【C#】Winform开发笔记（持续更新）

随便写写，主要是记录。

ListView使用方法

最近在做即时通讯，有一个需求是要显示好友列表

以前在安卓里可以有个适配器来写样式，C#貌似很麻烦，索性写简单点。

 private void initListView()
        {
            ColumnHeader cJC = new ColumnHeader();//创建一个列
            cJC.Text = "好友编号";//列名
            cJC.Width = 100;
            ColumnHeader cKC = new ColumnHeader();
            cKC.Text = "好友昵称";
            cKC.Width = 200;

            lv_main.Columns.AddRange(new ColumnHeader[] { cJC, cKC });
            lv_main.View = View.Details;//列的显示模式

            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            { 
                String[] words = { "10"+(i+1), "好友"+(i+1) };
                lv_main.Items.Add(new ListViewItem(words));
            }
        }

监听事件

 private void lv_main_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                ListView.SelectedIndexCollection indexes = this.lv_main.SelectedIndices;
                if (indexes.Count > 0)
                {
                    int index = indexes[0];
                    string sPartNo = this.lv_main.Items[index].SubItems[0].Text;//获取第一列的值
                    string sPartName = this.lv_main.Items[index].SubItems[1].Text;//获取第二列的值
                    MessageBox.Show(sPartNo + "|" + sPartName, "SUCCESS");
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("操作失败！
" + ex.Message, "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK,
                    MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1);
            }
        }

另外，如果需要设置列表一行选中，去属性窗口把FullRowSelect设置为true即可。

设置窗口居中

目前控件不能根据窗口大小来动态调整，索性就直接禁用最大最小、居中显示即可。

MaximizeBox 是否可以最大化
MinimizeBox 是否可以最小化
this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;//居中显示

Post/Get封装

注意你的.Net版本，4.0以上才可以设置Tls12协议。

System.Net.ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;

 public class HttpUitls
    {
        public static string Get(string Url)
        {
           
            System.Net.ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);
            request.Proxy = null;
            request.KeepAlive = false;
            request.Method = "GET";
            request.ContentType = "application/json; charset=UTF-8";
            request.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip;

            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            Stream myResponseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
            StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(myResponseStream, Encoding.UTF8);
            string retString = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd();

            myStreamReader.Close();
            myResponseStream.Close();

            if (response != null)
            {
                response.Close();
            }
            if (request != null)
            {
                request.Abort();
            }

            return retString;
        }

        public static string Post(string Url, string Data, string Referer)
        {
            System.Net.ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(Url);
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.Referer = Referer;
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Data);
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            request.ContentLength = bytes.Length;
            Stream myResponseStream = request.GetRequestStream();
            myResponseStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);

            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
            string retString = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd();

            myStreamReader.Close();
            myResponseStream.Close();

            if (response != null)
            {
                response.Close();
            }
            if (request != null)
            {
                request.Abort();
            }
            return retString;
        }

    }

另外补充一个带参数的Post方法

 public static string Post(string url, Dictionary<string, string> dic)
        {
            string result = "";
            HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            req.Method = "POST";
            req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            #region 添加Post 参数
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            int i = 0;
            foreach (var item in dic)
            {
                if (i > 0)
                    builder.Append("&");
                builder.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", item.Key, item.Value);
                i++;
            }
            byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(builder.ToString());
            req.ContentLength = data.Length;
            using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream())
            {
                reqStream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                reqStream.Close();
            }
            #endregion
            HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
            Stream stream = resp.GetResponseStream();
            //获取响应内容
            using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8))
            {
                result = reader.ReadToEnd();
            }
            return result;
        }

文件输入输出

文件写入

String txtpath = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + "dataBase\lessons.txt";
String subpath = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory.ToString() + "dataBase";
if (File.Exists(txtpath))
            {
                FileStream stream2 = File.Open(txtpath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write);
                stream2.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
                stream2.SetLength(0); //清空txt文件
                StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(stream2);
                sw.Write(str);
                sw.Flush();
                sw.Close();
                stream2.Close();
            }
            else
            {
                if (false == System.IO.Directory.Exists(subpath))
                {
                    //创建pic文件夹
                    System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(subpath);
                }
                FileStream fs = new FileStream(txtpath, FileMode.CreateNew);
                StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
                sw.Write(str);
                sw.Flush();
                sw.Close();
                fs.Close();
            }

文件读取

 if (File.Exists(txtpath))
            {
                StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(txtpath, Encoding.UTF8);
                String line;
                String input_str = "";
                while ((line = sr.ReadLine()) != null)
                {
                    input_str = input_str + line;
                }
                sr.Close();
                //TODO
            }
            else
            {
                //不存在
                
            }

两个form传数据

需求：主窗口A，点击一个按钮弹出B窗口采集信息后传输给A

思路：创建一个监听回调，参数传递。

在B中写一个接口（以登录为例）

public interface IOnLogin
{
      void Login(String username, String pass, String term);
}

