一、前期准备
可参考JDK 1.8的安装教程：
1.2 PostgreSQL安装
参考链接：
注意：SonarQube 7.9起不再支持MySQL数据库。
1.3 SonarQube下载
下载链接：
1.3.1 数库库添加
# 创建用户
create user sonar with password '123456';
# 创建数据库
create database sonar owner sonar;
# 授权
grant all privileges on database sonar to sonar;
# 切换到sonar数据库
c sonar
# 创建schema指定owner
create schema my_schema authorization sonar;
1.4 Sonar-Scanner下载
下载链接：
1.5 文件上传
二、SonarQube安装
2.1 用户添加
#添加用户
useradd sonar
#用户密码添加
passwd sonar
2.2 文件解压
#创建文件
mkdir /usr/local/sonar
# 解压文件
unzip sonarqube-7.9.5.zip
# 移动文件并重命名
mv sonarqube-7.9.5 /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube
2.3 修改sonarqube用户组
chown -R sonar:sonar/usr/local/sonar/sonarqube
2.4 优化系统的参数
2.4.1 临时优化
sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144
sysctl -w fs.file-max=65536
ulimit -u 4096 sonar
ulimit -n 65536 sonar
2.4.2 持久优化
2.4.2.1 修改最大线程数
#修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件，增加配置，用户退出后重新登录生效
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
2.4.2.2 修改系统配置文件
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
2.5 更改配置文件
2.5.1 配置数据库登录用户和密码
# 修改配置文件
vim /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/conf/sonar.properties
sonar.jdbc.username=sonar
sonar.jdbc.password=123456
2.5.2 配置数据库链接池相关属性
sonar.jdbc.maxActive=60
sonar.jdbc.maxIdle=5
sonar.jdbc.minIdle=2
sonar.jdbc.maxWait=5000
sonar.jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=600000
sonar.jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=30000
2.5.3 配置web访问相关
sonar.web.host=0.0.0.0
sonar.web.port=9000
2.6 启动SonarQube
#切换用户（sonar），必须以sonar用户启动
su - sonar
#启动SonarQube
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh console #控制台启动
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh start #后台启动
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh status #启动状态
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh restart #重新启动
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh stop #系统停止
2.6.1 数据表查看
2.6.2 页面登录
默认登录账号：admin，密码：admin
2.7 SonarQube汉化
2.7.1 插件中心下载
2.7.2 汉化插件离线安装
插件下载地址：
#上传文件到指定文件
cd /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/extensions/plugins
#改变文件用户组
chown sonar:sonar sonar-l10n-zh-plugin-1.29.jar
2.7.3 重启系统，查看页面
2.8 SonarQube加入开机自启动
2.8.1 创建软链接
ln -s /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh /usr/bin/sonar
2.8.2 创建服务
vim /etc/init.d/sonarqube
cat /etc/init.d/sonarqube
#内容如下
#!/bin/sh
#
# rc file for SonarQube
#
# chkconfig: 345 96 10
# description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: sonar
# Required-Start: $network
# Required-Stop: $network
# Default-Start: 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6
# Short-Description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)
# Description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)
### END INIT INFO
#export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/
su sonar /usr/bin/sonar $*
2.8.3 增加执行权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/sonarqube
2.8.4 添加服务
chkconfig --add sonarqube
2.8.5 配置服务启动时依赖的jdk
vim /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/conf/wrapper.conf
2.8.6 加入开机启动
service sonarqube on
2.8.6 启动服务
service sonarqube start #启动
service sonarqube restart #重启
service sonarqube console #控制台启动
service sonarqube stop #终止
service sonarqube status #状态
三、Sonar-Scanner安装
3.1 文件解压
#解压文件
unzip sonar-scanner-cli-4.6.0.2311-linux.zip
#移动文件并重命名
mv sonar-scanner-4.6.0.2311-linux/ /usr/local/sonar/sonarscanner
3.2 添加环境变量
#配置环境变量
vim /etc/profile
#文件末尾添加
export SONAR_SCANNER_HOME=/usr/local/sonar/sonarscanner
export PATH=$PATH:${SONAR_SCANNER_HOME}/bin
保存后执行下面的命令，使配置生效！
# 使配置生效
source /etc/profile
3.3 配置sonar-scanner
#配置文件
vim /usr/local/sonar/sonarscanner/conf/sonar-scanner.properties
3.4 验证sonar-scanner
sonar-scanner -h
四、SonarQube项目实践
4.1 使用工具
idea，maven, sonarqube, sonarscanner
4.2 实践方式
4.2.1 修改maven添加sonar配置+pom文件导入sonar插件
4.2.1.1 maven配置文件修改
<settings>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>sonar</id>
<properties>
<sonar.jdbc.url>jdbc:postgresql://192.168.61.80/sonar?currentSchema=my_schema</sonar.jdbc.url>
<sonar.jdbc.driver>org.postgresql.Driver</sonar.jdbc.driver>
<sonar.jdbc.username>sonar</sonar.jdbc.username>
<sonar.jdbc.password>123456</sonar.jdbc.password>
<sonar.host.url>http://192.168.61.81:9000/</sonar.host.url>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
<!-- activeProfiles
| List of profiles that are active for all builds.
