java实现excel和数据的交互

1. 环境要求

本文环境为: 数据库为oracle,jdk为jdk7,依赖jar包为ojdbc6-11.2.0.4.0.jar+poi-3.14.jar

2.POI 使用

1. 建立工作空间
2. 获取sheet
3. 使用row
4. 使用cell

3. 代码部分一

3.1 使用方法导出,代码如下

private static void test1() {
		Connection con=null;
		PreparedStatement preStatement=null;
		ResultSet result=null;
		try{
			 /**
			  * 数据库连接
			  */
			 Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
			 System.out.println("开始尝试连接数据库！");
			 String url = "jdbc:oracle:" + "thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:localOracle";
			 String user = "hsm";
			 String password = "1994713";
			 con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
			 System.out.println("连接成功！开始查询数据");
			 /**
			  * 执行sql语句,将结果保存在result中
			  */
			 String sql = "select dict_type,dict_value,dict_desc from frp_dict ";
			 preStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
			 result = preStatement.executeQuery();
			 /**
			  * 创建excel头
			  */
			 List<String> headers=new ArrayList<String>();
			 headers.add("dict_type");
			 headers.add("dict_value");
			 headers.add("dict_desc");
			 
			 //创建新工作簿
		     HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
		     //新建工作表
		     HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("frp_dict");
		     //创建行,行号作为参数传递给createRow()方法,第一行从0开始计算
		     HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
		     for(int i=0;i<headers.size();i++){
		    	 HSSFCell cell=row.createCell(i);
		    	 cell.setCellValue(headers.get(i));
		     }
		     int rowTemp=1;
			 while(result.next()){
				 row = sheet.createRow(rowTemp);
				 for(int i=0;i<headers.size();i++){
			    	 HSSFCell cell=row.createCell(i);
			    	 cell.setCellValue(result.getString(headers.get(i)));
			     }
			     rowTemp++;
			 }
			 FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\Users\hsm\Desktop\exportTest.xls"));
			 workbook.write(fos);
		     workbook.close();
		     fos.close();
		}catch (Exception e){
	        e.printStackTrace();
	    }finally{
	        try{
	            // 逐一将上面的几个对象关闭，因为不关闭的话会影响性能、并且占用资源
	            // 注意关闭的顺序，最后使用的最先关闭
	            if (result != null)
	                result.close();
	            if (preStatement != null)
	            	preStatement.close();
	            if (con != null)
	                con.close();
	            System.out.println("数据库连接已关闭！");
	        }
	        catch (Exception e)
	        {
	            e.printStackTrace();
	        }
	    }
	}

3.2 导出结果展示

4 代码部分二

4.1 调用方法导入,方法如下

private static void test3(){
		Connection con=null;
		PreparedStatement preStatement=null;
		ResultSet result=null;
		try{
			 /**
			  * 数据库连接
			  */
			 Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
			 System.out.println("开始尝试连接数据库！");
			 String url = "jdbc:oracle:" + "thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:localOracle";
			 String user = "hsm";
			 String password = "1994713";
			 con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
			 System.out.println("连接成功！开始查询数据");
			 /**
			  * 执行sql语句,将结果保存在result中
			  */
			 String sql = "";
			 
			 FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("C:\Users\hsm\Desktop\exportTest2.xls"));
			 //创建新工作簿
		     HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);
		     //获取第一个sheet
		     HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
		     HSSFRow row=sheet.getRow(0);
		     StringBuffer columns=new StringBuffer(row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue());
		     StringBuffer param=new StringBuffer("?");
		     for(int i=1;i<row.getLastCellNum();i++){
		    	 columns.append(",").append(row.getCell(i).getStringCellValue());
		    	 param.append(",").append("?");
		     }
		     System.out.println(columns.toString());
		     sql="insert into frp_dict_test ("+columns+") values ("+param+")";
		     preStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
		     
