c# MVC5（二） MVC与IOC结合

今天主要来讲解使用Unity来自动注入。Unity前面我们已经详细的介绍过了，如有需要请自行前往去看，今天我们的重点是说MVC与IOC的结合。

IOC：控制反转，控制反转的工具是DI(依赖注入：构造函数注入--属性注入--方法注入(按时间顺序)),DI使用的工具是Unity容器。

一：新增mvc项目，然后nuget添加引用

  <package id="Unity" version="5.10.3" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Unity.Abstractions" version="4.1.3" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Unity.Configuration" version="5.10.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Unity.Container" version="5.10.3" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Unity.Interception" version="5.10.1" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Unity.Interception.Configuration" version="5.10.0" targetFramework="net45" />

二：新增文件夹CfgFiles新增一个unity.config文件，具体代码和注释如下：

<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Unity.Configuration"/>
  </configSections>
  <unity>
    <sectionExtension type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.InterceptionExtension.Configuration.InterceptionConfigurationExtension, Unity.Interception.Configuration"/>
    <containers>
      <container name="ruanmouContainer">
        <extension type="Interception"/>
        <!--<register type="命名空间.接口类型2,程序集" mapTo="命名空间.实现类型2,程序集" />-->
        <register type="System.Data.Entity.DbContext, EntityFramework" mapTo="Ruanmou.EF.Model.JDDbContext, Ruanmou.EF.Model"/>
       
        <register type="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface.IUserCompanyService,Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface" mapTo="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service.UserCompanyService, Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service">
          <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor"/>
        </register>
        
        <register type="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface.IUserService,Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface" mapTo="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service.UserService, Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service">
          <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor"/>
          <interceptionBehavior type="Ruanmou.Project.AOP.LogBeforeBehavior, Ruanmou.MVC5"/>
          <interceptionBehavior type="Ruanmou.Project.AOP.LogAfterBehavior, Ruanmou.MVC5"/>
        </register>
        
        <register type="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface.ICompanyService,Ruanmou.Bussiness.Interface" mapTo="Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service.CompanyService, Ruanmou.Bussiness.Service">
          <interceptor type="InterfaceInterceptor"/>
        </register>
      </container>
    </containers>
  </unity>
</configuration>

需要注意的是：

1：一定在unity.config的属性中设置：复制到输出目录一定要设置：始终复制，这样做的目的是每次重新生成，会把这个untiy.config文件copy到bin目录下面。保证每次都是使用的是最新的。

2：下面这两个类是AOP拦截器需要的，如果需要的话则新增这些实体类，不需要的则直接删除掉。

<interceptionBehavior type="Ruanmou.Project.AOP.LogBeforeBehavior, Ruanmou.MVC5"/>
<interceptionBehavior type="Ruanmou.Project.AOP.LogAfterBehavior, Ruanmou.MVC5"/>

三：新增读取unity.config配置文件类DIFactory，代码如下：

 public class DIFactory
 {
     private static IUnityContainer container = null;
     static DIFactory()
     {
         ExeConfigurationFileMap fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();
         fileMap.ExeConfigFilename = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "CfgFiles\Unity.Config");
         Configuration configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
         UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)configuration.GetSection(UnityConfigurationSection.SectionName);
         container = new UnityContainer();
         section.Configure(container, "ruanmouContainer");
     }

     public static IUnityContainer GetContainer()
     {
         return container;
     }        
 }

四：新增defaultController类的子类DIControllerFactory来进行重新，具体代码如下：

public class DIControllerFactory : DefaultControllerFactory
{
    private Logger logger = new Logger(typeof(DIControllerFactory));

    protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType)
    {
        this.logger.Warn($"{controllerType.Name}被构造...");

        IUnityContainer container = DIFactory.GetContainer();
        //return base.GetControllerInstance(requestContext, controllerType);
        return (IController)container.Resolve(controllerType);
    }
}

五：在Global.asax中指定控制器为当前新增的控制器DIControllerFactory，代码如下：

 public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
 {
     private Logger logger = new Logger(typeof(MvcApplication));
     protected void Application_Start()
     {

         AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();//注册区域
         FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);//注册全局的Filter
         RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);//注册路由
         BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);//合并压缩 ，打包工具 Combres

         ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new DIControllerFactory());

         this.logger.Info("网站启动了。。。");
     }
 }

六：上面的准备工作已经做好了，下面来测试使用：

  public class ThirdController : Controller
  {
      private IUserService _iUserService = null;
      private ICompanyService _iCompanyService = null;
      private IUserCompanyService _iUserCompanyService = null;
      /// <summary>
      /// 构造函数注入---控制器得是由容器来实例化
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="userService"></param>
      /// <param name="companyService"></param>
      /// <param name="userCompanyService"></param>
      public ThirdController(IUserService userService, ICompanyService companyService, IUserCompanyService userCompanyService)
      {
          this._iUserService = userService;
          this._iCompanyService = companyService;
          this._iUserCompanyService = userCompanyService;

          
      }


      // GET: Third
      public ActionResult Index()
      {
          IUserService service = this._iUserService;
          User user = service.Find<User>(2);
          return View();
      }
  }

通过以上6个步骤则完成了IOC与MVC的完美结合，以后不用每次在new 一个业务类了。可以在初始化控制器的时候进行初始化那些业务类。