|
-->
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>sonar</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>
4.2.1.2 pom文件添加sonar插件
<plugin>
<groupId>org.sonarsource.scanner.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>sonar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0.2131</version>
</plugin>
4.2.1.3 执行扫描
4.2.1.4 sonarqube扫描查看
4.2.2 pom文件添加sonar配置和sonar插件
4.2.2.1 添加sonar配置
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>sonar</id>
<properties>
<sonar.jdbc.url>jdbc:postgresql://192.168.61.80/sonar?currentSchema=my_schema</sonar.jdbc.url>
<sonar.jdbc.driver>org.postgresql.Driver</sonar.jdbc.driver>
<sonar.jdbc.username>sonar</sonar.jdbc.username>
<sonar.jdbc.password>123456</sonar.jdbc.password>
<sonar.host.url>http://192.168.61.81:9000/</sonar.host.url>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
</profiles>
4.2.2.2 添加sonar配置
<plugin>
<groupId>org.sonarsource.scanner.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>sonar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0.2131</version>
</plugin>
扫描项目与查看同上
4.2.3 使用sonar-scanner扫描
4.2.3.1 项目根目录下添加 sonar-project.properties
#项目的key
sonar.projectKey=jenkins-gitlab-key
#项目的名字
sonar.projectName=jenkins-gitlab-sonar-scanner
#项目的版本
sonar.projectVersion=1.0.0
#需要分析的源码的目录，多个目录用英文逗号隔开
sonar.sources=/app/jenkins-gitlab
#二进制文件
sonar.java.binaries=/app/jenkins-gitlab/target/classes
4.2.3.2 sonar-scanner扫描
sonar-scanner
4.2.3.3 SonarQube页面验证
4.2.4 Maven命令执行
4.2.4.1 SonarQube建立扫描项目
4.2.4.2 idea新建项目，并执行扫描
扫描命令：
mvn sonar:sonar
-Dsonar.projectKey=Jenkins-SonarQube
-Dsonar.host.url=http://192.168.61.81:9000
-Dsonar.login=2ddec215c10e5aa8c552bef3c37f32de9c32019a
扫描记录：
E:PATSProjectsJavaLearnjenkins-sonarqube>mvn sonar:sonar -Dsonar.projectKey=Jenkins-SonarQube -Dsonar.host.url=http://192.168.61.81:9000 -Dsonar.login=2ddec215c10e5aa8c552bef3c37f32
de9c32019a
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------------< com.jenkins:sonarqube >------------------------
[INFO] Building sonarqube 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- sonar-maven-plugin:3.7.0.1746:sonar (default-cli) @ sonarqube ---
[INFO] User cache: C:UsersAdministrator.sonarcache
[INFO] SonarQube version: 7.9.5
[INFO] Default locale: "zh_CN", source code encoding: "UTF-8"
[WARNING] SonarScanner will require Java 11 to run starting in SonarQube 8.x
[INFO] Load global settings
[INFO] Load global settings (done) | time=63ms
[INFO] Server id: 48F3CEBB-AXe5bCYaWLFD_1L1uUGJ
[INFO] User cache: C:UsersAdministrator.sonarcache
[INFO] Load/download plugins
[INFO] Load plugins index
[INFO] Load plugins index (done) | time=34ms
[INFO] Plugin [l10nzh] defines 'l10nen' as base plugin. This metadata can be removed from manifest of l10n plugins since version 5.2.
