大话设计模式文摘

第一章 简单工厂模式

   /// <summary>
    /// 运算类
    /// </summary>
    public class Operation
    {
        private double _numberA = 0;
        private double _numberB = 0;

        /// <summary>
        /// 数字A
        /// </summary>
        public double NumberA
        {
            get
            {
                return _numberA;
            }
            set
            {
                _numberA = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 数字B
        /// </summary>
        public double NumberB
        {
            get
            {
                return _numberB;
            }
            set
            {
                _numberB = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 得到运算结果
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public virtual double GetResult()
        {
            double result = 0;
            return result;
        }
}

 /// <summary>
    /// 加法类
    /// </summary>
    class OperationAdd : Operation
    {
        public override double GetResult()
        {
            double result = 0;
            result = NumberA + NumberB;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 运算类工厂
    /// </summary>
public class OperationFactory
{
    public static Operation createOperate(string operate)
    {
        Operation oper = null;
        switch (operate)
        {
            case "+":
                {
                    oper = new OperationAdd();
                    break;
                }
            case "-":
                {
                    oper = new OperationSub();
                    break;
                }
            case "*":
                {
                    oper = new OperationMul();
                    break;
                }
            case "/":
                {
                    oper = new OperationDiv();
                    break;
                }
            case "sqr":
                {
                    oper = new OperationSqr();
                    break;
                }
            case "sqrt":
                {
                    oper = new OperationSqrt();
                    break;
                }
            case "+/-":
                {
                    oper = new OperationReverse();
                    break;
                }
        }

        return oper;
    }
}

第二章 策略模式

   abstract class CashSuper
    {
        public abstract double acceptCash(double money);
    }

    class CashRebate : CashSuper
    {
        private double moneyRebate = 1d;
        public CashRebate(string moneyRebate)
        {
            this.moneyRebate = double.Parse(moneyRebate);
        }

        public override double acceptCash(double money)
        {
            return money * moneyRebate;
        } 
    }

    //收费策略Context
class CashContext
{
    //声明一个现金收费父类对象
    private CashSuper cs;

    //设置策略行为，参数为具体的现金收费子类（正常，打折或返利）
    public CashContext(CashSuper csuper)
    {
        this.cs = csuper;
    }

    //得到现金促销计算结果（利用了多态机制，不同的策略行为导致不同的结果）
    public double GetResult(double money)
    {
        return cs.acceptCash(money);
    }
}

客户端:

  private void btnOk_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            CashContext cc = null;
            switch (cbxType.SelectedItem.ToString())
            {
                case "正常收费":
                    cc = new CashContext(new CashNormal());
                    break;
                case "满300返100":
                    cc = new CashContext(new CashReturn("300", "100"));
                    break;
                case "打8折":
                    cc = new CashContext(new CashRebate("0.8"));
                    break;
            }

            double totalPrices = 0d;
            totalPrices = cc.GetResult(Convert.ToDouble(txtPrice.Text) * Convert.ToDouble(txtNum.Text));
            total = total + totalPrices;
            lbxList.Items.Add("单价：" + txtPrice.Text + " 数量：" + txtNum.Text + " " + cbxType.SelectedItem + " 合计：" + totalPrices.ToString());
            lblResult.Text = total.ToString();
        }

策略和简单工厂结合:

    //现金收取工厂
class CashContext
{
    CashSuper cs = null;

    //根据条件返回相应的对象
    public CashContext(string type)
    {
        switch (type)
        {
            case "正常收费":
                CashNormal cs0 = new CashNormal();
                cs = cs0;
                break;
            case "满300返100":
                CashReturn cr1 = new CashReturn("300", "100");
                cs = cr1;
                break;
            case "打8折":
                CashRebate cr2 = new CashRebate("0.8");
                cs = cr2;
                break;
        }
    }

    public double GetResult(double money)
    {
        return cs.acceptCash(money);
    }
}

客户端代码:

   //客户端窗体程序（主要部分）
        double total = 0.0d;
        private void btnOk_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //利用简单工厂模式根据下拉选择框，生成相应的对象
            CashContext csuper = new CashContext(cbxType.SelectedItem.ToString());
            double totalPrices = 0d;
            //通过多态，可以得到收取费用的结果
            totalPrices = csuper.GetResult(Convert.ToDouble(txtPrice.Text) * Convert.ToDouble(txtNum.Text));
            total = total + totalPrices;
            lbxList.Items.Add("单价：" + txtPrice.Text + " 数量：" + txtNum.Text + " "
                + cbxType.SelectedItem + " 合计：" + totalPrices.ToString());
            lblResult.Text = total.ToString();
        }

通过反射实现:

    class CashContext
    {
        private CashSuper cs;

        public void setBehavior(CashSuper csuper)
        {
            this.cs = csuper;
        }

        public double GetResult(double money)
        {
            return cs.acceptCash(money);
        }
    }

xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<CashAcceptType>
    <type>
        <name>正常收费</name>
        <class>CashNormal</class>
        <para></para>
    </type>
    <type>
        <name>满300返100</name>
        <class>CashReturn</class>
        <para>300,100</para>
    </type>
    <type>
        <name>满200返50</name>
        <class>CashReturn</class>
        <para>200,50</para>
    </type>
    <type>
        <name>打8折</name>
        <class>CashRebate</class>
        <para>0.8</para>
    </type>
    <type>
        <name>打7折</name>
        <class>CashRebate</class>
        <para>0.7</para>
    </type>
</CashAcceptType>

客户端:

    private void btnOk_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            CashContext cc = new CashContext();
            //根据用户的选项，查询用户选择项的相关行
            DataRow dr = ((DataRow[])ds.Tables[0].Select("name='" + cbxType.SelectedItem.ToString()+"'"))[0];
            //声明一个参数的对象数组
            object[] args =null;
            //若有参数，则将其分割成字符串数组，用于实例化时所用的参数
            if (dr["para"].ToString() != "")
                args = dr["para"].ToString().Split(',');
            //通过反射实例化出相应的算法对象
            cc.setBehavior((CashSuper)Assembly.Load("商场管理软件").CreateInstance("商场管理软件." + dr["class"].ToString(), false, BindingFlags.Default, null, args, null, null));
            
            double totalPrices = 0d;
            totalPrices = cc.GetResult(Convert.ToDouble(txtPrice.Text) * Convert.ToDouble(txtNum.Text));
            total = total + totalPrices;
            lbxList.Items.Add("单价：" + txtPrice.Text + " 数量：" + txtNum.Text + " "+cbxType.SelectedItem+ " 合计：" + totalPrices.ToString());
            lblResult.Text = total.ToString();
        }

第三章 单一职责原则

就一个类而言，应该仅有一个引起它变化的原因

第四章 开放-封闭原则

软件实体应该可以扩展，但是不可修改

第五章 依赖倒置原则

高层模块不应该依赖于低层模块。两个都应该依赖于抽象

抽象不应该依赖细节。细节应该依赖抽象

里氏替换原则：子类必须能够替换掉它们的父类

第六章 装饰模式

 class Person
    {
        public Person()
        { }

        private string name;
        public Person(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public virtual void Show()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("装扮的{0}", name);
        }
    }

    class Finery : Person
    {
        protected Person component;

        //打扮
        public void Decorate(Person component)
        {
            this.component = component;
        }

        public override void Show()
        {
            if (component != null)
            {
                component.Show();
            }
        }
    }

    class TShirts : Finery
    {
        public override void Show()
        {
            Console.Write("大T恤 ");
            base.Show();
        }
    }

    class BigTrouser : Finery
    {
        public override void Show()
        {
            Console.Write("垮裤 ");
            base.Show();
        }
    }

    class Sneakers : Finery
    {
        public override void Show()
        {
            Console.Write("破球鞋 ");
            base.Show();
        }
    }

客户端:

 Person xc = new Person("小菜");

            Console.WriteLine("\n第一种装扮：");

            Sneakers pqx = new Sneakers();
            BigTrouser kk = new BigTrouser();
            TShirts dtx = new TShirts();

            pqx.Decorate(xc);
            kk.Decorate(pqx);
            dtx.Decorate(kk);
            dtx.Show();

第七章 代理模式

  class SchoolGirl
    {
        private string name;
        public string Name
        {
            get { return name; }
            set { name = value; }
        }
    }

   //送礼物
    interface GiveGift
    {
        void GiveDolls();
        void GiveFlowers();
        void GiveChocolate();
    }

    class Pursuit : GiveGift
    {
        SchoolGirl mm;
        public Pursuit(SchoolGirl mm)
        {
            this.mm = mm;
        }
        public void GiveDolls()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(mm.Name + " 送你洋娃娃");
        }

        public void GiveFlowers()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(mm.Name + " 送你鲜花");
        }

        public void GiveChocolate()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(mm.Name + " 送你巧克力");
        }
    }

    class Proxy : GiveGift
    {
        Pursuit gg;
        public Proxy(SchoolGirl mm)
        {
            gg = new Pursuit(mm);
        }


        public void GiveDolls()
        {
            gg.GiveDolls();
        }

        public void GiveFlowers()
        {
            gg.GiveFlowers();
        }

        public void GiveChocolate()
        {
            gg.GiveChocolate();
        }
    }

客户端:

  SchoolGirl jiaojiao = new SchoolGirl();
            jiaojiao.Name = "李娇娇";

            Proxy daili = new Proxy(jiaojiao);

            daili.GiveDolls();
            daili.GiveFlowers();
            daili.GiveChocolate();

