卷积层通道剪裁
Pruner
classpaddleslim.prune.Pruner(criterion="l1_norm")
对卷积网络的通道进行一次剪裁。剪裁一个卷积层的通道,是指剪裁该卷积层输出的通道。卷积层的权重形状为 [output_channel, input_channel, kernel_size, kernel_size] ,通过剪裁该权重的第一纬度达到剪裁输出通道数的目的。
参数:
- criterion - 评估一个卷积层内通道重要性所参考的指标。目前仅支持 l1_norm 。默认为 l1_norm 。
返回: 一个Pruner类的实例
示例代码:
from paddleslim.prune import Pruner
pruner = Pruner()
paddleslim.prune.Pruner.prune(program, scope, params, ratios, place=None, lazy=False, only_graph=False, param_backup=False, param_shape_backup=False)
对目标网络的一组卷积层的权重进行裁剪。
参数:
- program(paddle.fluid.Program) - 要裁剪的目标网络。更多关于Program的介绍请参考:Program概念介绍。
- scope(paddle.fluid.Scope) - 要裁剪的权重所在的 scope ,Paddle中用 scope 实例存放模型参数和运行时变量的值。Scope中的参数值会被 inplace 的裁剪。
- params(list<str>) - 需要被裁剪的卷积层的参数的名称列表。可以通过以下方式查看模型中所有参数的名称:
for block in program.blocks:
for param in block.all_parameters():
print("param: {}; shape: {}".format(param.name, param.shape))
- ratios(list<float>) - 用于裁剪 params 的剪切率,类型为列表。该列表长度必须与 params 的长度一致。
- place(paddle.fluid.Place) - 待裁剪参数所在的设备位置,可以是 CUDAPlace 或 CPUPlace 。[Place概念介绍]()
- lazy(bool) - lazy 为True时,通过将指定通道的参数置零达到裁剪的目的,参数的 shape保持不变 ; lazy 为False时,直接将要裁的通道的参数删除,参数的 shape 会发生变化。
- only_graph(bool) - 是否只裁剪网络结构。在Paddle中,Program定义了网络结构,Scope存储参数的数值。一个Scope实例可以被多个Program使用,比如定义了训练网络的Program和定义了测试网络的Program是使用同一个Scope实例的。 only_graph 为True时,只对Program中定义的卷积的通道进行剪裁; only_graph 为false时,Scope中卷积参数的数值也会被剪裁。默认为False。
- param_backup(bool) - 是否返回对参数值的备份。默认为False。
- param_shape_backup(bool) - 是否返回对参数 shape 的备份。默认为False。
返回:
- pruned_program(paddle.fluid.Program) - 被裁剪后的Program。
- param_backup(dict) - 对参数数值的备份,用于恢复Scope中的参数数值。
- param_shape_backup(dict) - 对参数形状的备份。
示例:
执行以下示例代码。
import paddle.fluid as fluid
from paddle.fluid.param_attr import ParamAttr
from paddleslim.prune import Pruner
def conv_bn_layer(input,
num_filters,
filter_size,
name,
stride=1,
groups=1,
act=None):
conv = fluid.layers.conv2d(
input=input,
num_filters=num_filters,
filter_size=filter_size,
stride=stride,
padding=(filter_size - 1) // 2,
groups=groups,
act=None,
param_attr=ParamAttr(name=name + "_weights"),
bias_attr=False,
name=name + "_out")
bn_name = name + "_bn"
return fluid.layers.batch_norm(
input=conv,
act=act,
name=bn_name + '_output',
param_attr=ParamAttr(name=bn_name + '_scale'),
bias_attr=ParamAttr(bn_name + '_offset'),
moving_mean_name=bn_name + '_mean',
moving_variance_name=bn_name + '_variance', )
main_program = fluid.Program()
startup_program = fluid.Program()
# X X O X O
# conv1-->conv2-->sum1-->conv3-->conv4-->sum2-->conv5-->conv6
# | ^ | ^
# |____________| |____________________|
#
# X: prune output channels
# O: prune input channels
with fluid.program_guard(main_program, startup_program):
input = fluid.data(name="image", shape=[None, 3, 16, 16])
conv1 = conv_bn_layer(input, 8, 3, "conv1")
conv2 = conv_bn_layer(conv1, 8, 3, "conv2")
sum1 = conv1 + conv2
conv3 = conv_bn_layer(sum1, 8, 3, "conv3")
