上篇博文,发布之后,正好跟着双十一,不知道大家剁手了没~~。好啦,言归正传先声明一下,每周1,3,5更新教程,大家如果想要了解更多的教程可以重温一下之前的教程或者,关注崔格拉斯 公众号,大家想要源码的可以私信我~
每日解析(11.9 每日一题解析)
昨天的教程中留下了一个问题:如何实现数据持久化,确保django project和数据库文件不随pod的销毁而销毁。
解析:
在上一篇教程中,我们已经使用了emptyDir 数据卷。这种数据卷对于当个容器来说是持久的,但是对于Pod来说并不是持久的。当我们删除Pod资源的时候,emptyDir数据卷的内容也会被删除~~。简而言之,emptyDir和Pod的生命周期是绑定的,Pod还在数据卷就不会消失。所以,如果我们的数据持久化,只做到和Pod周期一致,那就不需要进行重新设计啦。当然显然在生产环境中,我们有些数据是需要数据是一致持久存在的,即使是Pod销毁了,数据卷的数据也不可以丢失,这个时候,就要使用共享存储,来实现数据持久化。
kubernetes 提供了数据持久化的方案,我在之前的kubernetes-从入门到弃坑-8中也介绍了PV和PVC。这里我们继续使用NFS 创建pv(外部存储系统中的一块存储空间),pvc(对pv资源的申请)。然后在django_deployment.yaml和mysql_deployment.yaml中设置使用NFS PV。
NFS 服务器
想法再好,也要落地,第一步就是搭建好NFS服务器,有了NFS服务,我们再去考虑其他的事情~~
nfs_install.sh
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
| yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind systemctl start rpcbind.service systemctl enable rpcbind.service systemctl start nfs.service systemctl enable nfs.service rpcinfo -p localhost ps -ef|egrep "rpc|nfs" mkdir -p /nfs-share chmod a+w /nfs-share echo "/nfs-share 172.16.0.0/16(rw,async,no_root_squash)" >> /etc/exports mkdir -p /mysql-share chmod a+w /mysql-share echo "/mysql-share 172.16.0.0/16(rw,async,no_root_squash)" >> /etc/exports mkdir -p /django-share chmod a+w /django-share echo "/django-share 172.16.0.0/16(rw,async,no_root_squash)" >> /etc/exports systemctl restart nfs.service showmount -e firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=2049/tcp --add-port=111/tcp --add-port=111/udp --add-port=4046/udp firewall-cmd --reload
|
安装其实很简单,值得注意的是在使用yum安装完nfs服务之后,我们要根据自己的使用情况,设置nfs共享目录,并且打开防火墙的相关端口,确保其他主机也可以访问~~
确保你的NFS服务已经将这三个文件夹共享出去之后,我们再执行接下来的操作~~
重新制作镜像
重新制作镜像是因为,我们要把开机启动脚本统一放入/start_script目录下,然后便于统一修正管理
mysql/Dockerfile
1 2 3 4 5
| FROM centos7:mysql5.7 MAINTAINER from cgls RUN chmod +755 /etc/rc.d/rc.local && echo "/start_script/mysql_init.sh" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]
|
1
| docker build -t centos7:mysql3 .
|
django/Dockerfile
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
| FROM centos7:django2.02 MAINTAINER from cgls RUN yum -y install git && git config --global user.name cuigelasi && git config --global user.email cuigelasi@gmail.com && chmod +755 /etc/rc.d/rc.local && echo "/start_script/django_init.sh" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]
|
1
| docker build -t centos7:django3 .
|
创建PV / PVC
存放初始化脚本的pv/pvc
nfs_pv_init.yaml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
| apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolume metadata: name: mypv1 spec: capacity: storage: 1Gi accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle storageClassName: mynfs nfs: path: /nfs-share server: 172.16.2.237
|
nfs_pvc_init.yml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
| apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim metadata: name: mypvc1 spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce resources: requests: storage: 1Gi storageClassName: mynfs
|
存放mysql数据的pv/pvc
nfs_pv_mysql.yaml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
| apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolume metadata: name: mysqlpv spec: capacity: storage: 1Gi accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle storageClassName: mysqlnfs nfs: path: /mysql-share server: 172.16.2.237
|
nfs_pvc_mysql.yml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
| apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim metadata: name: mysqlpvc spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce resources: requests: storage: 1Gi storageClassName: mysqlnfs
|
存放django数据的pv/pvc
nfs_pv_django.yaml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
| apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolume metadata: name: djangopv spec: capacity: storage: 1Gi accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle storageClassName: djangonfs nfs: path: /django-share server: 172.16.2.237
|
nfs_pvc_django.yml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
| apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim metadata: name: djangopvc spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce resources: requests: storage: 1Gi storageClassName: djangonfs
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
| kubectl apply -f nfs_pv_init.yaml kubectl apply -f nfs_pvc_init.yaml kubectl apply -f nfs_pv_mysql.yaml kubectl apply -f nfs_pvc_mysql.yaml kubectl apply -f nfs_pv_django.yaml kubectl apply -f nfs_pvc_django.yaml kubectl get pv kubectl get pvc
|
创建deployment和service资源
仔细阅读下面的代码,看看你能不能找出和上一个版本的差别在哪?
