间NameSpace(命名空间NameSpace指的是一个表的逻辑分组 ,同一分组中的各个表有类似的用途,相当于关系型数据库中的DataBase)
            admin.createNamespace(NamespaceDescriptor.create("MyNamespace").build());
        NamespaceDescriptor类用于对NameSpace的描述
        在Hbase中,命名空间、表、列族的创建,都需要先进行描述NamespaceDescriptor、HTableDescriptor、HColumnDescriptor,才能进行相应的操作。
        2,创建一张表
            //创建tablename对象,描述表的名称信息,命名空间在此处使用
            TableName tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
            //创建HTableDescriptor对象,描述表信息
            HTableDescriptor tDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tname);
            //创建HColumnDescriptor对象,描述列族信息
            HColumnDescriptor famliy = new HColumnDescriptor("core");
            //将列族的描述信息添加进表的描述信息
            tDescriptor.addFamily(famliy);
            //利用表的描述信息创建一张表
            admin.createTable(tDescriptor);

    HBase主要的四类操作,分别是:
        Put :增加一行,修改一行
        Delete :删除一行,删除指定列族,删除指定column的多个版本,删除指定column的制定版本等
        Get :获取指定行的所有信息,获取指定行和指定列族的所有colunm,获取指定column,获取指定column的几个版本,获取指定column的指定版本等
        Scan :获取所有行,获取指定行键范围的行,获取从某行开始的几行,获取满足过滤条件的行等


    maven依赖:

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
                <artifactId>hbase-it</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.2</version>
            </dependency>    

    Java API操作:

    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
    import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
    import org.junit.After;
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.text.DecimalFormat;
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.List;
    
    
    /**
     * @Author:Xavier
     * @Data:2019-02-20 15:48
     **/
    
    
    public class OptionTest {
        private Admin admin = null;
        private Connection connection = null;
        private Configuration conf = null;
        private TableName tname = null;
    
        @Before
        public void init() throws IOException {
            conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
            conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "nn01,nn02,dn01,dn02,dn03,dn04");
            conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
            conf.set("hbase.master", "dn01:60000");
    
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
    
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        }
    
        //创建一张表,指定表名,列族
        @Test
        public void createTabl() throws IOException {
    
            try {
                admin.createNamespace(NamespaceDescriptor.create("MyNamespace").build());
            } catch (NamespaceExistException e) {
                System.out.println("该命名空间已经存在");
            }
    
            //创建tablename对象,描述表的名称信息
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
            //创建HTableDescriptor对象,描述表信息
            HTableDescriptor tDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tname);
            if (admin.tableExists(tname)) {
                System.out.println("students" + "存在!");
                System.exit(0);
            } else {
                HColumnDescriptor famliy = new HColumnDescriptor("core");
                tDescriptor.addFamily(famliy);
                admin.createTable(tDescriptor);
                System.out.println("创建表成功!");
            }
        }
    
        //获取所有的表
        @Test
        public void getAllTable() {
            if (admin != null) {
                try {
                    HTableDescriptor[] alltable = admin.listTables();
                    for (HTableDescriptor hTableDesc : alltable) {
                        System.out.println(hTableDesc.getNameAsString());
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    
        //删除表
        @Test
        public void deleteTab() throws IOException {
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
            if (admin.tableExists(tname)) {
                admin.disableTable(tname);//先禁用表才能删除
                admin.deleteTable(tname);
                System.out.println("删除表成功!");
            } else {
                System.out.println("表不存在");
            }
        }
    
        //插入一条数据
        @Test
        public void addOneRecord() throws IOException {
    
                //通过连接查询tableName对象
                tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
    
            if(admin.tableExists(tname)) {
    
                Table table = connection.getTable(tname);
    
                Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("lisi"));
                put.add(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("math"), Bytes.toBytes("98"));
    
                table.put(put);
                System.out.println("插入数据成功!");
            }else {
                System.out.println("插入数据失败");
            }
        }
    
        //插入多条数据
        @Test
        public void moreInsert() throws IOException {
            //测试在数据前补零
            DecimalFormat format = new DecimalFormat();
            format.applyPattern("0000");
    
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
    
            HTable htable = (HTable) connection.getTable(tname);
    
            //不要自动清理缓冲区
            htable.setAutoFlush(false);
    
            // 一个put代表一行数据,再new一个put表示第二行数据,每行一个唯一的RowKey
            for (int i = 1; i < 10000; i++) {
                Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("leilei" + format.format(i)));
                //关闭写前日志
                put.setWriteToWAL(false);
    
    
                put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("math"), Bytes.toBytes(format.format(i)));
                put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("english"), Bytes.toBytes(format.format(Math.random() * i)));
                put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("chinese"), Bytes.toBytes(format.format(Math.random() * i)));
                htable.put(put);
    
                if (i % 2000 == 0) {
                    htable.flushCommits();
                }
            }
            htable.flushCommits();
            htable.close();
        }
    
    
        //通过RowKey,faimly,colum获取cell数据
        @Test
        public void getData() throws IOException {
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
    
            Table table = connection.getTable(tname);
    
            //通过RowKey
            Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("lisi"));
    
            Result result = table.get(get);
    
            System.out.println(Bytes.toString(result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("math"))));
        }
    
        //扫描在rowkey范围内的cell数据
        @Test
        public void deleteRangeRK() throws IOException {
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
            Table table = connection.getTable(tname);
    
            Scan scan = new Scan();
    
            scan.setStartRow(Bytes.toBytes("leilei1000"));
            scan.setStopRow(Bytes.toBytes("leilei9999"));
    
    
            ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
    
            Iterator<Result> iterator = resultScanner.iterator();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                System.out.println(Bytes.toString((iterator.next()).getValue(Bytes.toBytes("core"), Bytes.toBytes("english"))));
    //            System.out.println((iterator.next()).toString());
            }
        }
    
        //KeyValue形式查询一行的数据
        @Test
        public void getValueFromKey() throws IOException {
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
            Table table =  connection.getTable(tname);
            Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("lisi"));
    
            Result result = table.get(get);
            if (result.raw().length == 0) {
                System.out.println("不存在该关键字的行!!");
    
            } else {
                for (Cell kv : result.rawCells()) {
                    System.out.println(
                            "列:"+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(kv))+":"+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(kv))
                            +"	 值:"+Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(kv)));
                }
    
            }
        }
    
        //KeyValue形式查询所有的数据
        @Test
        public void getAllData() throws Exception {
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
            Table table = connection.getTable(tname);
    
            Scan scan = new Scan();
            ResultScanner rs = table.getScanner(scan);
            for (Result r : rs) {
                for (KeyValue kv : r.raw()) {
                    System.out.println(Bytes.toString(kv.getKey())
                            + Bytes.toString(kv.getValue()));
                }
            }
        }
    
        // 删除一行Hbase表中记录信息的
        @Test
        public void deleteRecord() throws IOException {
            tname = TableName.valueOf("MyNamespace:students");
            Table table = connection.getTable(tname);
            Delete de = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes("leilei9997"));
            try {
                table.delete(de);
                System.out.println("删除记录成功!!!");
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("删除记录异常!!!");
    
            }
        }
    
        @After
        public void destory() throws IOException {
            admin.close();
            connection.close();
        }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xavier-xd/p/10412835.html
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