• Chrome插件开发,美化网页上的文件列表。chrome-extension,background


    上一篇文章 通过“content-scripts”的方式向页面注入js和css来美化页面,但是有一个弊端:一旦配置好需要注入的页面,之后如果这个页面地址以后发生变化,或者要新加一些URL进来,那么得修改manifest.json这个文件。试想如果一个Chrome插件已经打包好,再去改代码是不可能的。

    本文通过另一种方式来实现相同的功能,同时做到页面地址动态可配置。下图是本次要处理的页面:https://jiacrontab.iwannay.cn/download/

    每一行都是一个文件的基本信息,包括文件名、日期和文件大小,文件名格式统一为:项目名-版本-操作系统-平台(分类要大于等于三个,用 “-” 分隔,这是使用本插件的前提)。现在文件还少,查看不是很困难,如果以后文件多了,那么找一个文件是比较困难的。

    这里又不太可能在服务端读取download目录下的文件,然后分类、分页展示,那只能在客户端浏览器上想办法了,Chrome插件可以实现这个功能。

    一、小试牛刀

    开发Chrome插件第一步,新建一个manifest.json文件,并按官方文档的要求配置一些必要参数

    {
      "name": "WebFileFilterPro",
      "version": "1.0.0",
      "description": "fast sort your webpage files",
      "icons": {
        "16": "images/16.png",
        "48": "images/48.png",
        "128": "images/128.png"
      },
      "browser_action": {
        "default_icon": "images/16.png",
        "default_title": "WebFileFilterPro"
      },
      "manifest_version": 2
    }

    name:插件名称

    version:版本号

    description:插件描述

    icons:图标,不同尺寸用于不同地方

    browser_action:右上角插件栏的图标信息,包括:图标的图片路径、鼠标划上去提示的文字

    manifest_version:固定为2

    注:更多manifest.json的配置参考:官方文档  看看现在的项目结构

    一个简单的没有任何功能的Chrome插件就完成了,去Chrome浏览器里安装下试试:打开Chrome浏览器 - 更多工具 - 扩展程序,打开“开发者模式” - 加载已解压的扩展程序 - 选择src目录 - 确定

    由图可见,manifest.json里配置的插件名称、版本号、插件描述等信息都体现了

    二、加大难度

    本插件的目的就是向特定页面注入一些js和css文件,达到美化页面的效果。现在来新建一个配置页面

    把需要美化的页面地址通过配置页面保存到Local Storage浏览器缓存里面,这样做的好处是:需要美化的地址随时可变,同时发现需要美化的页面直接加进去就可以了,不用修改代码。

    这个时候大杀器“background”就要出场了,官方描述是这样的

    Extensions are event based programs used to modify or enhance the Chrome browsing experience. Events are browser triggers, such as navigating to a new page, removing a bookmark, or closing a tab. Extensions monitor these events in their background script, then react with specified instructions.

    大致意思是,“background”是常驻Chrome浏览器后台运行的,可以捕获到很多行为:页面跳转、移除书签、关闭一个tab页等等。这里不需要那么强大的功能,只需要获取用户打开的页面地址,是不是在配置页面配置的地址即可。

    现在改下“manifest.json”文件,加入新的配置

    {
      "name": "WebFileFilterPro",
      "version": "1.0.0",
      "description": "fast sort your webpage files",
      "icons": {
        "16": "images/16.png",
        "48": "images/48.png",
        "128": "images/128.png"
      },
      "browser_action": {
        "default_icon": "images/16.png",
        "default_title": "WebFileFilterPro"
      },
      "options_page": "settings.html",
      "permissions": [
        "tabs",
        "http://*/*",
        "https://*/*"
      ],
      "background": {
        "scripts": [
          "js/background.js"
        ],
        "persistent": false
      },
      "manifest_version": 2
    }

    options_page:配置页面地址(右键右上角插件图标,可以通过“选项”进入配置页面)

    background:后台配置,包括js文件名和持久性设置

    permissions:申请权限列表

    1)tabs:获取用户访问页面得URL地址,必须得有tabs权限

    2)http/https:向目标页面里注入css和js文件需要的权限

    注:完整权限api请访问:Declare Permissions

    现在来看下官方说的可以常驻后台运行的“background.js”到底可以获取到哪些东西

    chrome.tabs.onUpdated.addListener(function (tabId, changeInfo, tab) {
        if (changeInfo.status == "complete") {
            var url = tab.url;
            console.log("用户访问:" + url);
    
            console.log("缓存里设置的页面:" + localStorage.url);
        };
    }); 

