实例整体框架：
使用VMware搭建 5台Centos7虚拟机（包括客户端），系统版本：CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511。实例所安装的nginx版本：1.12.2，mariadb-server版本：5.5.56，php-fpm版本：5.4.16，PHPMyAdmin版本：4.0.10.20。此实例所有虚拟机均已关闭防火墙并设置selinux为Permissive（systemctl stop firewalld.service，setenforce 0）。
搭建web server：
1、安装php-fpm和mariadb-server并创建web资源存放目录：
[root@webserver Desktop]# yum install -y php php-fpm php-mbstring mariadb-server php-mysql [root@webserver Desktop]# mkdir /data/html
2、配置php-fpm：
#配置php-fpm [root@webserver Desktop]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf listen = 0.0.0.0:9000 listen.allowed_clients = 10.10.0.11,10.10.0.12 pm.status_path = /status ping.path = /ping ping.response = pong php_value[session.save_handler] = files php_value[session.save_path] = /var/lib/php/session #设置会话session文件属主属组 [root@webserver Desktop]# chown apache:apache /var/lib/php/session [root@webserver Desktop]# ll -d /var/lib/php/session drwxrwx---. 2 apache apache 4096 Aug 20 15:50 /var/lib/php/session/ [root@webserver Desktop]# systemctl start php-fpm.service [root@webserver Desktop]# ss -tan State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:9000 *:* LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:631 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 128 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
3、创建index.php页面并并下载PHPMyAdmin和WordPress：
[root@webserver Desktop]# cd /data/html
[root@webserver html]# vim index.php
<h1> 10.10.0.13 server</h1>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@webserver html]# wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@webserver html]# wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.0.10.20/phpMyAdmin-4.0.10.20-all-languages.tar.gz
[root@webserver html]# tar xf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@webserver html]# tar xf phpMyAdmin-4.0.10.20-all-languages.tar.gz
[root@webserver html]# ln -sv phpMyAdmin-4.0.10.20-all-languages phpmyadmin
#配置wordpress所用数据库
[root@webserver html]# cp /data/html/wordpress/wp-config-sample.php /data/html/wordpress/wp-config.php
[root@webserver html]# vim /data/html/wordpress/wp-config.php
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
define('DB_USER', 'wpuser');
define('DB_PASSWORD', '12345678');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
4、配置mariadb：
[root@webserver html]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip_name_resolve=ON
innodb_file_per_table=ON
root@webserver html]# systemctl start mariadb.service
#设置mariadb的安全权限
root@webserver html]# mysql_secure_installation
...
#创建wordpress数据库并授权wpuser操作权限，跟wordpress配置文件保持一致
root@webserver html]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> create database wordpress;
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on wordpress to 'wpuser'@'%' identified by '12345678';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit;
搭建nginx1：
1、安装Nginx并创建web资源存放目录
[root@nginx1 Desktop]# yum install -y nginx [root@nginx1 Desktop]# mkdir -pv /data/html
2、创建index.html默认页面并下载PHPMyAdmin和WordPress
[root@nginx1 Desktop]# cd /data/html
[root@nginx1 html]# vim index.html
<h1>this is 10.10.0.11 nginx</h1>
[root@nginx1 html]# wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@nginx1 html]# wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/4.0.10.20/phpMyAdmin-4.0.10.20-all-languages.tar.gz
[root@nginx1 html]# tar xf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@nginx1 html]# tar xf phpMyAdmin-4.0.10.20-all-languages.tar.gz
[root@nginx1 html]# ln -sv phpMyAdmin-4.0.10.20-all-languages phpmyadmin
#配置wordpress所用数据库
[root@nginx1 html]# cp /data/html/wordpress/wp-config-sample.php /data/html/wordpress/wp-config.php
[root@nginx1 html]# vim /data/html/wordpress/wp-config.php
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
define('DB_USER', 'wpuser');
define('DB_PASSWORD', '12345678');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
3、配置虚拟主机并启动nginx：
[root@nginx1 html]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#注释nginx默认的主机配置
...
server {
# listen 80 default_server;
# listen [::]:80 default_server;
...
