linux安装mysql

安装系统所需要的依赖包

[root@namenode ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel* cmake  bison

创建mysql用户与用户组

[root@namenode ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@namenode ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

安装mysql

[root@namenode ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.25.tar.gz

[root@namenode ~]# cd mysql-5.5.25

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql/ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/mysql/data/mysqld.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_DEBUG=0

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# make && make install

赋予相关权限

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# /opt/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql  --datadir=/opt/mysql/data

mysql配置文件

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# cp /opt/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf    -----有的是

这个文件路径--- cp /opt/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf     可是没有找打这个文件

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# cp /opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

增加自动启动

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# chkconfig mysql on

启动mysql

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# /etc/init.d/mysql start

Starting MySQL......                                      [ OK ]

查看mysql 的3306端口，看到下面说明启动成功

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]#ps aux | grep 3306

mysql   17237 3.6 8.4 615660 86264 pts/2   Sl  22:10  0:01 /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/opt/mysql/data/namenode.err --pid-file=/opt/mysql/data/namenode.pid --socket=/opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock --port=3306

root    17798 0.0 0.0 61228  784 pts/2   S+  22:10  0:00 grep 3306

设置mysql初始密码，123456是密码，你可以设置自己需要的密码

 

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'Ovk!@#123'

 

[root@namenode mysql-5.5.25]# /opt/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.5.25-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

以上说明成功了

mysql>

 

 

开启mysql远程权限

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';

grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'Ovk!@#123';  

 

 LINUX：

编辑/etc/my.cnf文件,在[mysqld]节下 添加 lower_case_table_names=1 参数，并设置相应的值 (备注：为0时大小写敏感，为1时大小写不敏感，默认为0)。”（引用网上文章中的句子）。

 

 开启Linux系统3306端口

二、配置防火墙，开启3306端口

vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables #编辑

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT #允许3306端口

特别提示：如果这两条规则添加到防火墙配置的最后一行，导致防火墙启动失败，正确的应该是添加到默认的22端口这条规则的下面，添加好之后防火墙规则如下所示：

#########################################################

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-securitylevel

# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.

*filter

:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]

:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]

-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT

-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 50 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p 51 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp --dport 5353 -d 224.0.0.251 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 631 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT

#########################################################

 

/etc/init.d/iptables restart #最后重启防火墙使配置生效

 

 

Centos7开放端口

 

Centos升级到7之后，发现无法使用iptables控制Linuxs的端口，google之后发现Centos 7使用firewalld代替了原来的iptables。下面记录如何使用firewalld开放Linux端口：

开启端口
+firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent

命令含义：

--zone #作用域
--add-port=80/tcp #添加端口，格式为：端口/通讯协议
--permanent #永久生效，没有此参数重启后失效
重启防火墙
firewall-cmd --reload
详细信息可以参考以下资料：
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24729024/centos-7-open-firewall-port

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/7/html/Security_Guide/sec-Using_Firewalls.html