这里就写你需要实现的逻辑，函数中的参数为想传递的，如本例中使用B采集username,pass,term并传递给A来处理。

在B中设置一个全局的接口变量，如

private IOnLogin loginlistener;

并设置一个public的方法来设置该接口

public void setIOnLogin(IOnLogin listener)
{
     loginlistener = listener;
}

然后就可以在要实现的地方去调用了，如在点击按钮时：

 private void btn_login_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
      loginlistener.Login(tb_account.Text,tb_pass.Text,cb_term.Text);
      this.Close();
}

紧接着我们在A中来实现这个接口

这里要吐槽一下C#不能写匿名接口类？？？写习惯了Android这种太难受了。

 private class MyLoginListener : UserAccountInputForm.IOnLogin
        {
            private Form1 form;
            public MyLoginListener(Form1 form)
            {
                this.form = form;//这里加一个form是方便调用静态成员变量
            }
            public void Login(string username, string pass, string term)
            {
                
               //业务逻辑
            }
        }

然后在启动B的时候设置监听：

UserAccountInputForm userAccountInputForm = new UserAccountInputForm();
            userAccountInputForm.setIOnLogin(new MyLoginListener(this));
            userAccountInputForm.Show();

OK。

像在Android写那种多个Frame的时候也是一样的原理，如果要传递数据就让MainFrameActivity作为中间传递者即可。

解析JSON

Json多香啊，可以一键转成实体。。。

准备一个json字符串，然后使用工具 JSON转C#实体类 转换一下就可以得到映射实体类。

我准备的是自己的课表：

[{"id":0,"name":"人工智能1","time":"","room":"21107","teacher":"林民安副教授","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12],"start":1,"step":2,"day":1,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"Linux操作系统（双语）","time":"","room":"12305","teacher":"外教3Amir其他","weekList":[1,3,4,6,7,8,10,11,12,14,15,16],"start":1,"step":2,"day":2,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"人工智能1","time":"","room":"12301","teacher":"林民安副教授","weekList":[1,3,5,7,9,11],"start":1,"step":2,"day":3,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"工程经济学","time":"","room":"12307","teacher":"林宪鸿副教授","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11],"start":1,"step":2,"day":4,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"工程经济学","time":"","room":"12306","teacher":"林宪鸿副教授","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11],"start":1,"step":2,"day":5,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"软件工程3","time":"","room":"21206","teacher":"王坤德副教授","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11],"start":3,"step":2,"day":2,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"Linux操作系统（双语）","time":"","room":"11111","teacher":"未知老师","weekList":[1,2,5,9,13],"start":3,"step":2,"day":3,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"文献检索1","time":"","room":"22202","teacher":"干林馆员","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5],"start":3,"step":2,"day":4,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"软件工程3","time":"","room":"12507","teacher":"王坤德副教授","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11],"start":3,"step":2,"day":5,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"JavaEE应用程序开发","time":"","room":"22308","teacher":"陈剑洪副教授","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17],"start":5,"step":2,"day":4,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"网络编程技术4","time":"","room":"12301","teacher":"于坤副教授,付磊其他","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13],"start":7,"step":2,"day":1,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0},{"id":0,"name":"信息隐藏技术","time":"","room":"21206","teacher":"陈剑洪副教授","weekList":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13],"start":7,"step":2,"day":4,"term":"2019-2020-2","colorRandom":0}]

吐槽一下，像这种Json数组他就不认了吗？？？生成class0---classn可太秀了

不用管它，只需要根对象即可，即：

public class JsonLessons
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public int id { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 人工智能1
        /// </summary>
        public string name { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public string time { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public string room { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 林民安副教授
        /// </summary>
        public string teacher { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public List<int> weekList { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public int start { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public int step { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public int day { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public string term { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public int colorRandom { get; set; }
    }

然后我们需要一个强大的解析工具（正则？别吧，太烦了，有轮子不用?）Json.Net

官网可能比较慢，这里提供一个下载地址：https://dl.pconline.com.cn/download/2427479.html

把里面的dll文件拿出来，然后使用资源管理器引用导入就好了~

using Newtonsoft.Json;

如何使用呢？

很简单，就一句话：

List<JsonLessons> results = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<JsonLessons>>(jsonstr);

因为我们知道是Json数组，所以直接设置为List<>即可。

打包安装

好了，软件写好了怎么用呢？我们使用了扩展库，还想设置图标，要能做成安装程序的形式多好···

VS2019中已经把这个功能砍掉了···所以我们需要单独的去下载这个扩展包

Microsoft Visual Studio Installer Projects

去扩展里下载一下就好，如果下载速度慢的话可以直接到官网使用迅雷下载。安装即可。

过程很简单这里就不再赘述了，虽然是英文的但基本都能看懂。

美化

天哪，都2020年了C#做出来的界面怎么还这么丑！

不慌，直接上扩展库：CSkin

用过有点非主流？？？？emmm凑合着用吧，反正桌面软件讲究实用嘛（强行解释）