一、替换（s）
详细用法 [address]s/pattern/replacement/flags
修饰flag的标志如下：
| 命令 | 说明 |
| n | 1到512之间的一个数字，表示文本模式中指定模式第n次出现的情况进行替换 |
| g | 对模式空间的所有出现的情况进行全局更改，没有g通常只有第一次出现的情况被取代 |
| p | 打印模式空间的内容 |
| w file | 将模式空间的内容写到文件file中 |
| x | 表示互换模板块中的文本和缓冲区中的文本 |
| y | 表示把一个字符翻译为另外的字符（但是不用于正则表达式） |
| & | 已匹配字符串标记 |
准备测试文件:
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat replace.txt my name is Lily This is your dog my dog's name is frank This is your fish my fish's name is george This is your goat my goat's name is adam
替换文本中的字符串
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's/This/That/' replace.txt my name is Lily That is your dog my dog's name is frank That is your fish my fish's name is george That is your goat my goat's name is adam
上述命令只是替换每行的第一个，如果替换所有的需要 用 sed 's/This/That/g' replace.txt
打印替换行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's/This/That/p' replace.txt my name is Lily That is your dog That is your dog my dog's name is frank That is your fish That is your fish my fish's name is george That is your goat That is your goat my goat's name is adam
-n选项和p命令一起使用表示只打印那些发生替换的行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed -n 's/This/That/p' replace.txt That is your dog That is your fish That is your goat
直接编辑文件选项-i，会匹配文件中每一行的第一个This替换为That,即在原文件中修改
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed -i 's/This/That/' replace.txt [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat replace.txt my name is Lily That is your dog my dog's name is frank That is your fish my fish's name is george That is your goat my goat's name is adam
当需要从第N处匹配开始替换时，可以使用/Ng:
修改下文件如下：
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat replace.txt my name is Lily that is your that dog my dog's name is frank that is your that fish my fish's name is george that is your that goat my goat's name is adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's/that/this/2g' replace.txt my name is Lily that is your this dog my dog's name is frank that is your this fish my fish's name is george that is your this goat my goat's name is adam
定界符出现在样式内部时，需要进行转义
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ echo '/usr/local/bin' | sed 's//usr/local/bin//USR/LOCAL/BIN/g' /USR/LOCAL/BIN
命令中的三根斜线分隔符可以换成别的符号,有时候替换目录字符串的时候有较多斜线，这个时候换成其它的分割符是较为方便,只需要紧跟s定义即可
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's?that?this?2g' replace.txt my name is Lily that is your this dog my dog's name is frank that is your this fish my fish's name is george that is your this goat my goat's name is adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's|that|this|2g' replace.txt my name is Lily that is your this dog my dog's name is frank that is your this fish my fish's name is george that is your this goat my goat's name is adam
”^”表示行首
”$”符号如果在引号中表示行尾，但是在引号外却表示末行(最后一行)
# 注意这里的 " & " 符号，如果没有 “&”，就会直接将匹配到的字符串替换掉
sed 's/^/添加的头部&/g' #在所有行首添加
sed 's/$/&添加的尾部/g' #在所有行末添加
sed '2s/原字符串/替换字符串/g' #替换第2行
sed '$s/原字符串/替换字符串/g' #替换最后一行
sed '2,5s/原字符串/替换字符串/g' #替换2到5行
sed '2,$s/原字符串/替换字符串/g' #替换2到最后一行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's/^/添加的头部&/g' replace.txt 添加的头部my name is Lily 添加的头部that is your that dog 添加的头部my dog's name is frank 添加的头部that is your that fish 添加的头部my fish's name is george 添加的头部that is your that goat 添加的头部my goat's name is adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's/$/&添加的尾部/g' replace.txt my name is Lily添加的尾部 that is your that dog添加的尾部 my dog's name is frank添加的尾部 that is your that fish添加的尾部 my fish's name is george添加的尾部 that is your that goat添加的尾部 my goat's name is adam添加的尾部 [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '2s/that/jiao/g' replace.txt my name is Lily jiao is your jiao dog my dog's name is frank that is your that fish my fish's name is george that is your that goat my goat's name is adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '$s/my/your/g' replace.txt my name is Lily that is your that dog my dog's name is frank that is your that fish my fish's name is george that is your that goat your goat's name is adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '2,5s/my/your/g' replace.txt my name is Lily that is your that dog your dog's name is frank that is your that fish your fish's name is george that is your that goat my goat's name is adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '2,$s/my/your/g' replace.txt my name is Lily that is your that dog your dog's name is frank that is your that fish your fish's name is george that is your that goat your goat's name is adam
同时执行两个替换规则，sed 's/^/添加的头部&/g；s/$/&添加的尾部/g'
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 's/^/添加的头部&/g;s/$/&添加的尾部/g' replace.txt 添加的头部my name is Lily添加的尾部 添加的头部that is your that dog添加的尾部 添加的头部my dog's name is frank添加的尾部 添加的头部that is your that fish添加的尾部 添加的头部my fish's name is george添加的尾部 添加的头部that is your that goat添加的尾部 添加的头部my goat's name is adam添加的尾部
二、删除（d）