conv4 = conv_bn_layer(conv3, 8, 3, "conv4")
sum2 = conv4 + sum1
conv5 = conv_bn_layer(sum2, 8, 3, "conv5")
conv6 = conv_bn_layer(conv5, 8, 3, "conv6")
place = fluid.CPUPlace()
exe = fluid.Executor(place)
scope = fluid.Scope()
exe.run(startup_program, scope=scope)
pruner = Pruner()
main_program, _, _ = pruner.prune(
main_program,
scope,
params=["conv4_weights"],
ratios=[0.5],
place=place,
lazy=False,
only_graph=False,
param_backup=False,
param_shape_backup=False)
for param in main_program.global_block().all_parameters():
if "weights" in param.name:
print("param name: {}; param shape: {}".format(param.name, param.shape))
sensitivity
paddleslim.prune.sensitivity(program, place, param_names, eval_func, sensitivities_file=None, pruned_ratios=None)
计算网络中每个卷积层的敏感度。每个卷积层的敏感度信息统计方法为:依次剪掉当前卷积层不同比例的输出通道数,在测试集上计算剪裁后的精度损失。得到敏感度信息后,可以通过观察或其它方式确定每层卷积的剪裁率。
参数:
- program(paddle.fluid.Program) - 待评估的目标网络。更多关于Program的介绍请参考:Program概念介绍。
- place(paddle.fluid.Place) - 待分析的参数所在的设备位置,可以是 CUDAPlace 或 CPUPlace 。[Place概念介绍]()
- param_names(list<str>) - 待分析的卷积层的参数的名称列表。可以通过以下方式查看模型中所有参数的名称:
- eval_func(function) - 用于评估裁剪后模型效果的回调函数。该回调函数接受被裁剪后的 program 为参数,返回一个表示当前program的精度,用以计算当前裁剪带来的精度损失。
- sensitivities_file(str) - 保存敏感度信息的本地文件系统的文件。在敏感度计算过程中,会持续将新计算出的敏感度信息追加到该文件中。重启任务后,文件中已有敏感度信息不会被重复计算。该文件可以用 pickle 加载。
- pruned_ratios(list<float>) - 计算卷积层敏感度信息时,依次剪掉的通道数比例。默认为 [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9] 。
返回:
- sensitivities(dict) - 存放敏感度信息的dict,其格式为:
{"weight_0":
{0.1: 0.22,
0.2: 0.33
},
"weight_1":
{0.1: 0.21,
0.2: 0.4
}
}
其中, weight_0 是卷积层参数的名称, sensitivities['weight_0'] 的 value 为剪裁比例, value 为精度损失的比例。
示例:
点击 AIStudio 运行以下示例代码。
import paddle
import numpy as np
import paddle.fluid as fluid
from paddle.fluid.param_attr import ParamAttr
from paddleslim.prune import sensitivity
import paddle.dataset.mnist as reader
def conv_bn_layer(input,
num_filters,
filter_size,
name,
stride=1,
groups=1,
act=None):
conv = fluid.layers.conv2d(
input=input,
num_filters=num_filters,
filter_size=filter_size,
stride=stride,
padding=(filter_size - 1) // 2,
groups=groups,
act=None,
param_attr=ParamAttr(name=name + "_weights"),
bias_attr=False,
name=name + "_out")
bn_name = name + "_bn"
return fluid.layers.batch_norm(
input=conv,
act=act,
name=bn_name + '_output',
param_attr=ParamAttr(name=bn_name + '_scale'),
bias_attr=ParamAttr(bn_name + '_offset'),
moving_mean_name=bn_name + '_mean',
moving_variance_name=bn_name + '_variance', )
main_program = fluid.Program()
startup_program = fluid.Program()
# X X O X O
# conv1-->conv2-->sum1-->conv3-->conv4-->sum2-->conv5-->conv6
# | ^ | ^
# |____________| |____________________|
#
# X: prune output channels
# O: prune input channels
image_shape = [1,28,28]
with fluid.program_guard(main_program, startup_program):
image = fluid.data(name='image', shape=[None]+image_shape, dtype='float32')
label = fluid.data(name='label', shape=[None, 1], dtype='int64')
conv1 = conv_bn_layer(image, 8, 3, "conv1")
conv2 = conv_bn_layer(conv1, 8, 3, "conv2")
sum1 = conv1 + conv2
conv3 = conv_bn_layer(sum1, 8, 3, "conv3")
conv4 = conv_bn_layer(conv3, 8, 3, "conv4")
sum2 = conv4 + sum1
conv5 = conv_bn_layer(sum2, 8, 3, "conv5")
conv6 = conv_bn_layer(conv5, 8, 3, "conv6")
out = fluid.layers.fc(conv6, size=10, act="softmax")
# cost = fluid.layers.cross_entropy(input=out, label=label)
# avg_cost = fluid.layers.mean(x=cost)
acc_top1 = fluid.layers.accuracy(input=out, label=label, k=1)
# acc_top5 = fluid.layers.accuracy(input=out, label=label, k=5)
place = fluid.CPUPlace()
exe = fluid.Executor(place)
exe.run(startup_program)
val_reader = paddle.batch(reader.test(), batch_size=128)
val_feeder = feeder = fluid.DataFeeder(
[image, label], place, program=main_program)
def eval_func(program):
acc_top1_ns = []
for data in val_reader():
acc_top1_n = exe.run(program,
feed=val_feeder.feed(data),
fetch_list=[acc_top1.name])
acc_top1_ns.append(np.mean(acc_top1_n))
return np.mean(acc_top1_ns)
param_names = []
for param in main_program.global_block().all_parameters():
if "weights" in param.name:
param_names.append(param.name)
sensitivities = sensitivity(main_program,
place,
param_names,
eval_func,
sensitivities_file="./sensitive.data",
pruned_ratios=[0.1, 0.2, 0.3])
print(sensitivities)
merge_sensitive
paddleslim.prune.merge_sensitive(sensitivities)
合并多个敏感度信息。
参数:
- sensitivities(list<dict> | list<str>) - 待合并的敏感度信息,可以是字典的列表,或者是存放敏感度信息的文件的路径列表。
返回:
- sensitivities(dict) - 合并后的敏感度信息。其格式为:
{"weight_0":
{0.1: 0.22,
0.2: 0.33
},
"weight_1":
{0.1: 0.21,
0.2: 0.4
}
}
其中, weight_0 是卷积层参数的名称, sensitivities['weight_0'] 的 value 为剪裁比例, value 为精度损失的比例。
示例:
from paddleslim.prune import merge_sensitive
sen0 = {"weight_0":
{0.1: 0.22,
0.2: 0.33
},
"weight_1":
{0.1: 0.21,
0.2: 0.4
}
}
sen1 = {"weight_0":
{0.3: 0.41,
},
"weight_2":
{0.1: 0.10,
0.2: 0.35
}
}
sensitivities = merge_sensitive([sen0, sen1])
print(sensitivities)
load_sensitivities
paddleslim.prune.load_sensitivities(sensitivities_file)
从文件中加载敏感度信息。
参数:
- sensitivities_file(str) - 存放敏感度信息的本地文件.
返回:
- sensitivities(dict) - 敏感度信息。
示例:
import pickle
from paddleslim.prune import load_sensitivities
sen = {"weight_0":
{0.1: 0.22,
0.2: 0.33
},
"weight_1":
{0.1: 0.21,
0.2: 0.4
}
}
sensitivities_file = "sensitive_api_demo.data"
with open(sensitivities_file, 'wb') as f:
pickle.dump(sen, f)
sensitivities = load_sensitivities(sensitivities_file)
print(sensitivities)
get_ratios_by_loss
paddleslim.prune.get_ratios_by_loss(sensitivities, loss)
根据敏感度和精度损失阈值计算出一组剪切率。对于参数 w , 其剪裁率为使精度损失低于 loss 的最大剪裁率。
参数:
- sensitivities(dict) - 敏感度信息。
- loss - 精度损失阈值。
返回:
- ratios(dict) - 一组剪切率。 key 是待剪裁参数的名称。 value 是对应参数的剪裁率。
示例:
from paddleslim.prune import get_ratios_by_loss
sen = {"weight_0":
{0.1: 0.22,
0.2: 0.33
},
"weight_1":
{0.1: 0.21,
0.2: 0.4
}
}
ratios = get_ratios_by_loss(sen, 0.3)
print(ratios)