第八章 工厂方法模式

/// <summary>
    /// 工厂方法
    /// </summary>
    interface IFactory
    {
        Operation CreateOperation();
    }

 /// <summary>
    /// 专门负责生产“+”的工厂
    /// </summary>
    class AddFactory : IFactory
    {
        public Operation CreateOperation()
        {
            return new OperationAdd();
        }
    }

客户端:

 IFactory operFactory = new AddFactory();
            Operation oper = operFactory.CreateOperation();
            oper.NumberA = 1;
            oper.NumberB = 2;
            double result=oper.GetResult();

第九章 原型模式

   class Resume : ICloneable
    {

        public Object Clone()
        {
            return (Object)this.MemberwiseClone();
        }

    }

  Resume b = (Resume)a.Clone();
            b.SetWorkExperience("1998-2006", "YY企业");

第十章 模版方法模式

第十一章 迪米特法则

最少知识原则

第十二章 外观模式

第十三章 建造者模式

第十四章 观察者模式

第十五章 抽象工厂模式

第十六章 状态模式

第十七章 适配器模式

第十八章 备忘录模式

    class GameRole
    {

        //状态显示
        public void StateDisplay()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("角色当前状态：");
            Console.WriteLine("体力：{0}", this.vit);
            Console.WriteLine("攻击力：{0}", this.atk);
            Console.WriteLine("防御力：{0}", this.def);
            Console.WriteLine("");
        }

        //保存角色状态
        public RoleStateMemento SaveState()
        {
            return (new RoleStateMemento(vit, atk, def));
        }

        //恢复角色状态
        public void RecoveryState(RoleStateMemento memento)
        {
            this.vit = memento.Vitality;
            this.atk = memento.Attack;
            this.def = memento.Defense;
        }


        //获得初始状态
        public void GetInitState()
        {
            this.vit = 100;
            this.atk = 100;
            this.def = 100;
        }

        //战斗
        public void Fight()
        {
            this.vit = 0;
            this.atk = 0;
            this.def = 0;
        }
    }

    //角色状态存储箱
    class RoleStateMemento
    {
        private int vit;
        private int atk;
        private int def;

        public RoleStateMemento(int vit, int atk, int def)
        {
            this.vit = vit;
            this.atk = atk;
            this.def = def;
        }
    }

    //角色状态管理者
    class RoleStateCaretaker
    {
        private RoleStateMemento memento;

        public RoleStateMemento Memento
        {
            get { return memento; }
            set { memento = value; }
        }
    }

客户端:

   //大战Boss前
            GameRole lixiaoyao = new GameRole();
            lixiaoyao.GetInitState();
            lixiaoyao.StateDisplay();

            //保存进度
            RoleStateCaretaker stateAdmin = new RoleStateCaretaker();
            stateAdmin.Memento = lixiaoyao.SaveState();

            //大战Boss时，损耗严重
            lixiaoyao.Fight();
            lixiaoyao.StateDisplay();

            //恢复之前状态
            lixiaoyao.RecoveryState(stateAdmin.Memento);

第十九章 组合模式

第二十章 迭代器模式

第二十一章 单例模式

第二十二章 桥接模式

//手机软件
    abstract class HandsetSoft
    {

        public abstract void Run();
    }

  //手机品牌
    abstract class HandsetBrand
    {
        protected HandsetSoft soft;

        //设置手机软件
        public void SetHandsetSoft(HandsetSoft soft)
        {
            this.soft = soft;
        }
        //运行
        public abstract void Run();
        

    }

第二十三章 命令模式

    //烤肉串者
    public class Barbecuer
    {
        public void BakeMutton()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("烤羊肉串!");
        }

        public void BakeChickenWing()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("烤鸡翅!");
        }
    }

 //抽象命令
    public abstract class Command
    {
        protected Barbecuer receiver;

        public Command(Barbecuer receiver)
        {
            this.receiver = receiver;
        }

        //执行命令
        abstract public void ExcuteCommand();
    }

    //烤羊肉串命令
    class BakeMuttonCommand : Command
    {
        public BakeMuttonCommand(Barbecuer receiver)
            : base(receiver)
        { }

        public override void ExcuteCommand()
        {
            receiver.BakeMutton();
        }
    }

    //烤鸡翅命令
    class BakeChickenWingCommand : Command
    {
        public BakeChickenWingCommand(Barbecuer receiver)
            : base(receiver)
        { }

        public override void ExcuteCommand()
        {
            receiver.BakeChickenWing();
        }
    }

  //服务员
    public class Waiter
    {
        private IList<Command> orders = new List<Command>();

        //设置订单
        public void SetOrder(Command command)
        {
            if (command.ToString() == "命令模式.BakeChickenWingCommand")
            {
                Console.WriteLine("服务员：鸡翅没有了，请点别的烧烤。");
            }
            else
            {
                orders.Add(command);
                Console.WriteLine("增加订单：" + command.ToString() + "  时间：" + DateTime.Now.ToString());
            }
        }