django_deploy.yaml
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 大专栏 K8S实战-构建Django项目-03-使用共享存储34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173
| apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: labels: app: mysql name: mysql spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: mysql template: metadata: labels: app: mysql spec: initContainers: - name: mysql-init image: busybox imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent command: - sh - "-c" - | set -ex cat > /start_script/mysql_init.sh <<EOF #!/bin/bash sed -i "/log-error/iskip-grant-tables" /etc/my.cnf systemctl restart mysqld sleep 50 mysql -uroot -p123qwe -e "CREATE DATABASE polls DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;" mysql -uroot -p123qwe -e "use mysql;" mysql -uroot -p123qwe -e "grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "123qwe";" mysql -uroot -p123qwe -e "flush privileges;" systemctl restart mysqld EOF chmod +x /start_script/mysql_init.sh volumeMounts: - name: mysql-initdb mountPath: /start_script volumes: - name: mysql-initdb persistentVolumeClaim: claimName: mypvc1 - name: mysql-data persistentVolumeClaim: claimName: mysqlpvc containers: - image: centos7:mysql3 name: mysql imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD value: 123qwe readinessProbe: exec: command: - /bin/sh - "-c" - MYSQL_PWD="${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}" - mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root -p $MYSQL_PWD -e "SELECT 1" initialDelaySeconds: 10 timeoutSeconds: 1 successThreshold: 1 failureThreshold: 3 periodSeconds: 5 volumeMounts: - name: mysql-initdb mountPath: /start_script - name: mysql-data mountPath: /raiddisk
apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: mysql-svc spec: selector: app: mysql clusterIP: 10.101.1.1 ports: - protocol: TCP port: 3306 targetPort: 3306
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: labels: app: django name: django spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: django template: metadata: labels: app: django spec: initContainers: - name: django-init image: busybox imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent command: - sh - "-c" - | set -ex cat > /start_script/django_init.sh <<EOF #!/bin/bash mkdir /root/django cd /root/django git clone https://github.com/cuigelasi/learn_django.git cd /root/django/learn_django git checkout -t origin/polls sed -i "s/172.10.1.2/10.101.1.1/" learn_django/settings.py sleep 60 python manage.py makemigrations python manage.py migrate echo "from django.contrib.auth.models import User; User.objects.create_superuser('admin', 'admin@example.com', '123qwe')" | python manage.py shell python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000 EOF chmod +x /start_script/django_init.sh volumeMounts: - name: django-initdb mountPath: /start_script containers: - image: centos7:django3 name: django volumeMounts: - name: django-initdb mountPath: /start_script readinessProbe: exec: command: - cat - /root/django/learn_django/learn_django/settings.py initialDelaySeconds: 10 periodSeconds: 5 nodeSelector: disktype: xfs volumes: - name: django-initdb persistentVolumeClaim: claimName: mypvc1 - name: django-data persistentVolumeClaim: claimName: djangopvc
apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: django-svc spec: type: NodePort selector: app: django clusterIP: 10.101.1.2 ports: - protocol: TCP nodePort: 30008 port: 8000 targetPort: 8000
|
好了,不卖关子了,和上个版本的区别有两处,一处是使用的数据卷是PVC,另一处是mysql初始化的时候解决了数据库不能登陆的bug,添加了skip-grant-tables参数。
运行脚本后,我们在浏览器上再去访问看看~~
一切正常,完美解决。
每日一题
问题一:如何实现敏感数据加密?
问题二:如何从版本二升级到版本三?并且可以回滚到版本二?
大家可以好好想想解决方案,下次我将给出一个方案给大家参考~