#-----三次登录实验-----
1 memu = { 2 "陕西":{ 3 "西安市":{ 4 "新城区":["大明宫遗址","含元殿遗址","八路军办事处"], 5 "碑林区":["安碑林博物馆","明城墙","小雁塔" ], 6 "莲湖区":["钟鼓楼","明城墙","西安都城隍庙""西安清真大寺"], 7 "雁塔区":["秦二世胡亥墓","大兴善寺","大雁塔","曲江池","陕西历史博物馆"], 8 "未央区":["秦阿房宫","汉未央宫","唐大明宫"], 9 "蓝田":["华胥故里","水陆庵","王顺山","汤峪","蓝田人遗址"] 10 }, 11 "汉中市":{ 12 "南郑":["红寺湖风景区","黎平国家森林公园","汉山广场"], 13 "城固":["张骞纪念馆","南沙湖风景区","桔园景区"], 14 "洋县":["开元舍利塔"], 15 "佛坪":["大坪屿风景区","佛坪县自然保护区"] 16 } 17 }, 18 "重庆市":{ 19 "渝中区":["解放碑","朝天门","洪崖洞","若瑟堂"], 20 "万州区":["万州大瀑布","青龙瀑布","天生城","铁峰山国家森林公园"], 21 "涪陵区":["白鹤梁","大木花谷","武陵山大裂谷","816核军工洞"], 22 "大渡口":["小南海温泉","中华美德公园","金色蛋糕梦幻王国"], 23 "江北区":["观音桥","铁山坪森林公园","金源方特科幻公园"] 24 } 25 }
1 current_layer = memu 2 parent_layer = [] 3 while True: 4 for key in current_layer: 5 print(key) 6 choice = input(">>>:").strip() 7 if len(choice) == 0 : continue 8 if choice in current_layer: 9 parent_layer.append(current_layer) 10 try: 11 if current_layer[choice]: 12 current_layer = current_layer[choice] 13 except Exception: 14 print("输入错误,请重新输入！".center(50,'-')) 15 continue 16 elif choice == 'b': 17 try: 18 if current_layer: 19 current_layer = parent_layer.pop() 20 except Exception: 21 print("已返回首页目录".center(50,'-')) 22 23 else: 24 print("无此项目")
#-----字符编码-----
#-----中国字符编码发展-----
ASCII :只能存英文和拉丁字符，一个字符占一个字符，8位
GB2312:GB 2312 标准共收录 6763 个汉字
GBK:GBK 共收入 21886 个汉字和图形符号
GB18030:GB 18030 与 GB 2312-1980 和 GBK 兼容，共收录汉字70244个
unicode:utf-32:一个字符占4个字节
unicode:utf-16:一个字符占2个字节或2个以上
unicode:utf-8:一个英文用ASCII码来存储，一个中文占3个字节
#-----in python2-----
UTF-8 --decode-->Unicode--encode-->GBK
GBK--decode-->Unicode--encode-->UTF-8
#测试环境为python2,在Windows 客户端（GBK编码）运行
1 a = "棒极了" 2 gbk_to_unicode = a.decode("utf-8") 3 print(a) #妫掓瀬浜 4 utf8_to_unicode = gbk_to_unicode.encode("gbk") 5 print(gbk_to_unicode) #棒极了 6 print(utf8_to_unicode)#棒极了
#-----in python3 -----
字符默认编码Unicode ，文件默认编码UTF-8
encode 在编码同时，会把数据转成bytes 类型
decode 在解码同时，会把数据转成字符串
b = byte = 字符类型= [0-255]