		     for(int i=1;i<sheet.getLastRowNum();i++){
		    	 row=sheet.getRow(i);
		    	 for(int j=0;j<row.getLastCellNum();j++){
		    		 preStatement.setString(j+1, row.getCell(j).getStringCellValue());
			     }
		    	 preStatement.addBatch();;
		    	 if(i%100==0){
		    		 preStatement.executeBatch();
		    	 }
		     }
		     preStatement.executeBatch();
		     con.commit();
		     fis.close();
		     workbook.close();
		}catch (Exception e){
	        e.printStackTrace();
	    }finally{
	        try{
	            // 逐一将上面的几个对象关闭，因为不关闭的话会影响性能、并且占用资源
	            // 注意关闭的顺序，最后使用的最先关闭
	            if (result != null)
	                result.close();
	            if (preStatement != null)
	            	preStatement.close();
	            if (con != null)
	                con.close();
	            System.out.println("数据库连接已关闭！");
	        }
	        catch (Exception e)
	        {
	            e.printStackTrace();
	        }
	    }
	}

4.2 导入结果显示

5.代码优化,形成工具类

5.1源代码

package com.hsm.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

/**
 * @author hsm
 * excel相关的操作
 */
public class ExcelUtil {
	private String driverType=null;
	private String url=null;
	private String userName=null;
	private String password=null;
	private ExcelUtil(){
		
	}
	/**
	 * 获取excel的实例
	 * @param driverType数据库类型
	 * @param url		数据库地址
	 * @param userName	用户名
	 * @param password	密码
	 * @return			当前实例
	 */
	public static ExcelUtil getInstance(String driverType,String url,String userName,String password){
		ExcelUtil excelUtil=new ExcelUtil();
		excelUtil.driverType=driverType;
		excelUtil.url=url;
		excelUtil.userName=userName;
		excelUtil.password=password;
		return excelUtil;
	}
	/**
	 * 下载excel<br/>
	 * 从数据库中导出相应表相关的字段的excel表格
	 * @param param		表格头部内容
	 * @param tableName	表名
	 * @param file		文件位置及文件名
	 */
	public void downloadSqlPara(List<String> param,String tableName,String file){
		Connection con=null;
		PreparedStatement preStatement=null;
		ResultSet result=null;
		try{
			 /**
			  * 数据库连接
			  */
			 Class.forName(this.driverType);
			 System.out.println("================开始尝试连接数据库！===================");
			 String url = this.url;
			 String user = this.userName;
			 String password = this.password;
			 con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
			 System.out.println("=================连接成功！开始查询数据================");
			 /**
			  * 执行sql语句,将结果保存在result中
			  */
			 StringBuffer buffer=new StringBuffer(param.get(0));
			 for(int i=1;i<param.size();i++){
				 buffer.append(",").append(param.get(i));
			 }
			 String sql = "select "+buffer+" from "+tableName;
			 preStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
			 result = preStatement.executeQuery();
			 /**
			  * 创建excel工作区
			  */
		     HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
		     HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(tableName);
		     HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
		     for(int i=0;i<param.size();i++){
		    	 HSSFCell cell=row.createCell(i);
		    	 cell.setCellValue(param.get(i));
		     }
		     int rowTemp=1;
		     System.out.println("================开始写入文件！===================");
			 while(result.next()){
				 row = sheet.createRow(rowTemp);
				 for(int i=0;i<param.size();i++){
			    	 HSSFCell cell=row.createCell(i);
			    	 cell.setCellValue(result.getString(param.get(i)));
			     }
			     rowTemp++;
			 }
			 System.out.println("================文件写入结束！===================");
			 FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(file));
			 workbook.write(fos);
		     workbook.close();
		     fos.close();
		}catch (Exception e){
	        e.printStackTrace();
	    }finally{
	        try{
	            // 逐一将上面的几个对象关闭，因为不关闭的话会影响性能、并且占用资源
	            // 注意关闭的顺序，最后使用的最先关闭
	            if (result != null)
	                result.close();
	            if (preStatement != null)
	            	preStatement.close();
	            if (con != null)
	                con.close();
	            System.out.println("数据库连接已关闭！");
	        }
	        catch (Exception e)
	        {
	            e.printStackTrace();
	        }
	    }
	}
	/**
	 * 导入excel表格内容
	 * @param headers
	 * @param tableName
	 * @param file
	 */
	public void importSqlExcel(List<String> headers,String tableName,String file){
		Connection con=null;
		PreparedStatement preStatement=null;
		ResultSet result=null;
		try{
			 /**
			  * 数据库连接
			  */
			 Class.forName(this.driverType);
			 System.out.println("开始尝试连接数据库！");
			 String url = this.url;
			 String user = this.userName;
			 String password = this.password;
			 con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
			 System.out.println("连接成功！开始查询数据");
			 /**
			  * 打开文件
			  */
			 FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File(file));
			 /**
			  * 创建excel工作区
			  */
			 //创建新工作簿
		     HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);
		     HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
		     HSSFRow row=sheet.getRow(0);
		     /**
		      * 获取excel传入的字段,并对sql进行初始化
		      */
		     StringBuffer columns=new StringBuffer(row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue());
		     StringBuffer param=new StringBuffer("?");
		     for(int i=1;i<row.getLastCellNum();i++){
		    	 columns.append(",").append(row.getCell(i).getStringCellValue());
		    	 param.append(",").append("?");
		     }
		     String sql = "";
		     sql="insert into "+tableName+" ("+columns+") values ("+param+")";
		     preStatement = con.prepareStatement(sql);
		     /**
		      * 遍历sheet中的内容,将内容批量插入数据库中
		      */
		     for(int i=1;i<sheet.getLastRowNum();i++){
		    	 row=sheet.getRow(i);
		    	 for(int j=0;j<row.getLastCellNum();j++){
		    		 preStatement.setString(j+1, row.getCell(j).getStringCellValue());
			     }
		    	 preStatement.addBatch();;
		    	 if(i%100==0){
		    		 preStatement.executeBatch();
		    	 }
		     }
		     preStatement.executeBatch();
		     con.commit();
		     fis.close();
		     workbook.close();
		}catch (Exception e){
	        e.printStackTrace();
	    }finally{
	        try{
	            // 逐一将上面的几个对象关闭，因为不关闭的话会影响性能、并且占用资源
	            // 注意关闭的顺序，最后使用的最先关闭
	            if (result != null)
	                result.close();
	            if (preStatement != null)
	            	preStatement.close();
	            if (con != null)
	                con.close();
	            System.out.println("数据库连接已关闭！");
	        }
	        catch (Exception e)
	        {
	            e.printStackTrace();
	        }
	    }
	}
}

