一、多线程下载
多线程下载就是抢占服务器资源
原理:服务器CPU 分配给每条线程的时间片相同,服务器带宽平均分配给每条线程,所以客户端开启的线程越多,就能抢占到更多的服务器资源。
1、设置开启线程数,发送http请求到下载地址,获取下载文件的总长度
然后创建一个长度一致的临时文件,避免下载到一半存储空间不够了,并计算每个线程下载多少数据
2、计算每个线程下载数据的开始和结束位置
再次发送请求,用 Range 头请求开始位置和结束位置的数据
3、将下载到的数据,存放至临时文件中
4、带断点续传的多线程下载
定义一个int变量,记录每条线程下载的数据总长度,然后加上该线程的下载开始位置,得到的结果就是下次下载时,该线程的开始位置,把得到的结果存入缓存文件,当文件下载完成,删除临时进度文件。
1 public class MultiDownload { 2 3 static int ThreadCount = 3; 4 static int finishedThread = 0; 5 //确定下载地址 6 static String filename = "EditPlus.exe"; 7 static String path = "http://192.168.3.45:8080/"+filename; 8 public static void main(String[] args) { 9 //1、发送get请求,去获得下载文件的长度 10 try { 11 URL url = new URL(path); 12 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); 13 conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); 14 conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); 15 conn.setReadTimeout(5000); 16 17 if (conn.getResponseCode()==200) { 18 //如果请求成功,拿到所请求资源文件的长度 19 int length = conn.getContentLength(); 20 21 //2、生成一个与原文件同样的大小的临时文件,以免下载一半存储空间不够了 22 File file = new File(filename);//演示,所以将保存的文件目录放在工程的同目录 23 //使用RandomAccessFile 生成临时文件,可以用指针定位文件的任意位置, 24 //而且能够实时写到硬件底层设备,略过缓存,这对下载文件是突然断电等意外是有好处的 25 RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rwd");//rwd, 实时写到底层设备 26 //设置临时文件的大小 27 raf.setLength(length); 28 raf.close(); 29 30 //3、计算出每个线程应该下载多少个字节 31 int size = length/ThreadCount;//如果有余数,负责最后一部分的线程负责下砸 32 33 //开启多线程 34 for (int threadId = 0; threadId < ThreadCount; threadId++) { 35 //计算每个线程下载的开始位置和结束位置 36 int startIndex = threadId*size; // 开始 = 线程id * size 37 int endIndex = (threadId+1)*size - 1; //结束 = (线程id + 1)*size - 1 38 //如果是最后一个线程,那么结束位置写死为文件结束位置 39 if (threadId == ThreadCount - 1) { 40 endIndex = length - 1; 41 } 42 43 //System.out.println("线程"+threadId+"的下载区间是: "+startIndex+"----"+endIndex); 44 new DownloadThread(startIndex,endIndex,threadId).start(); 45 } 46 } 47 } catch (MalformedURLException e) { 48 e.printStackTrace(); 49 } catch (IOException e) { 50 e.printStackTrace(); 51 } 52 } 53 } 54 55 class DownloadThread extends Thread{ 56 57 private int startIndex; 58 private int endIndex; 59 private int threadId; 60 61 public DownloadThread(int startIndex, int endIndex, int threadId) { 62 super(); 63 this.startIndex = startIndex; 64 this.endIndex = endIndex; 65 this.threadId = threadId; 66 } 67 68 @Override 69 public void run() { 70 //每个线程再次发送http请求,下载自己对应的那部分数据 71 try { 72 File progressFile = new File(threadId+".txt"); 73 //判断进度文件是否存在,如果存在,则接着断点继续下载,如果不存在,则从头下载 74 if (progressFile.exists()) { 75 FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(progressFile); 76 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis)); 77 //从进度文件中度取出上一次下载的总进度,然后与原本的开始进度相加,得到新的开始进度 78 startIndex += Integer.parseInt(br.readLine()); 79 fis.close(); 80 } 81 System.out.println("线程"+threadId+"的下载区间是:"+startIndex+"----"+endIndex); 82 83 //4、每个线程发送http请求自己的数据 84 URL url = new URL(MultiDownload.path); 85 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); 86 conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); 87 conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); 88 conn.setReadTimeout(5000); 89 //设置本次http请求所请求的数据的区间 90 conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes="+startIndex+"-"+endIndex); 91 92 //请求部分数据,响应码是206 93 if (conn.getResponseCode()==206) { 94 //此时,流里只有ThreadCount分之一的原文件数据 95 InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); 96 byte[] b = new byte[1024]; 97 int len = 0; 98 int total = 0;//total 用于保存断点续传的断点 99 //拿到临时文件的输出流 100 File file = new File(MultiDownload.filename); 101 RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rwd"); 102 //把文件的写入位置移动至 startIndex 103 raf.seek(startIndex); 104 105 while ((len = is.read(b))!=-1) { 106 //每次读取流里数据之后,同步把数据写入临时文件 107 raf.write(b, 0, len); 108 total += len; 109 110 //System.out.println("线程" + threadId + "下载了" + total); 111 //生成一个一个专门用来记录下载进度的临时文件 112 RandomAccessFile progressRaf = new RandomAccessFile(progressFile, "rwd"); 113 progressRaf.write((total+"").getBytes()); 114 progressRaf.close(); 115 } 116 System.out.println("线程"+threadId+"下载完了---------------------"); 117 raf.close(); 118 119 //当所有的线程下载完之后,将进度文件删除 120 MultiDownload.finishedThread++; 121 synchronized (MultiDownload.path) {//所有线程使用同一个锁 122 if (MultiDownload.finishedThread==MultiDownload.ThreadCount) { 123 for (int i = 0; i < MultiDownload.ThreadCount; i++) { 124 File f = new File(i+".txt"); 125 f.delete(); 126 } 127 MultiDownload.finishedThread=0; 128 } 129 } 130 } 131 } catch (Exception e) { 132 e.printStackTrace(); 133 } 134 135 } 136 }
