• 一步步剖析spring bean生命周期


     关于spring bean的生命周期,是深入学习spring的基础,也是难点,本篇文章将采用代码+图文结论的方式来阐述spring bean的生命周期,

    本篇文章将阐述清楚下图。

     一  项目结构及源码

    1.程序目录结构

     2.applicationContext.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
        <bean class="com.demo.dao.UserDao" id="userDao" scope="singleton" init-method="myInit" destroy-method="myDestroy">
            <property name="userName" value="Alan_beijing"/>
        </bean>
    
        <bean class="com.demo.dao.MyBeanPostProcessor" id="myBeanPostProcessor"/>
    
    </beans>

    3.UserDao.java

    package com.demo.dao;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.*;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    
    public class UserDao implements BeanNameAware, BeanFactoryAware, ApplicationContextAware, InitializingBean,
            DisposableBean{
    
        private String userName;
        private int count = 0;
    
        public String getUserName() {
            return userName;
        }
    
        //2.属性注入,注入属性为userName
        public void setUserName(String userName) {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":注入属性userName="+userName);
            this.userName = userName;
        }
    
        //1.无参构造函数,实例化时调用该构造函数
        public UserDao() {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":调用构造函数UserDao()");
        }
    
        //3.实现BeanNameAware,获取bean id
        public void setBeanName(String s) {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":调用setBeanName()获取bean id,bean id=" + s);
        }
    
        //4.实现BeanFactoryAware,获取bean工厂
        public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":调用setBeanFactory()获取bean工厂,beanFactory=" + beanFactory);
        }
    
        //5.实现ApplicationContextAware,获取bean上下文
        public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":调用setApplicationContext()获取bean上下文,applicationContext=" + applicationContext);
        }
    
        //6.实现InitializingBean,获取afterPropertiesSet
        public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":调用afterPropertiesSet()");
        }
    
        //7.自定义初始化方法myInit()
        public void myInit() {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":调用自定义myInit()");
        }
    
        //8.实现DisposableBean,获取destroy()
        public void destroy() throws Exception {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":destroy()");
        }
    
        //9.自定义销毁方法myDestroy()
        public void myDestroy() {
            count++;
            System.out.println(count + ":调用自定义destroy()");
        }
    }
    4.MyBeanPostProcessor.java
    package com.demo.dao;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
    
    public  class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
        public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
            System.out.println("=====调用postProcessBeforeInitialization()=====");
            return bean;
        }
    
        public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
            System.out.println("=====调用postProcessAfterInitialization()=====");
            return bean;
        }
    }

     二  测试代码及测试结果

    1.test.java

    package com.demo.test;
    
    import com.demo.dao.UserDao;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    public class MyTest {
    
        @Test
        public void test() {
            //定义容器并初始化
            //ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            applicationContext.getBean(UserDao.class);
            //只有关闭容器时,才会调用destroy方法
            applicationContext.registerShutdownHook();
        }
    }

    2.测试结果

     三 分析

    通过如上测试结果,bean生命周期流程大致如下:

     1.装配bean

    bean装配为bean生命周期第一环节。所谓装配bean,指将java对象转换为bean的过程。在该示例中,UserDao.jave和MyBeanPostProcessor通过xml方式转化为bean。

    注意:spring框架支持四种方式装配bean:xml方式,java代码方式,自动装配和混合装配方式

    2.加载applicationContext.xml并实例化

    加载并实例化bean为bean生命周期的第二环节。本文示例通过ClassPathXmlApplicationContext()来加载并,当bean为singleton时,该过程就实例化对象,而不需要等待

    调用applicationContext.getBean()获取bean时才实例化对象,这与prototype是不一样的。

    3.属性注入

    bean属性注入为bean生命周期第三环节,采用反射方式注入bean.

    4.实现BeanNameAware,获取bean id

    该过程为bean生命周期的第四环节,实现该接口,可以获取bean的id

     

    5.实现BeanFactoryAware,获取bean 工厂

    该过程为bean生命周期第五环节,通过实现BeanFactoryAware获取bean工厂

     6.实现ApplicationContextAware,获取运用上下文

    该过程为bean生命周期第六环节,通过实现ApplicationContextAware接口,获取bean上下文

     7.调用Bean后置处理器,before

    该过程为bean生命周期第七环节,通过实现后置处理器BeanPostProcessor获取before和after,该过程是通过AOP方式实现的,在before和after之间,发生如下8,9过程。

    8.实现InitializingBean的afterPropertiesSet(),获取初始化方法

    该过程为bean生命周期第八环节,通过实现InitializingBean,获取afterPropertiesSet()

     9.调用自定义初始化方法,init-method

    该过程为bean生命周期第九环节,实现自定义初始化方法

     10.调用Bean后置处理器after

    该过程为bean生命周期第十环节,后置处理器最后环节

     11.关闭容器AbstractApplicationContext.registerShutDownHook()

    该环节为bean生命周期第十一环节,关闭容器

     

     12.调用DisposableBean的destroy()

    该过程为bean生命周期第十二环节,实现DisposableBean接口,调用destroy()

     13.调用定制化销毁方法destroy-method

    该过程为bean生命周期最后环节,调用自定义销毁方法destroy-method

     三  版权区

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangjiming/p/11669091.html
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