写一个简单的SpringMvc的demo

1.引入springmvc相关的架包

 2.在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet

  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:springMVC-annotation.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

3.配置springMvc的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        
        
    <!-- 配置一个handMappering  如果不配置系统会默认有一个HandleMapping -->
    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean> 
    <!-- 注册自己用的controller类 -->
    <bean name="/my.do" class="com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.MyController"></bean>   

13     <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
14     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
15         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
16         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
17     </bean>
18 </beans>

4.常见的HandlerMapping

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        
        
    <!-- 配置一个handMappering  如果不配置系统会默认有一个HandleMapping -->
    <!-- 1.根据bean名查找 -->
    <!-- <bean  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean> -->
    <!-- 注册自己用的controller类 -->
    <!-- <bean name="/my.do" class="com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.MyController"></bean> -->        
    <!-- 2.根据id查找相对应的controller类
          这里包含了id与url地址的映射关系
     -->
    <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <property name="mappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="/a.do">my1</prop>
                <prop key="/b.do">my2</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>       
    注册自己用的controller类
    <bean id="my1" class="com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.MyController"></bean>
    <bean id="my2" class="com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.MyController2"></bean> -->
    
    <!-- 3.根据controller类的名字查找对应的Contorller类
    类中除了Controller首字母大写，其他都小写 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
    <bean class="com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.MyController"></bean>
    <bean class="com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.SecondController"></bean>
    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.1  BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping 根据bean标签的名称找到对应的Controller类

4.2  SimpleUrlHandlerMapping 根据bean的id查找对应的Controller类。

4.3  ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping 根据controller类的名字找到对应的Controller。

5.  使用注解来替代配置信息。(比较常用)

5.1  加入额外的架包

5.2  在springmvc配置文件中加入如下代码。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        ">
        
        <!-- 包扫描：扫描注解所在的包controller类所在的包 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.annotation"></context:component-scan>
        <!-- 开启注解驱动AnnotationHandlerMapping -->
        <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

5.2  创建Controller类

package com.zhiyou100.mcl.controller.annotation;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController1 {
    @RequestMapping("/list.do")  //表示的是网页地址栏上的访问地址
    public String list() {
        System.out.println("查询所有");
        return "login";        
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/delete.do")
    public String delete() {
        System.out.println("删除");
        return "login";        
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/save.do")
    public String save() {
        System.out.println("保存");
        return "login";        
    }
}

每一个请求对应着Controller中的一个方法