二、Android手机版带断点续传的多线程下载
Android手机版的带断点续传的多线程下载逻辑与PC版的几乎一样,只不过在Android手机中耗时操作不能放在主线程,网络下载属于耗时操作,所以多线程下载要在Android中开启一个子线程执行。并使用消息队列机制刷新文本进度条。
public class MainActivity extends Activity { static int ThreadCount = 3; static int FinishedThread = 0; int currentProgess; static String Filename = "QQPlayer.exe"; static String Path = "http://192.168.3.45:8080/"+Filename; static MainActivity ma; static ProgressBar pb; static TextView tv; static Handler handler = new Handler(){ public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg){ tv.setText((long)pb.getProgress()*100 /pb.getMax() +"%"); }; }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ma = this; pb = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pb); tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv); } public void download(View v){ Thread t = new Thread(){ @Override public void run() { //发送http请求获取文件的长度,创建临时文件 try { URL url= new URL(Path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); conn.setReadTimeout(5000); if (conn.getResponseCode()==200) { int length = conn.getContentLength(); //设置进度条的最大值就是原文件的总长度 pb.setMax(length); //生成一个与原文件相同大小的临时文件 File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),Filename); RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rwd"); raf.setLength(length); raf.close(); //计算每个线程需要下载的数据大小 int size = length/ThreadCount; //开启多线程 for (int threadId = 0; threadId < ThreadCount; threadId++) { int startIndex = threadId*size; int endIndex = (threadId + 1)*size - 1; if (threadId==ThreadCount - 1) { endIndex = length - 1; } new DownloadThread(startIndex, endIndex, threadId).start(); } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }; t.start(); } class DownloadThread extends Thread{ private int startIndex; private int endIndex; private int threadId; public DownloadThread(int startIndex, int endIndex, int threadId) { super(); this.startIndex = startIndex; this.endIndex = endIndex; this.threadId = threadId; } @Override public void run() { // 每个线程发送http请求自己的数据 try{ //先判断是不是断点续传 File progessFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),threadId+".txt"); if (progessFile.exists()) { FileReader fr = new FileReader(progessFile); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr); int lastProgess = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine()); startIndex += lastProgess; //把上次下载的进度显示至进度条 currentProgess +=lastProgess; pb.setProgress(currentProgess); //发消息,让主线程刷新文本进度 handler.sendEmptyMessage(1); br.close(); fr.close(); } URL url = new URL(Path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); conn.setReadTimeout(5000); conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes="+startIndex+"-"+endIndex); if (conn.getResponseCode()==206) { InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; int total = 0; File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),Filename); RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rwd"); raf.seek(startIndex); while ((len = is.read(buffer))!= -1) { raf.write(buffer, 0, len); total += len; //每次读取流里数据之后,把本次读取的数据的长度显示至进度条 currentProgess += len; pb.setProgress(currentProgess); //发消息,让主线程刷新文本进度 handler.sendEmptyMessage(1); //生成临时文件保存下载进度,用于断点续传,在所有线程现在完毕后删除临时文件 RandomAccessFile progressRaf = new RandomAccessFile(progessFile, "rwd"); progressRaf.write((total+"").getBytes()); progressRaf.close(); } raf.close(); System.out.println("线程"+threadId+"下载完了"); //当所有线程都下在完了之后,删除临时进度文件 FinishedThread++; synchronized (Path) { if (FinishedThread==ThreadCount) { for (int i = 0; i < ThreadCount; i++) { File f = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),i+".txt"); f.delete(); } FinishedThread=0; } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }