• Pyhton开发堡垒机之paramiko模块


    堡垒机前戏

    开发堡垒机之前,先来学习Python的paramiko模块,该模块机遇SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作

    SSHClient

    用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

    基于用户名密码连接:

    import paramiko
    
    transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))
    transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', password='123')
    
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh._transport = transport
    
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
    print stdout.read()
    
    transport.close()
    SSHClient 封装 Transport

    基于公钥密钥连接:

    import paramiko
    
    private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa')
    
    transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22))
    transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key)
    
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh._transport = transport
    
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
    
    transport.close()
    SSHClient 封装 Transport

    SFTPClient

    用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载

    基于用户名密码上传下载

    基于公钥密钥上传下载

    #!/usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
    import paramiko
    import uuid
    
    class Haproxy(object):
    
        def __init__(self):
            self.host = '172.16.103.191'
            self.port = 22
            self.username = 'wupeiqi'
            self.pwd = '123'
            self.__k = None
    
        def create_file(self):
            file_name = str(uuid.uuid4())
            with open(file_name,'w') as f:
                f.write('sb')
            return file_name
    
        def run(self):
            self.connect()
            self.upload()
            self.rename()
            self.close()
    
        def connect(self):
            transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port))
            transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd)
            self.__transport = transport
    
        def close(self):
    
            self.__transport.close()
    
        def upload(self):
            # 连接,上传
            file_name = self.create_file()
    
            sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport)
            # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
            sftp.put(file_name, '/home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py')
    
        def rename(self):
    
            ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
            ssh._transport = self.__transport
            # 执行命令
            stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('mv /home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py /home/wupeiqi/ooooooooo.py')
            # 获取命令结果
            result = stdout.read()
    
    
    ha = Haproxy()
    ha.run()
    Demo

    堡垒机的实现

    实现思路:

    堡垒机执行流程:

    1. 管理员为用户在服务器上创建账号(将公钥放置服务器,或者使用用户名密码)
    2. 用户登陆堡垒机,输入堡垒机用户名密码,现实当前用户管理的服务器列表
    3. 用户选择服务器,并自动登陆
    4. 执行操作并同时将用户操作记录

    注:配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本,如:/usr/bin/python /home/wupeiqi/menu.py

    实现过程

    步骤一,实现用户登陆

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    import getpass
     
    user = raw_input('username:')
    pwd = getpass.getpass('password')
    if user == 'alex' and pwd == '123':
    print '登陆成功'
    else:
    print '登陆失败'

    步骤二,根据用户获取相关服务器列表

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    dic = {
    'alex': [
    '172.16.103.189',
    'c10.puppet.com',
    'c11.puppet.com',
    ],
    'eric': [
    'c100.puppet.com',
    ]
    }
     
    host_list = dic['alex']
     
    print 'please select:'
    for index, item in enumerate(host_list, 1):
    print index, item
     
    inp = raw_input('your select (No):')
    inp = int(inp)
    hostname = host_list[inp-1]
    port = 22

    步骤三,根据用户名、私钥登陆服务器

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    tran = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port,))
    tran.start_client()
    default_path = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], '.ssh', 'id_rsa')
    key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(default_path)
    tran.auth_publickey('wupeiqi', key)
     
    # 打开一个通道
    chan = tran.open_session()
    # 获取一个终端
    chan.get_pty()
    # 激活器
    chan.invoke_shell()
     
    #########
    # 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄为执行操作
    # 用户在终端输入内容,并将内容发送至远程服务器
    # 远程服务器执行命令,并将结果返回
    # 用户终端显示内容
    #########
     
    chan.close()
    tran.close()
    while True:
        # 监视用户输入和服务器返回数据
        # sys.stdin 处理用户输入
        # chan 是之前创建的通道,用于接收服务器返回信息
        readable, writeable, error = select.select([chan, sys.stdin, ],[],[],1)
        if chan in readable:
            try:
                x = chan.recv(1024)
                if len(x) == 0:
                    print '
    *** EOF
    ',
                    break
                sys.stdout.write(x)
                sys.stdout.flush()
            except socket.timeout:
                pass
        if sys.stdin in readable:
            inp = sys.stdin.readline()
            chan.sendall(inp)
    肆意妄为方式一
    # 获取原tty属性
    oldtty = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
    try:
        # 为tty设置新属性
        # 默认当前tty设备属性:
        #   输入一行回车,执行
        #   CTRL+C 进程退出,遇到特殊字符,特殊处理。
    
        # 这是为原始模式,不认识所有特殊符号
        # 放置特殊字符应用在当前终端,如此设置,将所有的用户输入均发送到远程服务器
        tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
        chan.settimeout(0.0)
    
        while True:
            # 监视 用户输入 和 远程服务器返回数据(socket)
            # 阻塞,直到句柄可读
            r, w, e = select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [], 1)
            if chan in r:
                try:
                    x = chan.recv(1024)
                    if len(x) == 0:
                        print '
    *** EOF
    ',
                        break
                    sys.stdout.write(x)
                    sys.stdout.flush()
                except socket.timeout:
                    pass
            if sys.stdin in r:
                x = sys.stdin.read(1)
                if len(x) == 0:
                    break
                chan.send(x)
    
    finally:
        # 重新设置终端属性
        termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)
    肆意妄为方式二
    def windows_shell(chan):
        import threading
    
        sys.stdout.write("Line-buffered terminal emulation. Press F6 or ^Z to send EOF.
    
    ")
    
        def writeall(sock):
            while True:
                data = sock.recv(256)
                if not data:
                    sys.stdout.write('
    *** EOF ***
    
    ')
                    sys.stdout.flush()
                    break
                sys.stdout.write(data)
                sys.stdout.flush()
    
        writer = threading.Thread(target=writeall, args=(chan,))
        writer.start()
    
        try:
            while True:
                d = sys.stdin.read(1)
                if not d:
                    break
                chan.send(d)
        except EOFError:
            # user hit ^Z or F6
            pass
    肆意妄为方式三

    注:密码验证 t.auth_password(username, pw)

    详见:paramiko源码demo

    数据库操作

    Python 操作 Mysql 模块的安装

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    linux:
    yum install MySQL-python
     
    window:
    http://files.cnblogs.com/files/wupeiqi/py-mysql-win.zip

    SQL基本使用

    1、数据库操作

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    show databases;
    use [databasename];
    create database [name];

    2、数据表操作

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    show tables;
     
    create table students
    (
    id int not null auto_increment primary key,
    name char(8) not null,
    sex char(4) not null,
    age tinyint unsigned not null,
    tel char(13) null default "-"
    );
    CREATE TABLE `wb_blog` ( 
        `id` smallint(8) unsigned NOT NULL, 
        `catid` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', 
        `title` varchar(80) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', 
        `content` text NOT NULL, 
        PRIMARY KEY (`id`), 
        UNIQUE KEY `catename` (`catid`) 
    ) ; 
    View Code

    3、数据操作

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    insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values('alex','man',18,'151515151')
     
    delete from students where id =2;
     
    update students set name = 'sb' where id =1;
     
    select * from students

    4、其他

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    主键
    外键
    左右连接

    Python MySQL API

    一、插入数据

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    import MySQLdb
     
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')
     
    cur = conn.cursor()
     
    reCount = cur.execute('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)',('alex','usa'))
    # reCount = cur.execute('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%(id)s, %(name)s)',{'id':12345,'name':'wupeiqi'})
     
    conn.commit()
     
    cur.close()
    conn.close()
     
    print reCount
    import MySQLdb
    
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')
    
    cur = conn.cursor()
    
    li =[
         ('alex','usa'),
         ('sb','usa'),
    ]
    reCount = cur.executemany('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)',li)
    
    conn.commit()
    cur.close()
    conn.close()
    
    print reCount
    批量插入数据

    注意:cur.lastrowid

    二、删除数据

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    import MySQLdb
     
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')
     
    cur = conn.cursor()
     
    reCount = cur.execute('delete from UserInfo')
     
    conn.commit()
     
    cur.close()
    conn.close()
     
    print reCount

    三、修改数据

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    import MySQLdb
     
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')
     
    cur = conn.cursor()
     
    reCount = cur.execute('update UserInfo set Name = %s',('alin',))
     
    conn.commit()
    cur.close()
    conn.close()
     
    print reCount

    四、查数据

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    # ############################## fetchone/fetchmany(num) ##############################
     
    import MySQLdb
     
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')
    cur = conn.cursor()
     
    reCount = cur.execute('select * from UserInfo')
     
    print cur.fetchone()
    print cur.fetchone()
    cur.scroll(-1,mode='relative')
    print cur.fetchone()
    print cur.fetchone()
    cur.scroll(0,mode='absolute')
    print cur.fetchone()
    print cur.fetchone()
     
    cur.close()
    conn.close()
     
    print reCount
     
     
     
    # ############################## fetchall ##############################
     
    import MySQLdb
     
    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb')
    #cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)
    cur = conn.cursor()
     
    reCount = cur.execute('select Name,Address from UserInfo')
     
    nRet = cur.fetchall()
     
    cur.close()
    conn.close()
     
    print reCount
    print nRet
    for i in nRet:
    print i[0],i[1]
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lidong94/p/5743348.html
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