5.2优化代码测试

package com.hsm.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import com.hsm.util.ExcelUtil;

public class TestMain {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		test4();
	}
	private static void test4(){
		/**
		 * 数据库相关内容
		 */
		String driverType="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";
		String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:localOracle";
		String userName="hsm";
		String password="1994713";
		ExcelUtil excelUtil=ExcelUtil.getInstance(driverType, url, userName, password);
		/**
		 * excel导入
		 */
		List<String>param=new ArrayList<String>();
		param.add("dict_type");
		param.add("dict_value");
		param.add("dict_desc");
		String file="C:\Users\hsm\Desktop\exportTest2.xls";
		excelUtil.importSqlExcel(param, "frp_dict_test", file);
	}
	private static void test2(){
		/**
		 * 数据库相关内容
		 */
		String driverType="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";
		String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:localOracle";
		String userName="hsm";
		String password="1994713";
		ExcelUtil excelUtil=ExcelUtil.getInstance(driverType, url, userName, password);
		/**
		 * excel下载
		 */
		List<String>param=new ArrayList<String>();
		param.add("dict_type");
		param.add("dict_value");
		param.add("dict_desc");
		String file="C:\Users\hsm\Desktop\exportTest2.xls";
		excelUtil.downloadSqlPara(param, "frp_dict", file);
	}
}