        //取消订单
        public void CancelOrder(Command command)
        {
            orders.Remove(command);
            Console.WriteLine("取消订单：" + command.ToString() + "  时间：" + DateTime.Now.ToString());
        }

        //通知全部执行
        public void Notify()
        {
            foreach (Command cmd in orders)
            {
                cmd.ExcuteCommand();
            }
        }
    }

客户端:

  //开店前的准备
            Barbecuer boy = new Barbecuer();
            Command bakeMuttonCommand1 = new BakeMuttonCommand(boy);
            Command bakeMuttonCommand2 = new BakeMuttonCommand(boy);
            Command bakeChickenWingCommand1 = new BakeChickenWingCommand(boy);
            Waiter girl = new Waiter();

            //开门营业 顾客点菜
            girl.SetOrder(bakeMuttonCommand1);
            girl.SetOrder(bakeMuttonCommand2);
            girl.SetOrder(bakeChickenWingCommand1);

            //点菜完闭，通知厨房
            girl.Notify();

第二十四章 职责链模式

第二十五章 中介者模式

  //联合国机构
    abstract class UnitedNations
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 声明
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message">声明信息</param>
        /// <param name="colleague">声明国家</param>
        public abstract void Declare(string message, Country colleague);
    }

  //联合国安全理事会
    class UnitedNationsSecurityCouncil : UnitedNations
    {
        private USA colleague1;
        private Iraq colleague2;

        public USA Colleague1
        {
            set { colleague1 = value; }
        }

        public Iraq Colleague2
        {
            set { colleague2 = value; }
        }

        public override void Declare(string message, Country colleague)
        {
            if (colleague == colleague1)
            {
                colleague2.GetMessage(message);
            }
            else
            {
                colleague1.GetMessage(message);
            }
        }
    }

  //国家
    abstract class Country
    {
        protected UnitedNations mediator;

        public Country(UnitedNations mediator)
        {
            this.mediator = mediator;
        }
    }

    //美国
    class USA : Country
    {
        public USA(UnitedNations mediator)
            : base(mediator)
        {

        }
        //声明
        public void Declare(string message)
        {
            mediator.Declare(message, this);
        }
        //获得消息
        public void GetMessage(string message)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("美国获得对方信息：" + message);
        }
    }

    //伊拉克
    class Iraq : Country
    {
        public Iraq(UnitedNations mediator)
            : base(mediator)
        {
        }

        //声明
        public void Declare(string message)
        {
            mediator.Declare(message, this);
        }
        //获得消息
        public void GetMessage(string message)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("伊拉克获得对方信息：" + message);
        }

    }

客户端:

 UnitedNationsSecurityCouncil UNSC = new UnitedNationsSecurityCouncil();

            USA c1 = new USA(UNSC);
            Iraq c2 = new Iraq(UNSC);

            UNSC.Colleague1 = c1;
            UNSC.Colleague2 = c2;

            c1.Declare("不准研制核武器，否则要发动战争！");
            c2.Declare("我们没有核武器，也不怕侵略。");

第二十六章 享元模式

第二十七章 解释器模式

第二十八章 访问者模式

    //人
    abstract class Person
    {
        //接受
        public abstract void Accept(Action visitor);
    }

    //男人
    class Man : Person
    {
        public override void Accept(Action visitor)
        {
            visitor.GetManConclusion(this);
        }
    }

    //女人
    class Woman : Person
    {
        public override void Accept(Action visitor)
        {
            visitor.GetWomanConclusion(this);
        }
    }

   //状态
    abstract class Action
    {
        //得到男人结论或反应
        public abstract void GetManConclusion(Man concreteElementA);
        //得到女人结论或反应
        public abstract void GetWomanConclusion(Woman concreteElementB);
    }

 //成功
    class Success : Action
    {
        public override void GetManConclusion(Man concreteElementA)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}时，背后多半有一个伟大的女人。", concreteElementA.GetType().Name, this.GetType().Name);
        }

        public override void GetWomanConclusion(Woman concreteElementB)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}时，背后大多有一个不成功的男人。", concreteElementB.GetType().Name, this.GetType().Name);
        }
    }

   //对象结构
    class ObjectStructure
    {
        private IList<Person> elements = new List<Person>();

        //增加
        public void Attach(Person element)
        {
            elements.Add(element);
        }
        //移除
        public void Detach(Person element)
        {
            elements.Remove(element);
        }
        //查看显示
        public void Display(Action visitor)
        {
            foreach (Person e in elements)
            {
                e.Accept(visitor);
            }
        }
    }

客户端:

 ObjectStructure o = new ObjectStructure();
            o.Attach(new Man());
            o.Attach(new Woman());

            Success v1 = new Success();
            o.Display(v1);