[root@nginx1 html]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/vhost.conf #配置虚拟主机，页面动静分离
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.org;
index index.html;
location / {
root /data/html;
}
location ~* .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 10.10.0.13:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/html/$fastcgi_script_name;
}
location ~* ^/(status|ping)$ {
fastcgi_pass 10.10.0.13:9000;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
[root@nginx1 html]# systemctl start nginx.service
nginx2配置过程同nginx1.
搭建Nginx SLB：
安装nginx并进行负载均衡配置：
[root@SLB Desktop]# yum -y install nginx
[root@SLB Desktop]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx
#在http字段进行以下配置
http {
...
#定义集群
upstream webservers {
server 10.10.0.11:80 max_fails=3;
server 10.10.0.12:80 max_fails=3;
server 127.0.0.1:80 backup;
}
server {
listen 80;
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
proxy_pass http://webservers; #反代给集群服务器
proxy_set_header host $http_host; #设置代理请求报文的host字段为$http_host
proxy_set_header X-Forward-For $remote_addr; #为代理请求报文添加X-Forward-For字段以传递真实ip地址$remote_addr
}
...
}
}
[root@SLB Desktop]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/localhost.conf #配置nginx本地服务
server{
listen 127.0.0.1:80;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html;
}
[root@SLB Desktop]# systemctl start nginx.service
客户端进行访问：
1、修改hosts：
[root@client Desktop]# vim /etc/hosts
...
172.16.0.11 www.test.org
2、访问：
3、没配置缓存时进行压力测试：
[root@client Desktop]# ab -c 100 -n 100000 http://www.test.org/wordpress This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.test.org (be patient) Completed 10000 requests Completed 20000 requests Completed 30000 requests Completed 40000 requests Completed 50000 requests Completed 60000 requests Completed 70000 requests Completed 80000 requests Completed 90000 requests Completed 100000 requests Finished 100000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.12.2 Server Hostname: www.test.org Server Port: 80 Document Path: /wordpress Document Length: 185 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 58.734 seconds Complete requests: 100000 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Non-2xx responses: 100000 Total transferred: 41700001 bytes HTML transferred: 18500000 bytes Requests per second: 1702.59 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 58.734 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.587 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 693.34 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 2 8.4 0 295 Processing: 2 57 124.9 31 2962 Waiting: 2 56 124.8 31 2962 Total: 7 58 125.3 33 2962 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 33 66% 51 75% 66 80% 77 90% 111 95% 157 98% 273 99% 375 100% 2962 (longest request)
4、在SLB服务器进行缓存配置：
#创建缓存存放目录
[root@SLB Desktop]# mkdir -p /data/nginx/cache
[root@SLB Desktop]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#在http字段进行配置
http {
...
proxy_cache_path /data/nginx/cache levels=1:1 keys_zone=nginxcache:50m max_size=1g;
...
server {
...
proxy_cache nginxcache;
proxy_cache_key $request_uri;
proxy_cache_valid 200 301 302 1h;
proxy_cache_methods GET HEAD;
proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
add_header X-cache '$upstream_cache_status from $host';
proxy_cache_use_stale http_502;
...
}
[root@SLB Desktop]# systemctl restart nginx.service
5、再次进行压力测试：
[root@client Desktop]# ab -c 100 -n 100000 http://www.test.org/wordpress This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.test.org (be patient) Completed 10000 requests Completed 20000 requests Completed 30000 requests Completed 40000 requests Completed 50000 requests Completed 60000 requests Completed 70000 requests Completed 80000 requests Completed 90000 requests Completed 100000 requests Finished 100000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.12.2 Server Hostname: www.test.org Server Port: 80 Document Path: /wordpress Document Length: 185 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 14.391 seconds Complete requests: 100000 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Non-2xx responses: 100000 Total transferred: 41700000 bytes HTML transferred: 18500000 bytes Requests per second: 6948.98 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 14.391 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.144 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 2829.81 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 1 1.9 0 48 Processing: 2 14 3.9 13 58 Waiting: 1 13 3.8 13 58 Total: 8 14 3.9 13 67 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 13 66% 14 75% 14 80% 14 90% 16 95% 24 98% 27 99% 29 100% 67 (longest request)