[INFO] Load/download plugins (done) | time=68ms
[INFO] Process project properties
[INFO] Execute project builders
[INFO] Execute project builders (done) | time=6ms
[INFO] Project key: Jenkins-SonarQube
[INFO] Base dir: E:PATSProjectsJavaLearnjenkins-sonarqube
[INFO] Working dir: E:PATSProjectsJavaLearnjenkins-sonarqube argetsonar
[INFO] Load project settings for component key: 'Jenkins-SonarQube'
[INFO] Load project settings for component key: 'Jenkins-SonarQube' (done) | time=18ms
[INFO] Load quality profiles
[INFO] Load quality profiles (done) | time=45ms
[INFO] Load active rules
[INFO] Load active rules (done) | time=421ms
[INFO] Indexing files...
[INFO] Project configuration:
[INFO] 3 files indexed
[INFO] Quality profile for java: Sonar way
[INFO] Quality profile for xml: Sonar way
[INFO] ------------- Run sensors on module sonarqube
[INFO] Load metrics repository
[INFO] Load metrics repository (done) | time=14ms
[INFO] Sensor JavaSquidSensor [java]
[INFO] Configured Java source version (sonar.java.source): 8
[INFO] JavaClasspath initialization
[INFO] JavaClasspath initialization (done) | time=15ms
[INFO] JavaTestClasspath initialization
[INFO] JavaTestClasspath initialization (done) | time=3ms
[INFO] Java Main Files AST scan
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] Load project repositories
[INFO] Load project repositories (done) | time=13ms
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[WARNING] Classes not found during the analysis : [javax.annotation.meta.When]
[INFO] Java Main Files AST scan (done) | time=420ms
[INFO] Java Test Files AST scan
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[INFO] Java Test Files AST scan (done) | time=38ms
[INFO] Sensor JavaSquidSensor [java] (done) | time=893ms
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCo XML Report Importer [jacoco]
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCo XML Report Importer [jacoco] (done) | time=5ms
[INFO] Sensor SurefireSensor [java]
[INFO] parsing [E:PATSProjectsJavaLearnjenkins-sonarqube argetsurefire-reports]
[INFO] Sensor SurefireSensor [java] (done) | time=7ms
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCoSensor [java]
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCoSensor [java] (done) | time=3ms
[INFO] Sensor JavaXmlSensor [java]
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] Sensor JavaXmlSensor [java] (done) | time=101ms
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[INFO] Sensor HTML [web]
[INFO] Sensor HTML [web] (done) | time=11ms
[INFO] Sensor XML Sensor [xml]
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] Sensor XML Sensor [xml] (done) | time=81ms
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[INFO] ------------- Run sensors on project
[INFO] Sensor Zero Coverage Sensor
[INFO] Sensor Zero Coverage Sensor (done) | time=9ms
[INFO] Sensor Java CPD Block Indexer
[INFO] Sensor Java CPD Block Indexer (done) | time=10ms
[INFO] SCM Publisher is disabled
[INFO] 1 file had no CPD blocks
[INFO] Calculating CPD for 0 files
[INFO] CPD calculation finished
[INFO] Analysis report generated in 44ms, dir size=84 KB
[INFO] Analysis report compressed in 47ms, zip size=15 KB
[INFO] Analysis report uploaded in 25ms
[INFO] ANALYSIS SUCCESSFUL, you can browse http://192.168.61.81:9000/dashboard?id=Jenkins-SonarQube
[INFO] Note that you will be able to access the updated dashboard once the server has processed the submitted analysis report
[INFO] More about the report processing at http://192.168.61.81:9000/api/ce/task?id=AXe-hjYigf7k25Y1Cy_3
[INFO] Analysis total time: 3.117 s
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 6.423 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-02-20T16:20:03+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
E:PATSProjectsJavaLearnjenkins-sonarqube>
4.2.4.3 页面验证
以上，请参考！