UWP开发：自动生成迷宫&自动寻路算法（3）

        private static int[,] mazeMap = new int[13 + 2, 25 + 2];//0<=x<=12 0<=y<=24
        private static Random Rd = new Random();

首先声明mazeMap存储数据，声明了一个15*27的迷宫，其中最外面的一圈是用来做墙的。

        public void GenerateMap() { 3             //初始化
            for (int i = 0; i <= 13 + 1; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j <= 25 + 1; j++) {
                    if (i == 0 || i == 13 + 1 || j == 0 || j == 25 + 1) //初始化迷宫
                        mazeMap[i, j] = 0;
                    else
                        mazeMap[i, j] = 1;
                }
            }

这一块是初始化墙和内部的构造。其中我们约定，0是路，1是墙。

接下来贴出之后的算法。

        public void GenerateMap() {
            for (int i = 0; i <= 13 + 1; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j <= 25 + 1; j++) {
                    if (i == 0 || i == 13 + 1 || j == 0 || j == 25 + 1) //初始化迷宫
                        mazeMap[i, j] = 0;
                    else
                        mazeMap[i, j] = 1;
                }
            }

            

            Create(2 * (Rd.Next() % (13 / 2) + 1), 2 * (Rd.Next() % (25 / 2) + 1)); //从随机一个点开始生成迷宫，该点行列都为偶数
            for (int i = 0; i <= 13 + 1; i++)                                        //边界处理
            {
                mazeMap[i, 0] = 1;
                mazeMap[i, 25 + 1] = 1;
            }

            for (int j = 0; j <= 25 + 1; j++) //边界处理
            {
                mazeMap[0, j] = 1;
                mazeMap[13 + 1, j] = 1;
            }
            mazeMap[2, 1] = 2;            //给定入口
            mazeMap[13 - 1, 25] = 2; //给定出口
        }

        public void Create(int x, int y) //随机生成迷宫
 {
            int[,] c = new int[4, 2] { { 0, 1 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, -1 }, { -1, 0 } }; //四个方向       
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
            {
                int j = Rd.Next() % 4;

                int t = c[i, 0];
                c[i, 0] = c[j, 0];
                c[j, 0] = t;
                t = c[i, 1];
                c[i, 1] = c[j, 1];
                c[j, 1] = t;
            }
            mazeMap[x, y] = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                if (mazeMap[x + 2 * c[i, 0], y + 2 * c[i, 1]] == 1) {
                    mazeMap[x + c[i, 0], y + c[i, 1]] = 0;

                    Create(x + 2 * c[i, 0], y + 2 * c[i, 1]);
                }
        }

审视这段代码，如果我们使用一些技巧，代码可读性将会更好，其中的13都是Height，迷宫高度；25都是Width，迷宫宽度，当读到13和25时，可以自动代入Height与Width去理解。

算法的原理很简单，就是递归生成迷宫。

Create(x + 2 * c[i, 0], y + 2 * c[i, 1]);

这一行就是关键递归代码。

参考文献：http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f22455126edb6f1aff001f13.html

虽说是百度文库的，但是值得一读。

下面贴出完整代码。

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
using Windows.Devices.Bluetooth.Advertisement;
using Windows.Foundation;
using Windows.Foundation.Collections;
using Windows.Security.Cryptography.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls.Primitives;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Data;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Input;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;

// The Blank Page item template is documented at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=402352&clcid=0x409

namespace Maze
{
    /// <summary>
    /// An empty page that can be used on its own or navigated to within a Frame.
    /// </summary>
    public sealed partial class MainPage : Page
    {
        private static int[,] mazeMap = new int[13 + 2, 25 + 2];//0<=x<=12 0<=y<=24
        private static Random Rd = new Random();
        public static List<Rect> Rects { get; set; }

        public MainPage() {
            this.InitializeComponent();

            Rects = new List<Rect>();
            
            GenerateMap();
            for (int x = 0; x < 325; x++)//25*14
            {
                var rect = new Rect() { X = x / 25, Y = x % 25 };
                switch (mazeMap[rect.X + 1, rect.Y + 1]) {
                    case 0:
                        rect.Color = "Blue";
                        break;
                    case 1:
                        rect.Color = "Gray";
                        break;
                    case 2:
                        rect.Color = "Red";
                        break;
                    case 3:
                        rect.Color = "Yellow";
                        break;
                    
                }
                Rects.Add(rect);
            }
            GridView.ItemsSource = Rects;


        }

        


        public class Rect
        {
            public int X { get; set; }
            public int Y { get; set; }//以左上角为1,1
            public string Color { get; set; }
        }

        public void GenerateMap() {
            for (int i = 0; i <= 13 + 1; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j <= 25 + 1; j++) {
                    if (i == 0 || i == 13 + 1 || j == 0 || j == 25 + 1) //初始化迷宫
                        mazeMap[i, j] = 0;
                    else
                        mazeMap[i, j] = 1;
                }
            }

            

            Create(2 * (Rd.Next() % (13 / 2) + 1), 2 * (Rd.Next() % (25 / 2) + 1)); //从随机一个点开始生成迷宫，该点行列都为偶数
            for (int i = 0; i <= 13 + 1; i++)                                        //边界处理
            {
                mazeMap[i, 0] = 1;
                mazeMap[i, 25 + 1] = 1;
            }

            for (int j = 0; j <= 25 + 1; j++) //边界处理
            {
                mazeMap[0, j] = 1;
                mazeMap[13 + 1, j] = 1;
            }
            mazeMap[2, 1] = 2;            //给定入口
            mazeMap[13 - 1, 25] = 2; //给定出口
        }

        public void Create(int x, int y) //随机生成迷宫
 {
            int[,] c = new int[4, 2] { { 0, 1 }, { 1, 0 }, { 0, -1 }, { -1, 0 } }; //四个方向       
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
            {
                int j = Rd.Next() % 4;

                int t = c[i, 0];
                c[i, 0] = c[j, 0];
                c[j, 0] = t;
                t = c[i, 1];
                c[i, 1] = c[j, 1];
                c[j, 1] = t;
            }
            mazeMap[x, y] = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                if (mazeMap[x + 2 * c[i, 0], y + 2 * c[i, 1]] == 1) {
                    mazeMap[x + c[i, 0], y + c[i, 1]] = 0;

                    Create(x + 2 * c[i, 0], y + 2 * c[i, 1]);
                }
        }
}