Palindromes and Super Abilities
Problem's Link: http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1960
Mean:
给你一个长度为n的字符串S,输出S的各个前缀中回文串的数量。
analyse:
回文树(回文自动机)的模板题。
由于回文自动机中的p是一个计数器,也相当于一个指针,记录的是当前插入字符C后回文树中有多少个节点。
那么我们只需要一路插,一路输出p-2就行。
p-2是因为一开始回文树中就有两个节点。这是两个根节点,分别是长度为偶数和奇数的回文串的根节点。
Time complexity: O(N)
Source code:
/*
* this code is made by crazyacking
* Verdict: Accepted
* Submission Date: 2015-08-17-14.58
* Time: 0MS
* Memory: 137KB
*/
#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#include <map>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#define LL long long
#define ULL unsigned long long
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 100005 ;
const int N = 26 ;
char s[MAXN];
namespace Palindromic_Tree
{
int next[MAXN][N] ;//next指针,next指针和字典树类似,指向的串为当前串两端加上同一个字符构成
int fail[MAXN] ;//fail指针,失配后跳转到fail指针指向的节点
int cnt[MAXN] ;
int num[MAXN] ;
int len[MAXN] ;//len[i]表示节点i表示的回文串的长度
int S[MAXN] ;//存放添加的字符
int last ;//指向上一个字符所在的节点,方便下一次add
int n ;//字符数组指针
int p ;//节点指针
int newnode(int l) //新建节点
{
for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; ++ i) next[p][i] = 0 ;
cnt[p] = 0 ;
num[p] = 0 ;
len[p] = l ;
return p ++ ;
}
void init() //初始化
{
p = 0 ;
newnode(0) ;
newnode(-1) ;
last = 0 ;
n = 0 ;
S[n] = -1 ;//开头放一个字符集中没有的字符,减少特判
fail[0] = 1 ;
}
int get_fail(int x) //和KMP一样,失配后找一个尽量最长的
{
while(S[n - len[x] - 1] != S[n]) x = fail[x] ;
return x ;
}
void add(int c)
{
c -= 'a' ;
S[++ n] = c ;
int cur = get_fail(last) ; //通过上一个回文串找这个回文串的匹配位置
if(!next[cur][c]) //如果这个回文串没有出现过,说明出现了一个新的本质不同的回文串
{
int now = newnode(len[cur] + 2) ; //新建节点
fail[now] = next[get_fail(fail[cur])][c] ; //和AC自动机一样建立fail指针,以便失配后跳转
next[cur][c] = now ;
num[now] = num[fail[now]] + 1 ;
}
last = next[cur][c] ;
cnt[last] ++ ;
}
void Count()
{
for(int i = p - 1 ; i >= 0 ; -- i) cnt[fail[i]] += cnt[i] ;
//父亲累加儿子的cnt,因为如果fail[v]=u,则u一定是v的子回文串!
}
} ;
using namespace Palindromic_Tree;
int main()
{
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
while(~scanf("%s",s))
{
init();
for(int i=0;s[i];++i)
{
add(s[i]);
printf(i==0?"%d":" %d",p-2);
}
puts("");
// Count();
}
return 0;
}
/*
*/
* this code is made by crazyacking
* Verdict: Accepted
* Submission Date: 2015-08-17-14.58
* Time: 0MS
* Memory: 137KB
*/
#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#include <map>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#define LL long long
#define ULL unsigned long long
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 100005 ;
const int N = 26 ;
char s[MAXN];
namespace Palindromic_Tree
{
int next[MAXN][N] ;//next指针,next指针和字典树类似,指向的串为当前串两端加上同一个字符构成
int fail[MAXN] ;//fail指针,失配后跳转到fail指针指向的节点
int cnt[MAXN] ;
int num[MAXN] ;
int len[MAXN] ;//len[i]表示节点i表示的回文串的长度
int S[MAXN] ;//存放添加的字符
int last ;//指向上一个字符所在的节点,方便下一次add
int n ;//字符数组指针
int p ;//节点指针
int newnode(int l) //新建节点
{
for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; ++ i) next[p][i] = 0 ;
cnt[p] = 0 ;
num[p] = 0 ;
len[p] = l ;
return p ++ ;
}
void init() //初始化
{
p = 0 ;
newnode(0) ;
newnode(-1) ;
last = 0 ;
n = 0 ;
S[n] = -1 ;//开头放一个字符集中没有的字符,减少特判
fail[0] = 1 ;
}
int get_fail(int x) //和KMP一样,失配后找一个尽量最长的
{
while(S[n - len[x] - 1] != S[n]) x = fail[x] ;
return x ;
}
void add(int c)
{
c -= 'a' ;
S[++ n] = c ;
int cur = get_fail(last) ; //通过上一个回文串找这个回文串的匹配位置
if(!next[cur][c]) //如果这个回文串没有出现过,说明出现了一个新的本质不同的回文串
{
int now = newnode(len[cur] + 2) ; //新建节点
fail[now] = next[get_fail(fail[cur])][c] ; //和AC自动机一样建立fail指针,以便失配后跳转
next[cur][c] = now ;
num[now] = num[fail[now]] + 1 ;
}
last = next[cur][c] ;
cnt[last] ++ ;
}
void Count()
{
for(int i = p - 1 ; i >= 0 ; -- i) cnt[fail[i]] += cnt[i] ;
//父亲累加儿子的cnt,因为如果fail[v]=u,则u一定是v的子回文串!