    在页面首次打开或者刷新事件(onUpdated)里获取“用户访问的页面地址”和“配置页面里面配置的地址”,看看控制台输出

    两个地址都正确的获取到了,如果用户访问的地址和配置的地址吻合,那么向这个页面注入css和js文件

    chrome.tabs.onUpdated.addListener(function (tabId, changeInfo, tab) {
        if (changeInfo.status == "complete") {
            var url = tab.url;
            console.log(url);
    
            if (localStorage.url != undefined && localStorage.url != '') {
                var urlList = localStorage.url.split("
    ");
    
                if (urlList.indexOf(url) != -1) {
                    chrome.tabs.insertCSS(tabId, { file: "css/bootstrap.min.css" });
    
                    chrome.tabs.executeScript(tabId, { file: "js/jquery.min.js" });
                    chrome.tabs.executeScript(tabId, { file: "js/bootstrap.min.js" });                
                    chrome.tabs.executeScript(tabId, { file: "js/filelist.js" });
                }
            }
        };
    }); 

    使用“chrome.tabs.insertCSS”和“chrome.tabs.executeScript”这两个api完成css和js的注入。有了jQuery和Bootstrap的注入,页面就可以随意美化了。“filelist.js"代码如下

    //console.log("filelist.js");
    
    var fileList = [];
    var preList = document.getElementsByTagName("pre");
    if (preList.length == 1) {
        var lineList = preList[0].innerHTML.split("
    ");
        //console.log(lineList);
        if (lineList.length > 0) {
            var splitLinetext = []; var splitFileName = []; var fileName = '';
            $.each(lineList, function (i, v) {
                //console.log(v);
                if (i == 0) {
                    return true;//continue;
                }
                if (v == undefined || v == "") {
                    var line = parseInt(i);
                    line += 1;
                    console.log("line:" + line + " is empty");
                    return true;
                }
    
                splitLinetext = v.split(/s+/);
                if (splitLinetext.length != 5) {
                    console.log(splitLinetext);
                    return true;
                }
    
                fileName = splitLinetext[1].match(/>(S*)</)[1];
                //console.log(fileName);
                if (fileName == null || fileName == '') {
                    console.log("fileName is or empty");
                    return true;
                }
    
                splitFileName = fileName.split('-');
                if (splitFileName.length < 3) {
                    console.log(splitFileName);
                    return true;
                }
    
                fileList.push({ PartA: splitFileName[0], PartB: splitFileName[1], FileTime: formatDate(splitLinetext[2] + ' ' + splitLinetext[3]), FileSize: splitLinetext[4], FileName: fileName });
            });
            //console.log(fileList);
    
            var nodeDoctype = document.implementation.createDocumentType('html', '', '');
            if (document.doctype) {
                document.replaceChild(nodeDoctype, document.doctype);
            } else {
                document.insertBefore(nodeDoctype, document.childNodes[0]);
            }
    
            $("html").attr("lang", "en");
            $("head").html('<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><link rel="shortcut icon" href="" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"><title>FileList</title></head>');
    
            $("[rel='shortcut icon']").attr("href", chrome.extension.getURL("images/16.png"));
    
            $("body").removeAttr("bgcolor").html('<nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-static-top"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-sm-2 col-md-2 col-lg-2"></div><div class="col-sm-10 col-md-10 col-lg-10"><div class="navbar-header"><button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar"><span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div><div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"></ul></div></div></div></div></nav><div class="container"><div class="row"><div id="nav" class="col-sm-2 col-md-2 col-lg-2"><ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked"></ul></div><div class="col-sm-10 col-md-10 col-lg-10"><table id="table" class="table table-bordered"></table><ul class="pager"><span id="pageIndexSpan"></span>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<span id="pageSizeSpan"></span>&nbsp;/&nbsp;<span id="totalCountSpan"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;<li id="previousPageLi"><a href="javascript:;">Prev</a></li>&nbsp;<li id="nextPageLi"><a href="javascript:;">Next</a></li></ul></div></div></div>');
    
            var partAs = getDistinctPartA();
            $.each(partAs, function (idx, val) {
                $("#navbar ul").append("<li data-value="" + val + ""><a href='javascript:;'><strong>" + val + "</strong></a></li>");
            });
            if (partAs.length > 0) {
                if (localStorage.partA != undefined && $.inArray(localStorage.partA, partAs) != -1)
                    navBarLiClick(localStorage.partA);
                else
                    navBarLiClick(partAs[0]);
            }
            else {
                $("body").html('<div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-sm-12 col-md-12 col-lg-12"><h3>no data, pls wait and refresh this page :)</h3></div></div></div>');
            }
        }
        else {
            console.log("can't find any line in <pre> tag");
        }
    }
    else {
        console.log("page's <pre> tag count illegal:" + preList.length);
    }
    
    $("body").on("click", "#navbar ul li", function () {
        navBarLiClick($(this).attr("data-value"));
    });
    
    $("body").on("click", "#nav ul li", function () {
        navLiClick($(this).attr("data-parta"), $(this).attr("data-partb"));
    });
    
    $("body").on("click", "#table tbody tr", function () {
        $(this).css("background", "#DCDCDC").siblings().css("background", "");
    });
    
    $("body").on("click", "#previousPageLi", function () {
        if (localStorage.pageIndex != 1) {
            localStorage.pageIndex = parseInt(localStorage.pageIndex) - 1;
            initFileList(localStorage.partA, localStorage.partB);
        }
    });
    
    $("body").on("click", "#nextPageLi", function () {
        var totalPageCount = localStorage.totalCount % localStorage.pageSize == 0 ? localStorage.totalCount / localStorage.pageSize : Math.ceil(localStorage.totalCount / localStorage.pageSize);
        if (localStorage.pageIndex != totalPageCount) {
            localStorage.pageIndex = parseInt(localStorage.pageIndex) + 1;
            initFileList(localStorage.partA, localStorage.partB);
        }
    });
    
    function formatDate(dt) {
        var date = new Date(dt);
        var aaaa = date.getFullYear();
        var gg = date.getDate();
        var mm = (date.getMonth() + 1);
    
        if (gg < 10) gg = "0" + gg;
        if (mm < 10) mm = "0" + mm;
    
        var cur_day = aaaa + "-" + mm + "-" + gg;
        var hours = date.getHours()
        var minutes = date.getMinutes()
        //var seconds = date.getSeconds();
    
        if (hours < 10) hours = "0" + hours;
        if (minutes < 10) minutes = "0" + minutes;
        //if (seconds < 10) seconds = "0" + seconds;
    
        //return cur_day + " " + hours + ":" + minutes + ":" + seconds;
        return cur_day + " " + hours + ":" + minutes;
    }
    
    function getDistinctPartA() {
        return JSLINQ(fileList).Distinct(function () { return this.PartA; }).items;
    }
    
    function getDistinctPartB(partA) {
        return JSLINQ(fileList).Where(function () { return this.PartA == partA; }).Distinct(function () { return this.PartB; }).items;
    }
    
    function getFileListPage(partA, partB) {
        var totalPageCount = localStorage.totalCount % localStorage.pageSize == 0 ? localStorage.totalCount / localStorage.pageSize : Math.ceil(localStorage.totalCount / localStorage.pageSize);
    
        if (localStorage.pageIndex == 1) {
            $("#previousPageLi").addClass("disabled");
        }
        else {
            $("#previousPageLi").removeClass("disabled");
        }
        if (localStorage.pageIndex == totalPageCount) {
            $("#nextPageLi").addClass("disabled");
        }
        else {
            $("#nextPageLi").removeClass("disabled");
        }
    
        $("#pageIndexSpan").text(localStorage.pageIndex);
        $("#pageSizeSpan").text(localStorage.pageSize);
        $("#totalCountSpan").text(localStorage.totalCount);
    
        if (partB == 'all') {
            return JSLINQ(fileList).Reverse().Where(function () { return this.PartA == partA; }).Skip(parseInt(localStorage.pageSize) * (parseInt(localStorage.pageIndex) - 1)).Take(parseInt(localStorage.pageSize)).Select("PartB,FileTime,FileSize,FileName").items;
        }
        else {
            return JSLINQ(fileList).Reverse().Where(function () { return this.PartA == partA && this.PartB == partB; }).Skip(parseInt(localStorage.pageSize) * (parseInt(localStorage.pageIndex) - 1)).Take(parseInt(localStorage.pageSize)).Select("PartB,FileTime,FileSize,FileName").items;
        }
    }
    
    function getFileListTotalCount(partA, partB) {
        if (partB == 'all') {
            return JSLINQ(fileList).Count(function () { return this.PartA == partA; });
        }
        else {
            return JSLINQ(fileList).Count(function () { return this.PartA == partA && this.PartB == partB; });
        }
    }
    
    function navBarLiClick(partA) {
        $("#navbar ul li[data-value="" + partA + ""]").addClass("active").siblings().removeClass("active");
    
        $("#nav ul").empty();
        $("#nav ul").append("<li data-parta="" + partA + "" data-partb="all"><a href='javascript:;'>all</a></li>");
    
        var partB = '';
        var list = getDistinctPartB(partA);
        //list.sort();
        list.reverse();
        $.each(list, function (i, v) {
            if (localStorage.partB != undefined && localStorage.partA != undefined && localStorage.partA == partA && localStorage.partB == v) {
                partB = localStorage.partB;
                $("#nav ul").append("<li class='active' data-parta="" + partA + "" data-partb="" + v + ""><a href='javascript:;'>" + v + "</a></li>");
            }
            else {
                $("#nav ul").append("<li data-parta="" + partA + "" data-partb="" + v + ""><a href='javascript:;'>" + v + "</a></li>");
            }
        });
        if (partB == '') {
            partB = 'all';
            $("#nav ul li:first").addClass("active");
        }
        initFileList(partA, partB);
    }
    
    function navLiClick(partA, partB) {
        $("#nav ul li[data-partb="" + partB + ""]").addClass("active").siblings().removeClass("active");
        initFileList(partA, partB);
    }
    
    function initFileList(partA, partB) {
        if (localStorage.partA != partA || localStorage.partB != partB) {
            localStorage.pageIndex = 1;
            localStorage.pageSize = 10;
        }
    
        if (localStorage.partA != partA) {
            localStorage.partA = partA;
        }
        if (localStorage.partB != partB) {
            localStorage.partB = partB;
        }
    
        var totalCount = getFileListTotalCount(partA, partB);
        if (localStorage.totalCount != totalCount) {
            localStorage.totalCount = totalCount;
        }
    
        var fileList = getFileListPage(partA, partB);
    
        $("#table").empty();
        // $("#table").append("<thead><tr><th>FileName</th><th>Time</th><th>FileSize</th><th>Operate</th></tr></thead><tbody>");
        if (fileList.length > 0) {
            $.each(fileList, function (i, v) {
                $("#table").append("<tr><td>" + v.FileName + "</td><td>" + v.FileTime + "</td><td>" + v.FileSize + "</td><td><a href='" + v.FileName + "' target='_blank'>Link</a></td></tr>");
            });
        }
        else {
            $("#table").append("<tr><td colspan='4'><center>no data</center></td></tr>");
        }
        $("#table").append("</tbody>");
    }
    View Code

    获取原页面里面的所有文件信息,项目名去重放在顶部,用Bootstrap的navBar插件展示,版本号由上到下依次放在左侧的nav插件上,右侧则用Bootstrap的table展示文件详细信息。效果如下

    至此,分类、翻页展示功能完美实现,以后就算文件再多也可以快速找到了。

    三、总结

    通过“background”的方式注入,优点是页面随时可以配置,很方便,缺点是用户访问的每个页面都需要在“background.js”里面挨个过滤,感觉效率不行。个人还是比较喜欢“content_scripts”这种方式注入。

    Chrome插件本地源码路径,方便学习其他优秀插件的代码:

    1)windows xp:C:Documents and Settings用户名Local SettingsApplication DataGoogleChromeUser DataDefaultExtensions
    2)windows xp+:C:Users用户名AppDataLocalGoogleChromeUser DataDefaultExtensions
    3)MAC:~/Library/Application Support/Google/Chrome/Default/Extensions
    4)Ubuntu:~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Extensions

    四、其他

    Chrome插件开发有很多的api,功能非常强大。这里仅抛砖引玉,更多使用场景大家自己去发挥。源码地址  Chrome商店  开发文档

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/oppoic/p/10193561.html
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