删除空白行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '/^$/d' sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This adam
删除第2行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '2d' sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This adam
删除文件的第2行到末尾所有行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '2,$d' sed.txt my cat's name is betty
删除文件最后一行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '$d' sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat
删除文件中所有以my开头的行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '/^my/d' sed.txt This is your This dog This is your fish This is your goat
-e选项允许在同一行里执行多条命令
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed -e '1,5d' -e 's/my/MY/' sed.txt This is your fish MY fish's name is This george This is your goat MY goat's name is This adam
删除不连续的行 ##注意这里不能添加引号或者双引号，否则报错
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed -e{2,4}d sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This adam
三、列表（l）
列表命令（l）可用于显示模式空间的内容，将非打印的字符显示为两个数字的ASCII码。可以使用该命令来检测输入中的不可见字符
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$vim list.txt 19楼浙江家博会^I^A19lou.com^A^A^A$ 19楼 装修^I^A19lou.com^A^A^A$ 杭州19楼家博会^I^A19lou.com^A^A^A$ 杭州19楼家博会下一季时间^I^A19lou.com^A^A^A$ 杭州19楼装修^I^A19lou.com^A^A^A$ 杭州19楼装饰^I^A19lou.com^A^A^A$ 杭州装修19楼^I^A19lou.com^A^A^A$
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$sed "l" list.txt
19楼浙江家博会 19lou.com
19346245274 350243205344277256 00119lou.com 01 01 01$
19楼 装修 19lou.com
34623525534526723619346245274345256266345215232344
274232 00119lou.com 01 01 01$
杭州19楼家博会 19lou.com
34623525534526723619346245274345256266345215232344
274232344270213344270200345255243346227266351227264
00119lou.com 01 01 01$
杭州19楼家博会下一季时间 19lou.com
34623525534526723619346245274350243205344277256 011
9lou.com 01 01 01$
杭州19楼装修 19lou.com
34623525534526723619346245274350243205351245260 011
9lou.com 01 01 01$
四、追加（a）
[line-address]a ext file.txt
追加到以my开头的行后面
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '/^my/awhat is it' sed.txt my cat's name is betty what is it This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank what is it This is your fish my fish's name is This george what is it This is your goat my goat's name is This adam what is it
在sed.txt文件第2行之后插入what is it
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '2awhat is it' sed.txt my cat's name is betty what is it This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This adam
五、插入（i）
line-address]i ext file.txt
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '/^my/iwhat is it' sed.txt what is it my cat's name is betty This is your This dog what is it my dog's name is This frank This is your fish what is it my fish's name is This george This is your goat what is it my goat's name is This adam
六、更改（c）
[line-address]c ext file.txt
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '/^my/cwhat is it' sed.txt what is it This is your This dog what is it This is your fish what is it This is your goat what is it
七、变形（y）
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed 'y/my/MY/' sed.txt MY cat's naMe is bettY This is Your This dog MY dog's naMe is This frank This is Your fish MY fish's naMe is This george This is Your goat MY goat's naMe is This adaM
八、奇数行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed -n 'p;n' sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog my fish's name is This george my goat's name is This adam
九、偶数行
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed -n 'n;p' sed.txt my dog's name is This frank This is your fish This is your goat
十、从文件读入 （r）
file里的内容被读进来，显示在与test匹配的行后面，如果匹配多行，则file的内容将显示在所有匹配行的下面
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat kumu.txt mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '/my/r kumu.txt' sed.txt my cat's name is betty mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm This is your fish my fish's name is This george mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm This is your goat my goat's name is This adam mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
十一、写入文件命令（w）
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ sed '/my/w kumu.txt' sed.txt my cat's name is betty This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This adam [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat kumu.txt my cat's name is betty my dog's name is This frank my fish's name is This george my goat's name is This adam
十二、命令写入文件 （f）
[kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat kumu.txt s/betty/kumufengchun/g s/adam/jiaojiao/g [kumufengchun@localhost ~]$ cat sed.txt | sed -f kumu.txt my cat's name is kumufengchun This is your This dog my dog's name is This frank This is your fish my fish's name is This george This is your goat my goat's name is This jiaojiao
-e:执行命令行中的指令，例如：sed -e 'command' file(s)
-f:执行一个sed脚本文件中的指令，例如： sed -f scriptfile file(s)
-i:与-e的区别在于：当使用-e时，sed执行指令并不会修改原输入文件的内容，只会显示在bash中，而使用-i选项时，sed执行的指令会直接修改原输入文件。
-n:读取下一行到pattern space。