}
} ;
using namespace Palindromic_Tree;
int main()
{
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
while(~scanf("%s",s))
{
init();
for(int i=0;s[i];++i)
{
add(s[i]);
printf(i==0?"%d":" %d",p-2);
}
puts("");
// Count();
}
return 0;
}
/*
*/
代码2:
/*
* this code is made by crazyacking
* Verdict: Accepted
* Submission Date: 2015-08-17-16.51
* Time: 0MS
* Memory: 137KB
*/
#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#include <map>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#define LL long long
#define ULL unsigned long long
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 100010;
struct node
{
int next[26];
int len;
int sufflink;
int num;
};
int len;
char s[MAXN];
node tree[MAXN];
int num; // node 1 - root with len -1, node 2 - root with len 0
int suff; // max suffix palindrome
long long ans;
bool addLetter(int pos)
{
int cur = suff, curlen = 0;
int let = s[pos] - 'a';
while(true)
{
curlen = tree[cur].len;
if(pos-1-curlen>=0&&s[pos-1-curlen]==s[pos]) break;
cur = tree[cur].sufflink;
}
if(tree[cur].next[let])
{
suff = tree[cur].next[let];
return false;
} suff = ++num;
tree[num].len = tree[cur].len + 2;
tree[cur].next[let] = num;
if(tree[num].len == 1)
{
tree[num].sufflink = 2;
tree[num].num = 1;
return true;
}
while(true)
{
cur = tree[cur].sufflink;
curlen = tree[cur].len;
if(pos - 1 - curlen >= 0 && s[pos - 1 - curlen] == s[pos])
{
tree[num].sufflink = tree[cur].next[let];
break;
}
}
tree[num].num = 1 + tree[tree[num].sufflink].num;
return true;
}
void initTree()
{
num = 2; suff = 2;
tree[1].len = -1; tree[1].sufflink = 1;
tree[2].len = 0; tree[2].sufflink = 1;
}
int main()
{
scanf("%s",s);
len = strlen(s);
initTree();
for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
addLetter(i);
printf(i==0?"%d":" %d",num-2);
// ans += tree[suff].num;
}
putchar(10);
// cout << ans << endl;
return 0;
}
* this code is made by crazyacking
* Verdict: Accepted
* Submission Date: 2015-08-17-16.51
* Time: 0MS
* Memory: 137KB
*/
#include <queue>
#include <cstdio>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#include <map>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#define LL long long
#define ULL unsigned long long
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 100010;
struct node
{
int next[26];
int len;
int sufflink;
int num;
};
int len;
char s[MAXN];
node tree[MAXN];
int num; // node 1 - root with len -1, node 2 - root with len 0
int suff; // max suffix palindrome
long long ans;
bool addLetter(int pos)
{
int cur = suff, curlen = 0;
int let = s[pos] - 'a';
while(true)
{
curlen = tree[cur].len;
if(pos-1-curlen>=0&&s[pos-1-curlen]==s[pos]) break;
cur = tree[cur].sufflink;
}
if(tree[cur].next[let])
{
suff = tree[cur].next[let];
return false;
} suff = ++num;
tree[num].len = tree[cur].len + 2;
tree[cur].next[let] = num;
if(tree[num].len == 1)
{
tree[num].sufflink = 2;
tree[num].num = 1;
return true;
}
while(true)
{
cur = tree[cur].sufflink;
curlen = tree[cur].len;
if(pos - 1 - curlen >= 0 && s[pos - 1 - curlen] == s[pos])
{
tree[num].sufflink = tree[cur].next[let];
break;
}
}
tree[num].num = 1 + tree[tree[num].sufflink].num;
return true;
}
void initTree()
{
num = 2; suff = 2;
tree[1].len = -1; tree[1].sufflink = 1;
tree[2].len = 0; tree[2].sufflink = 1;
}
int main()
{
scanf("%s",s);
len = strlen(s);
initTree();
for(int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
addLetter(i);
printf(i==0?"%d":" %d",num-2);
// ans += tree[suff].num;
}
putchar(10);
// cout << ans << endl;
return 0;
}